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The Central Bank’S Role In The Payment System: Legal And Policy Aspects, Christian Johnson, Robert Steigerwald
The Central Bank’S Role In The Payment System: Legal And Policy Aspects, Christian Johnson, Robert Steigerwald
Christian A. Johnson
The paper starts with a brief overview of the payment system and the roles central banks have traditionally played as payment intermediaries. In particular, it discusses interbank settlement and the role of bank money as a settlement asset. The paper shows that the concept of settlement finality, which has both legal and risk management dimensions, is a key attribute of any form of payment and is not a unique attribute of payments made through a central bank.
Assessing A Decade Of Interstate Bank Branching, Christian Johnson, Tara Rice
Assessing A Decade Of Interstate Bank Branching, Christian Johnson, Tara Rice
Christian A. Johnson
U.S. banking regulation has historically prohibited the ability of a bank to open or own a branch located outside of its home state, commonly referred to as interstate branching. Only since the passage of the Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act (IBBEA) in 1994 have banks have been able to engage in interstate branching, though subject to state restrictions. Despite IBBEA's removal of branching barriers, it still allowed the states to impose restrictions on the entry of out-of-state branch offices. This article describes the changes in Federal and state interstate branching law since passage of IBBEA and reviews how …