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Articles 1 - 30 of 107
Full-Text Articles in Law
Enabling A Just Transition: Protecting Human Rights In Renewable Energy Projects: A Briefing For Policymakers, Hansika Agrawal, Laura El-Katiri, Kimathi Muiruri, Sam Szoke-Burke
Enabling A Just Transition: Protecting Human Rights In Renewable Energy Projects: A Briefing For Policymakers, Hansika Agrawal, Laura El-Katiri, Kimathi Muiruri, Sam Szoke-Burke
Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment
This briefing provides guidance to policy- and decision-makers (hereafter, “policymakers”) on the benefits of and strategies for taking a human rights-based approach to renewable energy policy. It highlights the various impacts of utility-scale renewable energy projects on peoples and communities, associated risks for policymakers, and explains how national, regional, and global policies can help mitigate those impacts and risks. The briefing addresses different agents of policy- and decision-making: Host states, where renewable energy projects are proposed or located; Home states where corporations pursuing renewable energy investments, especially investments abroad, are based; Development Finance Institutions (DFIs) financing renewable energy investments, especially …
Expanding American Indian Land Stewardship: An Environmental Solution For A Country In Crisis, Haley Edmonds
Expanding American Indian Land Stewardship: An Environmental Solution For A Country In Crisis, Haley Edmonds
Law Student Publications
Land is the central foundation around which all life is formed. Therefore, societies must have a stable connection with the land in order to be structurally sound. If this connection is weak or inflexible, every building-block of civilization laid on top of it will inevitably crumble. Some societies have established stable relationships with the land by working around and responding to nature’s rhythms in order to satisfy their needs. Whereas other societies have ignored nature’s intricacies and instead have tried to strong-arm nature into yielding to their whims. These two diametrically opposed approaches to conceiving of humans’ relationship with the …
American Declaration On The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples, Organization Of American States. General Assembly.
American Declaration On The Rights Of Indigenous Peoples, Organization Of American States. General Assembly.
AALL Legal Website of the Month
The American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples was adopted at the Third Plenary Session of the Organization of American States (OAS) General Secretariat held on June 15, 2016. The indigenous peoples of the Americas are culturally distinct groups who maintain an ancestral bond to the lands where they live or wish to live. Also, the Indigenous peoples of the Americans have the right to live in harmony with nature and to a healthy, safe, and sustainable environment, essential conditions for the full enjoyment of the right to life, to their spirituality, world view and to collective well-being.
Living In Two Worlds, Elizabeth Kronk Warner
Living In Two Worlds, Elizabeth Kronk Warner
Utah Law Faculty Scholarship
Anti-racism calls us to work toward ending racial hatred, bias, systemic racism, and the oppression of marginalized groups. For many of us working in higher education leadership, this means that we are actively creating space for marginalized voices both in classrooms and through research. But who should be included is not always a question with a clear answer. Additionally, because of the complexity of identity, not all members of a marginalized community may express themselves in a monothetic way. This essay examines such a group possessing a complex identity – Indigenous people, from my personal lived experience. The essay explores …
A Familiar Crossroads: Mcgirt V. Oklahoma And The Future Of The Federal Indian Law Canon, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
A Familiar Crossroads: Mcgirt V. Oklahoma And The Future Of The Federal Indian Law Canon, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Articles
Federal Indian law forms part of the bedrock of American jurisprudence. Indeed, critical parts of the pre-civil war constitutional canon were defined in Federal Indian law cases that simultaneously provided legal justification for American westward expansion onto unceded Indian lands. As a result, Federal Indian law makes up an inextricable part of American rule of law. Despite its importance, Federal Indian law follows a long and circuitous road that requires "wander[ing] the maze of Indian statutes and case law tracing back [over] 100 years." That road has long oscillated between two poles, with the Supreme Court sometimes applying foundation principles …
When Contact Kills: Indigenous Peoples Living In Voluntary Isolation During Covid, Sital Kalantry, Nicholas Koeppen
When Contact Kills: Indigenous Peoples Living In Voluntary Isolation During Covid, Sital Kalantry, Nicholas Koeppen
Cornell Law Faculty Publications
During the global pandemic, people around the world are at risk of serious illness and death from contact and proximity to other people. But Indigenous peoples, particularly those in voluntary isolation, have always faced that risk. International organizations have relied on the right to self-determination as the primary legal grounds to justify the principle of no-contact for Indigenous peoples living in voluntary isolation. This Essay argues that the right to life and right to health when properly contextualized are stronger bases to push states to prevent outsiders from contacting people living in voluntary isolation.
The Contemporary Methodology For Quantifying Reserved Instream Flow Water Rights To Support Aquatic Habitat, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
The Contemporary Methodology For Quantifying Reserved Instream Flow Water Rights To Support Aquatic Habitat, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Articles
Since time immemorial, indigenous people have relied on the streams of their territory for food, fiber, transportation, recreation, cultural, and spiritual needs. Accordingly, tribal people-particularly those in the region now called the Northwestern United States-placed singular emphasis on preserving their traditional subsistence culture when negotiating with the United States during the reservation era. Although rarely expressed in these treaties, the tribes are nonetheless entitled to water rights sufficient to fulfill these traditional subsistence treaty rights. Of the suite of water rights to maintain traditional uses of water, likely the most commonly claimed is for water to maintain fish habitat. A …
The Historical Evolution Of The Methodology For Quantifying Federal Reserved Instream Water Rights For American Indian Tribes, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
The Historical Evolution Of The Methodology For Quantifying Federal Reserved Instream Water Rights For American Indian Tribes, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Articles
From the earliest days of their relationship with the United States, the tribes from the region today referred to as the Northwestern United States have been steadfast in their effort to protect the land, waters, plants, and animals of their traditional homelands. That effort is not coincidental; North America's indigenous people have a singular relationship to the environment they have been a part of for millennia. In particular, they have relied on the streams of their territory for food, fiber, transportation, recreation, cultural, and spiritual sustenance. As a result, through litigation, restoration, and conservation management, tribes have focused on maintaining …
Indigenous Rights And Climate Change: The Influence Of Climate Change On The Quantification Of Reserved Instream Water Rights For American Indian Tribes, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Indigenous Rights And Climate Change: The Influence Of Climate Change On The Quantification Of Reserved Instream Water Rights For American Indian Tribes, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Articles
The people indigenous to the Western portion of the lands now referred to as North America have relied on aquatic species for physical, cultural, and spiritual sustenance for millennia. Such indigenous peoples, referred to in the American legal system as Indian tribes, are entitled to water rights for fish habitat pursuant to the Winters Doctrine, which holds that the federal government impliedly reserved water rights for tribes when reservations were created. Recently, the methodology for quantifying these rights has been the Instream Flow Incremental Methodology (IFIM) and/or one of its major components, the Physical Habitat Simulation Model (PHABSIM). These models …
Cultural Linguistics And Treaty Language: A Modernized Approach To Interpreting Treaty Language To Capture The Tribe's Understanding, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Cultural Linguistics And Treaty Language: A Modernized Approach To Interpreting Treaty Language To Capture The Tribe's Understanding, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Articles
Language is a reflection of a thought world. A worldview that has been shaped by place to describe one's identity in space and time does not equate to species relatedness as a default to know one another. In the legal system of the United States, there is acknowledgement of treaties in colonized lands that there are rights granted from the tribes and not to them, and those rights are land based. Yet, the Indigenous voice is dead before arrival, before it enters the room of science, justice, academe, or otherwise. The exclusion of Indigenous peoples at the table of knowledge …
Cultural Linguistics And Treaty Language: A Modernized Approach To Interpreting Treaty Language To Capture The Tribe's Understanding, Barbara Cosens
Cultural Linguistics And Treaty Language: A Modernized Approach To Interpreting Treaty Language To Capture The Tribe's Understanding, Barbara Cosens
Articles
Language is a reflection of a thought world. A worldview that has been shaped by place to describe one's identity in space and time does not equate to species relatedness as a default to know one another. In the legal system of the United States, there is acknowledgement of treaties in colonized lands that there are rights granted from the tribes and not to them, and those rights are land-based. Yet, the Indigenous voice is dead before arrival, before it enters the room of science, justice, academe, or otherwise. The exclusion of Indigenous peoples at the table of knowledge and …
(Indigenous) Language As A Human Right, Kristen Carpenter, Alexey Tsykarev
(Indigenous) Language As A Human Right, Kristen Carpenter, Alexey Tsykarev
Publications
The United Nations General Assembly has proclaimed 2022-2032 as the International Decade of Indigenous Languages. Building on lessons of the International Year of Indigenous Languages of 2019, the Decade will "draw attention to the critical loss of indigenous languages and the urgent need to preserve, revitalize and promote indigenous languages." These actions are necessary, in part, because existing laws and policies have proven inadequate to redress the legacy of state suppression of indigenous languages or ensure nondiscrimination in contemporary usage. In light of the International Year and Decade, this Article explores the rights of indigenous peoples to "use, revitalize, and …
Not Yet America's Best Idea: Law, Inequality, And Grand Canyon National Park, Sarah Krakoff
Not Yet America's Best Idea: Law, Inequality, And Grand Canyon National Park, Sarah Krakoff
Publications
Even the nation’s most cherished and protected public lands are not spaces apart from the workings of law, politics, and power. This Essay explores that premise in the context of Grand Canyon National Park. On the occasion of the Park’s 100th Anniversary, it examines how law — embedded in a political economy committed to rapid growth and development in the southwestern United States — facilitated the violent displacement of indigenous peoples and entrenched racialized inequalities in the surrounding region. It also explores law’s shortcomings in the context of sexual harassment and discrimination within the Park. The Essay concludes by suggesting …
Creative And Responsive Advocacy For Reconciliation: The Application Of Gladue Principles In Administrative Law, Andrew Martin
Creative And Responsive Advocacy For Reconciliation: The Application Of Gladue Principles In Administrative Law, Andrew Martin
Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press
A s a response to the estrangement and alienation of Indigenous peoples from the Canadian justice system, Gladue principles are central to reconciliation in sentencing and other criminal law contexts. However, the role of Gladue principles in administrative law more broadly remains uncertain. In this paper, I argue that the factors underlying Indigenous peoples’ estrangement and alienation from the justice system indicate estrangement and alienation from the administrative state itself, and thus Gladue principles appropriately apply in administrative law contexts. Using the results of a comprehensive search of reported decisions by tribunals and by courts on judicial review, I analyze …
Envisioning Indigenous Community Courts To Realize Justice In Canada For First Nations, Angelique Eaglewoman
Envisioning Indigenous Community Courts To Realize Justice In Canada For First Nations, Angelique Eaglewoman
Faculty Scholarship
Through European colonization in North America, the time-honored rule of law, or good way of life, in Indigenous communities was displaced with external forums and processes, primarily from the British juridical traditions. In contemporary Canada, the use of external laws as a tool of colonization and the injustice experienced by Aboriginal peoples in Canadian courts has been the focus of media attention, policy papers, and legal reports for decades. The Canadian justice system is viewed by many as external and a means of subjugation for First Nation, Métis and Inuit peoples. As the Canadian government has attempted to come to …
Environmental Justice And The Possibilities For Environmental Law, Sarah Krakoff
Environmental Justice And The Possibilities For Environmental Law, Sarah Krakoff
Publications
Climate change and extreme inequality combine to cause disproportionate harms to poor communities throughout the world. Further, unequal resource allocation is shot through with the structures of racism and other forms of discrimination. This Essay explores these phenomena in two different places in the United States, and traces law’s role in constructing environmental and economic vulnerability. The Essay then proposes that solutions, if there are any to be had, lie in expanding our notions of what kinds of laws are relevant to achieving environmental justice, and in seeing law as a possible tactic for instigating broader social change but not …
Tenth Anniversary Of The University Of Idaho's Native Law Program, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Tenth Anniversary Of The University Of Idaho's Native Law Program, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Articles
No abstract provided.
Welcome From The Chair Of The Indian Law Section, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Welcome From The Chair Of The Indian Law Section, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Articles
No abstract provided.
Indigenous Water Justice, Barbara Cosens
Indigenous Water Justice, Barbara Cosens
Articles
Indigenous Peoples are struggling for water justice across the globe. These struggles stem from centuries-long, ongoing colonial legacies and hold profound significance for Indigenous Peoples’ socioeconomic development, cultural identity, and political autonomy and external relations within nation-states. Ultimately, Indigenous Peoples’ right to self- determination is implicated. Growing out of a symposium hosted by the University of Colorado Law School and the Native American Rights Fund in June 2016, this Article expounds the concept of “indigenous water justice” and advocates for its realization in three major trans- boundary river basins: the Colorado (U.S./Mexico), Columbia (Canada/U.S.), and Murray-Darling (Australia). The Article begins …
Religious Freedom In Canada: A Crucible For Constitutionalism, Benjamin Berger
Religious Freedom In Canada: A Crucible For Constitutionalism, Benjamin Berger
Articles & Book Chapters
This article examines three axes around which contemporary Canadian debates on freedom of religion are turning: the status and protection of group and collective religious interests; the emergence – and instability – of state neutrality as the governing ideal in the management of religious difference; and the treatment of Indigenous religion. Each is discussed as a key thematic and doctrinal development emerging from recent activity in the freedom of religion jurisprudence in Canada. Each is also an instance, the article suggests, of religion doing its particularly effective work of exposing the fundamental tensions and dynamics in Canadian constitutionalism more generally.
Trust Or Bust: Complications With Tribal Trust Obligations And Environmental Sovereignty, Nadia B. Ahmad
Trust Or Bust: Complications With Tribal Trust Obligations And Environmental Sovereignty, Nadia B. Ahmad
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
They Were Here First: American Indian Tribes, Race, And The Constitutional Minimum, Sarah Krakoff
They Were Here First: American Indian Tribes, Race, And The Constitutional Minimum, Sarah Krakoff
Publications
In American law, Native nations (denominated in the Constitution and elsewhere as “tribes”) are sovereigns with a direct relationship with the federal government. Tribes’ governmental status situates them differently from other minority groups for many legal purposes, including equal protection analysis. Under current equal protection doctrine, classifications that further the federal government’s unique relationship with tribes and their members are subject to rationality review. Yet this deferential approach has recently been subject to criticism and is currently being challenged in the courts. Swept up in the larger drift toward colorblind or race-neutral understandings of the Constitution, advocates and commentators are …
Options For An Indigenous Economic Water Fund (Iewf), First Peoples' Water Engagement Council
Options For An Indigenous Economic Water Fund (Iewf), First Peoples' Water Engagement Council
Indigenous Water Justice Symposium (June 6)
Presenter: Phil Duncan, Gomeroi Nation, New South Wales Aboriginal Land Council
15 pages
Contains footnotes
"OPTIONS PAPER for the First Peoples' Water Engagement Council (FPWEC)"
"DATED 20 APRIL 2012"
Abstract: This paper highlights the options for a path forward to establish an Indigenous Economic Water Fund (IEWF) through acquisition of water entitlements1 by indigenous people in systems where the consumptive pool is fully allocated. The water allocation that comes from indigenous holdings in the consumptive pool is an important mechanism for enabling Indigenous communities to achieve economic development and as such is a legitimate strategy for ‘Closing the Gap’. …
Agenda: Indigenous Water Justice Symposium, University Of Colorado Boulder. Getches-Wilkinson Center For Natural Resources, Energy, And The Environment
Agenda: Indigenous Water Justice Symposium, University Of Colorado Boulder. Getches-Wilkinson Center For Natural Resources, Energy, And The Environment
Indigenous Water Justice Symposium (June 6)
Indigenous peoples throughout the world face diverse and often formidable challenges of what might be termed “water justice.” On one hand, these challenges involve issues of distributional justice that concern Indigenous communities’ relative abilities to access and use water for self-determined purposes. On the other hand, issues of procedural justice are frequently associated with water allocation and management, encompassing fundamental matters like representation within governance entities and participation in decision-making processes. Yet another realm of water justice in which disputes are commonplace relates to the persistence of, and respect afforded to, Indigenous communities’ cultural traditions and values surrounding water—more specifically, …
Indigenous Territorial Rights In The Common Law, Kent Mcneil
Indigenous Territorial Rights In The Common Law, Kent Mcneil
Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper Series
This chapter compares Indigenous territorial rights in the United States, Canada, Australia and New Zealand thematically under four headings: the sources, nature and content, proof, and protection of Indigenous rights. The first two are closely linked, as the nature and content of Indigenous rights are determined largely by their sources. Likewise, proof of Indigenous rights also depends on their sources. The protection they are accorded in any particular nation-state depends mainly on its constitution, with recent additional protection emerging in international law. The major premise of the chapter is that Indigenous rights are territorial, encompassing real property rights and governmental …
The Legislative History Of The Mccarran Amendment: An Effort To Determine Whether Congress Intended For State Court Jurisdiction To Extend To Indian Reserved Water Rights, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
The Legislative History Of The Mccarran Amendment: An Effort To Determine Whether Congress Intended For State Court Jurisdiction To Extend To Indian Reserved Water Rights, Dylan R. Hedden-Nicely
Articles
The year 1976 marked a sea change in federal policy regarding the treatment of American Indian tribes and their water rights. In that year, the Supreme Court of the United States was called upon to determine the scope of the McCarran Amendment, a rider on a federal appropriations bill that waived the sovereign immunity of the United States in state court general stream adjudications "where it appears that the United States is the owner or is in the process of acquiring water rights by appropriation under State law, by purchase, by exchange, or otherwise." The Supreme Court, in what has …
Adaptive Governance Of Water Resources Shared With Indigenous Peoples: The Role Of Law, Barbara Cosens
Adaptive Governance Of Water Resources Shared With Indigenous Peoples: The Role Of Law, Barbara Cosens
Articles
Adaptive governance is an emergent phenomenon resulting from the interaction of locally driven collaborative efforts with a hierarchy of governmental regulation and management and is thought to be capable of navigating social-ecological change as society responds to the effects of climate change. The assertion of Native American water rights on highly developed water systems in North America has triggered governance innovations that resemble certain aspects of adaptive governance, and have emerged to accommodate the need for Indigenous water development and restoration of cultural and ecological resources. Similar innovations are observed in the assertion of Indigenous voices in Australia. This presents …
Ocean Iron Fertilization And Indigenous Peoples' Right To Food: Leveraging International And Domestic Law Protections To Enhance Access To Salmon In The Pacific Northwest, Randall S. Abate
Journal Publications
Ocean iron fertilization (OIF) is a new and controversial climate change mitigation strategy that seeks to increase the carbon-absorbing capacity of ocean waters by depositing significant quantities of iron dust into the marine environment to stimulate the growth of phytoplankton blooms. The photosynthetic processes of these blooms absorb carbon from the atmosphere and sequester it to the ocean floor. OIF has been criticized on several grounds. including the foreseeable and unforeseeable adverse consequences it may cause to the marine environment, as well as the daunting challenge of reconciling several potentially overlapping sources of international and domestic environmental law, which may …
Commentary On The Ongoing Indigenous Political Enterprise: What's Law Got To Do With It?, Monica Hakimi
Commentary On The Ongoing Indigenous Political Enterprise: What's Law Got To Do With It?, Monica Hakimi
Other Publications
Professor Hakimi reviews Dalee Sambo Dorough's article, The Ongoing Indigenous Political Enterprise: What's Law Got to Do with It?, highlighting three tensions she defines within the article and the strengths and weaknesses of Dorough's examination of these three tensions.
Indigenous Lawyers In Canada: Identity, Professionalization, Law, Sonia Lawrence, Signa A. Daum Shanks
Indigenous Lawyers In Canada: Identity, Professionalization, Law, Sonia Lawrence, Signa A. Daum Shanks
Articles & Book Chapters
For Indigenous communities and individuals in Canada, "Canadian" law has been a mechanism of assimilation, colonial governance and dispossession, a basis for the assertion of rights, and a method of resistance. How do Indigenous lawyers in Canada make sense of these contradictory threads and their roles and responsibilities? This paper urges attention to the lives and experiences of Indigenous lawyers, noting that the number of self-identified Indigenous lawyers has been rapidly growing since the 1990s. At the same time, Indigenous scholars are focusing on the work of revitalizing Indigenous law and legal orders. Under these conditions, Indigenous lawyers occupy a …