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Banking and Finance Law

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Brooklyn Law School

Journal

2022

Articles 1 - 9 of 9

Full-Text Articles in Law

The Internet Is For Porn…Or Is It? Fair Access To Financial Services And The Need For Onlyporn Legislation, Emily Pollak Dec 2022

The Internet Is For Porn…Or Is It? Fair Access To Financial Services And The Need For Onlyporn Legislation, Emily Pollak

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Historically, the pornography industry has been the target of countless attempts to delegitimize sex work, but it still endures as a legal industry. Nevertheless, financial service providers such as banks and third-party payment processors have circumvented providing the industry fair access to their services, under vague pretexts such as reputational risk. While porn is not the only marginalized industry affected by unfair treatment from financial service providers, it is among the most targeted. This note gives context to this issue and provides that access to the global marketplace should not be limited by financial institutions functioning as de facto legislators, …


The Development Of The American “Security Interest” And Its Effect On The International Harmonization Of Security Rights, Henry Gabriel Dec 2022

The Development Of The American “Security Interest” And Its Effect On The International Harmonization Of Security Rights, Henry Gabriel

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

No abstract provided.


Targeted Regulation Of Proxy Voting Advice: Balancing Monitoring With Information Flow In The Age Of Esg, Jara R.Y. Jacobson Jun 2022

Targeted Regulation Of Proxy Voting Advice: Balancing Monitoring With Information Flow In The Age Of Esg, Jara R.Y. Jacobson

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Proxy voting advice businesses have historically been guided by disjointed rules and regulations based on their relationship to other entities, but under a 2020 rulemaking they were officially brought under the auspices of the Securities and Exchange Commission. However, after a change in presidential administrations, the Securities and Exchange Commission in 2021 issued a proposed amendment which, if adopted, would rescind some of the more contentious elements of the initial 2020 rulemaking. This Note considers how, even if the 2021 proposed amendments are adopted, the Securities and Exchange Commission can simultaneously regulate and protect proxy voting advice businesses through the …


Mutual Fund Advisory Fees: Forty Years Of Failure, Stewart L. Brown Phd., Cfa Jun 2022

Mutual Fund Advisory Fees: Forty Years Of Failure, Stewart L. Brown Phd., Cfa

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

In the 1960s, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) attempted to correct an oversight in the Investment Company Act of 1940 (ICA) that allowed investment management firms to overcharge investors, namely, the absence of enforceable protections over excessive fees. Congress, in the 1970 amendments to the ICA, was influenced by the investment management industry and the resultant legislation sent ambiguous signals to the judicial system. Lacking clear guidance from Congress, in the seminal fee case Gartenberg v. Merrill Lynch, the Second Circuit fashioned a fiduciary standard favorable to the investment management industry. Under this standard, no plaintiff has ever won …


In Vogue Again: The Re-Rise Of Spacs In The Ipo Market, Maria Lucia Passador Jun 2022

In Vogue Again: The Re-Rise Of Spacs In The Ipo Market, Maria Lucia Passador

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

If the capital markets described the year 2020 in a few words, it would certainly be Special Purpose Acquisition Company (SPACs), which - although to a different extent - are now gaining momentum on both shores of the pond. While, in the United States, SPACs are really enjoying a new lease on life due to the pandemic, the outlook seems positive in Europe too, although data are not comparable to those registered across the Atlantic. This article focuses on SPACs in the United States prior to the COVID-19 pandemic (between January 2010 and December 2019), in order to understand their …


Freeing Cryptoassets From Howey: A Defense Of Genuine Token Offering, Kathryn A. Daly Jun 2022

Freeing Cryptoassets From Howey: A Defense Of Genuine Token Offering, Kathryn A. Daly

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

The Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) is the most powerful regulator of the U.S. securities market and serves to “protect investors; maintain fair, orderly, and efficient markets; and facilitate capital formation.” The agency’s task of protecting retail investors and regulating market participants has been, at times, reduced to a binary choice between “Main Street” investors and “Wall Street” insiders. Some regulators and legislators rely on this binary to put pressure on cryptoassets, claiming that more regulation leads to more effective investor protections. This Note rejects that premise. Genuine tokens offerings (i.e., unregistered security offerings not designed to defraud investors) must be …


Walking Between The Lines: Why The Wright Line Standard Is Not Always Applicable While Employees Demand Safer Covid-19 Working Conditions, Michelle Verkhoglaz Jun 2022

Walking Between The Lines: Why The Wright Line Standard Is Not Always Applicable While Employees Demand Safer Covid-19 Working Conditions, Michelle Verkhoglaz

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Before the National Labor Relation Board’s (NLRB) July 2020 decision in General Motors LLC and Charles Robinson, employers faced difficulty in disciplining employees that engaged in protected activity under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) when their behavior was abusive. However, this changed after the NLRB adopted the Wright Line standard in General Motors, a burden-shifting analysis that gives employers the opportunity to prove that the employer would have taken the same action even without the NLRA protected activity. Compared to the NLRB’s prior standards, this standard offers employers a clear-cut defense and the ability to adhere to discrimination laws …


How Discretionary Decision-Making Impacts The Financial Performance And Legal Disclosures Of S&P 500 Funds, Bernard S. Sharfman, Vincent Deluard Apr 2022

How Discretionary Decision-Making Impacts The Financial Performance And Legal Disclosures Of S&P 500 Funds, Bernard S. Sharfman, Vincent Deluard

Brooklyn Law Review

When investment funds track the S&P 500, the index becomes more than just a list of 500 companies. The focus then becomes the financial and regulatory issues that arise from the discretionary decision-making power of the Index Committee that governs the S&P 500. Based on our empirical research and analysis, this article recommends a new principal risk disclosure under SEC Form N-1A, which we refer to as “selection risk,” to be included in the statutory and summary prospectuses of investment funds that track the S&P 500. This type of risk results when the Index Committee uses its discretionary decision-making power …


A True Sense Of Security: How Kirschner V. J.P. Morgan Chase Illustrates The Failings Of The Reves Family-Resemblance Test And The Need To Recognize Some Syndicated Loans As Securities For The Sake Of The Financial System, Aidan D. Mulry Apr 2022

A True Sense Of Security: How Kirschner V. J.P. Morgan Chase Illustrates The Failings Of The Reves Family-Resemblance Test And The Need To Recognize Some Syndicated Loans As Securities For The Sake Of The Financial System, Aidan D. Mulry

Brooklyn Law Review

Following the 2008 financial crisis, Congress implemented a number of reforms aimed at ensuring that such a man-made disaster—fueled by greed and willful ignorance—is not permitted to happen again. On the surface, these reforms appear to be a success; however, under the surface, there is currently a capital market that is effectively ignored, not only by the reforms passed in the wake of the financial crisis, but by virtually all securities regulation. This capital market, which revolves around so-called syndicated loans, is estimated to be larger than the subprime-mortgage collateralized debt obligations market was at its apex, and yet it …