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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Law
Chevron In The Circuit Courts, Kent Barnett, Christopher J. Walker
Chevron In The Circuit Courts, Kent Barnett, Christopher J. Walker
Michigan Law Review
This Article presents findings from the most comprehensive empirical study to date on how the federal courts of appeals have applied Chevrondeference— the doctrine under which courts defer to a federal agency’s reasonable interpretation of an ambiguous statute that it administers. Based on 1,558 agency interpretations the circuit courts reviewed from 2003 through 2013 (where they cited Chevron), we found that the circuit courts overall upheld 71% of interpretations and applied Chevrondeference 77% of the time. But there was nearly a twenty-five-percentage-point difference in agency-win rates when the circuit courts applied Chevrondeference than when they did …
Center For Biological Diversity V. Jewell, Lowell J. Chandler
Center For Biological Diversity V. Jewell, Lowell J. Chandler
Public Land & Resources Law Review
The ESA protects threatened or endangered species, and species likely to become threatened or endangered within the foreseeable future, throughout all or a significant portion of their range. In Center for Biological Diversity v. Jewell, the United States District Court for the District of Arizona overturned a Fish and Wildlife Service policy defining the significant portion of range language in the ESA. The policy interpretation limited ESA protections to apply only when a species faced risk of extinction throughout its entire range. The court deemed this policy impermissible because it effectively rendered the significant portion of range language meaningless. …
Oversight Of Oversight: A Proposal For More Effective Foia Reform, Aram A. Gavoor, Daniel Miktus
Oversight Of Oversight: A Proposal For More Effective Foia Reform, Aram A. Gavoor, Daniel Miktus
Catholic University Law Review
One of the main mechanisms by which the public can gather information about government activity is through the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). This Article suggests that FOIA contains inconsistencies that lead to a less transparent government. Gaps and ambiguities in its language that invite and require federal agency interpretation, are at odds with FOIA’s de novo standard of review. This Article suggests that FOIA’s public policy goals would be better served if Congress takes decisive action to clarify FOIA’s language and fill in such ambiguities and gaps.
Internal Administrative Law, Gillian E. Metzger, Kevin M. Stack
Internal Administrative Law, Gillian E. Metzger, Kevin M. Stack
Michigan Law Review
For years, administrative law has been identified as the external review of agency action, primarily by courts. Following in the footsteps of pioneering administrative law scholars, a growing body of recent scholarship has begun to attend to the role of internal norms and structures in controlling agency action. This Article offers a conceptual and historical account of these internal forces as internal administrative law. Internal administrative law consists of the internal directives, guidance, and organizational forms through which agencies structure the discretion of their employees and presidents control the workings of the executive branch. It is the critical means for …
Remedial Restraint In Administrative Law, Nicholas Bagley
Remedial Restraint In Administrative Law, Nicholas Bagley
Articles
When a court determines that an agency action violates the Administrative Procedure Act, the conventional remedy is to invalidate the action and remand to the agency. Only rarely do the courts entertain the possibility of holding agency errors harmless. The courts’ strict approach to error holds some appeal: Better a hard rule that encourages procedural fastidiousness than a remedial standard that might tempt agencies to cut corners. But the benefits of this rule-bound approach are more elusive, and the costs much larger, than is commonly assumed. Across a wide range of cases, the reflexive invalidation of agency action appears wildly …
Pre-Enforcement Litigation Needed For Taxing Procedures, Stephanie Mcmahon
Pre-Enforcement Litigation Needed For Taxing Procedures, Stephanie Mcmahon
Faculty Articles and Other Publications
Courts have opened tax guidance to procedural attack. Consequently, taxpayers who are found to owe tax may challenge the validity of the guidance implementing the tax if the procedure used by the Treasury Department in adopting the guidance failed to comply with the Administrative Procedure Act, in particular, with notice-and-comment. This increased willingness to consider tax guidance's procedural defects offers little to most taxpayers unless they are also given a better means to raise procedural challenges. Under current law and in most circumstances, generally, taxpayers can bring a challenge only after they have been found to owe taxes in an …