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Articles 1 - 30 of 52
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Intelligent Analysis Of Utilization Of Special Purpose Machines For Drilling Operations, Majid Tolouei Rad
Intelligent Analysis Of Utilization Of Special Purpose Machines For Drilling Operations, Majid Tolouei Rad
Research outputs 2012
Drilling and drilling-related operations constitute more than 60% of all machining processes in manufacturing industries. Consequently, it is important to know how to perform these operations properly. With availability of many machining processes capable of performing drilling operations sometimes it is difficult to decide which process would result in a higher profit or a lower unit cost for a given task. Due to increasing global competition, manufacturing industries are now more concerned with their productivity and are more sensitive than ever to their investments with respect to flexibility and efficiency of production equipment (Boothroyd and Knight, 2005, Wecka and Staimer, …
Load-Bearing Capacity Of A Footing Resting On The Fly Ash Slope With Multi-Layer Reinforcements, K Gill, A Choudhary, J Jha, Sanjay Shukla
Load-Bearing Capacity Of A Footing Resting On The Fly Ash Slope With Multi-Layer Reinforcements, K Gill, A Choudhary, J Jha, Sanjay Shukla
Research outputs 2012
In several parts of the world, the disposal of waste materials like fly ash is a challenging task. The applications of fly ash as structural fills in foundations is one of the best solutions to disposal problems, because they can be used in large volumes in such application. There may be difficulty due to poor load-bearing capacity of fly ash, especially when footings rest on the top of the fly ash fill slope; but inclusion of polymeric reinforcements as horizontal sheets within the fill may be advantageous in improving the load-bearing capacity of reinforced fly ash slope. The aim of …
Microfluidic Channel Fabrication In Lithium Niobate Using Focused Ion Beam, M Sridhar, Devendra Maurya, J. R. Friend, L. Y. Yeo, Kamal Alameh
Microfluidic Channel Fabrication In Lithium Niobate Using Focused Ion Beam, M Sridhar, Devendra Maurya, J. R. Friend, L. Y. Yeo, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
Microfluidic channels are fabricated in lithium niobate (LN) by Focused Ion Beam (FIB) milling. 127.68° axis rotated Y-cut (SAW grade) and Z-cut LN wafers are used. Material removal rate is 0.34±0.02 µm3/nC for Y-cut sample and 0.30 ± 0.02µm/nC for Z-cut sample. Experimental results show that the material removal rate decreases at high ion doses and high aspect ratios due to the increased significance of material deposition at these conditions. We also demonstrate the suitability of FIB-milled nanochannels for micro/nanofluidic applications.
Droplet Manipulation Using Zno/Sapphire Based Saw Devices, S Kandasamy, Devendra Maurya, R T Tjeung, J. R. Friend, Kamal Alameh
Droplet Manipulation Using Zno/Sapphire Based Saw Devices, S Kandasamy, Devendra Maurya, R T Tjeung, J. R. Friend, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
The hybrid ZnO/Sapphire material is selected to exploit the collective benefits of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) and sapphire for the development of a high performance Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) device. The microfluidic applications of ZnO/Sapphire layered surface acoustic wave devices are discussed. In addition, acoustic streaming in droplets is investigated using a custom-made ZnO/Sapphire layered device. Experimental results show that a maximum acoustic streaming of ~600 µm/s is achieved when the device is operated at 158 MHz.
Garnet Nanocomposite For Use In Magnetic Photonic Crystals Prepared By Composition Adjustment In The Bi₃Fe₃O₁₂–Bi₂Dy₁Fe₄Ga₁ O₁₂ Material System, Mohammad Nur E Alam, Mikhail Vasiliev, Viatcheslav Kotov, Kamal Alameh
Garnet Nanocomposite For Use In Magnetic Photonic Crystals Prepared By Composition Adjustment In The Bi₃Fe₃O₁₂–Bi₂Dy₁Fe₄Ga₁ O₁₂ Material System, Mohammad Nur E Alam, Mikhail Vasiliev, Viatcheslav Kotov, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
RF co-sputtered nanocomposite (Bi3Fe5O12-Bi2Dy1Fe4Ga1O12) thin films are prepared using composition adjustment approach, implemented by varying the RF powers at each sputtering target. A new MO nanocomposite material is obtained by means of applying optimized annealing crystallization process to these as-deposited garnet layers. The optimally annealed garnet nanocomposites exhibit a significant red shift of the main MO transitions and show strong Faraday rotation of about 8.8°/μm at 532 nm simultaneously with having a high MO quality and magnetization direction perpendicular to the film plane.
Effect Of Substrate Temperature On The Magneto-Optic Properties Of Bi1.8lu1.2fe3.6al1.4o12 Garnet Films Prepared By Rf Sputtering, Mohammad Nur E Alam, Mikhail Vasiliev, Kamal Alameh
Effect Of Substrate Temperature On The Magneto-Optic Properties Of Bi1.8lu1.2fe3.6al1.4o12 Garnet Films Prepared By Rf Sputtering, Mohammad Nur E Alam, Mikhail Vasiliev, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
In this paper we present a study conducted on RF sputtered garnet films of composition type Bi1.8Lu1.2Fe3.6Al1.4O12 prepared by using low and high substrate temperatures during the deposition process inside the vacuum chamber of sputtering system. Comparatively low coercive force is achieved in garnet films prepared at high substrate temperature of 680°C simultaneously with high MO quality and almost in-plane magnetization direction, which are the properties desired in various MO sensing, switching and imaging applications.
High Contrast Tandem Organic Light Emitting Devices Employing Transparent Intermediate Nano Metal Layers And A Phase Shifting Layer, Baofu Ding, Kamal Alameh
High Contrast Tandem Organic Light Emitting Devices Employing Transparent Intermediate Nano Metal Layers And A Phase Shifting Layer, Baofu Ding, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
A high contrast-ratio organic light emitting device (OLED) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The OLED is implemented by stacking two organic phase tuning layers between composite metal layers and optimizing their thicknesses. Such a tandem device can increase the current efficiency by 120%, and reduce the operating voltage by 1.1 V, in comparison to conventional high contrast OLEDs. Measured reflection spectra validate the high-contrast capability of the OLED, and demonstrate experimentally an average reflectivity of 6% under ambient light illumination. This is the lowest reflectivity reported to date for OLEDs employing organic phase tuning layers.
Noise Suppression In Unshielded Magnetocardiography: Least-Mean Squared Algorithm Versus Genetic Algorithm, Valentina Tiporlini, Hoang Nguyen, Kamal Alameh
Noise Suppression In Unshielded Magnetocardiography: Least-Mean Squared Algorithm Versus Genetic Algorithm, Valentina Tiporlini, Hoang Nguyen, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
This paper discusses adaptive noise cancellation in magnetocardiographic systems within unshielded environment using two algorithms, namely, the Least-Mean Squared (LMS) algorithm and the Genetic Algorithm (GA). Simulation results show that the GA algorithm outperforms the LMS algorithm in extracting a weak heart signal from a much-stronger magnetic noise, with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of -35.8 dB. The GA algorithm displays an improvement in SNR of 37.4 dB and completely suppressing the noise sources at 60Hz and at low frequencies; while the LMS algorithm exhibits an improvement in SNR of 33 dB and noisier spectrum at low frequencies. The GA algorithm …
An Introduction To Climate Change, Geoffrey Swan
An Introduction To Climate Change, Geoffrey Swan
Research outputs 2012
A lecture presentation has been developed that introduces physics students to the science of climate change and its impact in society. Student feedback indicates a high level of satisfaction with the presentation.
Estimation Of Field Compaction Parameters, Sanjay Shukla, J Jha, K Gill, A Choudhary
Estimation Of Field Compaction Parameters, Sanjay Shukla, J Jha, K Gill, A Choudhary
Research outputs 2012
This paper describes the current Indian and Australian practices of the estimation of field compaction parameters (maximum dry unit weight and optimum moisture content) based on the laboratory compaction tests, which do not consider large-size particles of the field soil samples. The study indicates that in the absence of realistic estimation procedure, some pavements have failed due to the excessive settlement. A detailed derivation of improved expressions for determining the field compaction parameters is presented. The improved expressions would be useful for the pavements and earthworks and for developing the standards on the compaction tests for the field applications.
Improvement In Cbr Of The Expansive Soil Subgrades With A Single Reinforcement Layer, A Choudhary, K Gill, J Jha, Sanjay Shukla
Improvement In Cbr Of The Expansive Soil Subgrades With A Single Reinforcement Layer, A Choudhary, K Gill, J Jha, Sanjay Shukla
Research outputs 2012
The performance of a pavement is very sensitive to the characteristics of the soil subgrade, which provides a base for the whole pavement structure. It is therefore of utmost importance that the performance of such pavements is improved by adopting proper design and construction methodology. This paper presents the results of a series of California bearing ratio (CBR) and swell tests to evaluate the beneficial effects of placing a single layer of reinforcement horizontally at vmying depths fl·om the top smface of the subgrade soil. The position of the reinforcing layer is optimized for two different types of reinforcement namely, …
Enhanced Uv-Blue Response Of Back Illuminated Deep Double Junction Cmos Compatible Photodiode Pixels; A Simulation Study Of High Resolution Pixel Arrays, Paul Jansz, Steven Hinckley
Enhanced Uv-Blue Response Of Back Illuminated Deep Double Junction Cmos Compatible Photodiode Pixels; A Simulation Study Of High Resolution Pixel Arrays, Paul Jansz, Steven Hinckley
Research outputs 2012
Simulated backwall U/V blue illuminated double junction photodiode (DJPD) pixels demonstrate excellent crosstalk and sensitivity when substrate, guard and image wells were doped more highly and biased minimally. This configuration minimized each guard and image well depletion region (SCR) width, so that the image SCR could be presented as close as possible to the back wall without the guard and image SCRs overlapping between and within pixels.
Identifying Smart Conducting Materials For Wi-Fi Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, Wham Al-Shabib, Daryoush Habibi, Zonghan Xie, Xiaoli Zhao
Identifying Smart Conducting Materials For Wi-Fi Electromagnetic Interference Shielding, Wham Al-Shabib, Daryoush Habibi, Zonghan Xie, Xiaoli Zhao
Research outputs 2012
The objective of this paper is to identify a suitable coating material in order to tune the microwave radiation and produce absorption losses for Wi-Fi devices. It is also desirable to obtain high absorption losses outside the Wi-Fi microwave frequency range of 2.4 GHz. Literature reviews of several types of material are described and compared for the use of the selected material in order to coat a Wi-Fi device for the desired absorption losses for that device. The selected material for the Wi-Fi device is usually a metal material or a combination of metals like Aluminium in polymer matrix with …
Tunable Polarization-Maintaining Single-Mode Fiber Laser Based On A Mems Processor, Xiao Chen, Kui-Zhi Huang, Yi-Quan Wang, Fei-Jun Song, Gen-Xiang Chen, Xin-Zhu Sang, Bin-Bin Yan, Feng Xiao, Kamal Alameh
Tunable Polarization-Maintaining Single-Mode Fiber Laser Based On A Mems Processor, Xiao Chen, Kui-Zhi Huang, Yi-Quan Wang, Fei-Jun Song, Gen-Xiang Chen, Xin-Zhu Sang, Bin-Bin Yan, Feng Xiao, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
A tunable from the C-band polarization-maintaining single-mode fiber laser is proposed based on a MEMS processor. The MEMS processor can select any part of the gain spectrum from the EDFA into a fiber ring, leading to a high-quality laser output.
Mimo Lyapunov Theory-Based Rbf Neural Classifier For Traffic Sign Recognition, King Hann Lim, Kha Phooi Seng, Li-Minn Ang
Mimo Lyapunov Theory-Based Rbf Neural Classifier For Traffic Sign Recognition, King Hann Lim, Kha Phooi Seng, Li-Minn Ang
Research outputs 2012
Lyapunov theory-based radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is developed for traffic sign recognition in this paper to perform multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) classification. Multidimensional input is inserted into RBF nodes and these nodes are linked with multiple weights. An iterative weight adaptation scheme is hence designed with regards to the Lyapunov stability theory to obtain a set of optimum weights. In the design, the Lyapunov function has to be well selected to construct an energy space with a single global minimum. Weight gain is formed later to obey the Lyapunov stability theory. Detail analysis and discussion on the …
River Flow Lane Detection And Kalman Filtering-Based B-Spline Lane Tracking, King Hann Lim, Kah Phooi Seng, Li-Minn Ang
River Flow Lane Detection And Kalman Filtering-Based B-Spline Lane Tracking, King Hann Lim, Kah Phooi Seng, Li-Minn Ang
Research outputs 2012
A novel lane detection technique using adaptive line segment and river flow method is proposed in this paper to estimate driving lane edges. A Kalman filtering-based B-spline tracking model is also presented to quickly predict lane boundaries in consecutive frames. Firstly, sky region and road shadows are removed by applying a regional dividing method and road region analysis, respectively. Next, the change of lane orientation is monitored in order to define an adaptive line segment separating the region into near and far fields. In the near field, a 1D Hough transform is used to approximate a pair of lane boundaries. …
An Adaptive Lossless Data Compression Scheme For Wireless Sensor Networks, Jonathan Gana Kolo, S. Andan Shanmugam, David Wee Gin Lim, Li-Minn Ang, Kah Phooi Seng
An Adaptive Lossless Data Compression Scheme For Wireless Sensor Networks, Jonathan Gana Kolo, S. Andan Shanmugam, David Wee Gin Lim, Li-Minn Ang, Kah Phooi Seng
Research outputs 2012
Energy is an important consideration in the design and deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) since sensor nodes are typically powered by batteries with limited capacity. Since the communication unit on a wireless sensor node is the major power consumer, data compression is one of possible techniques that can help reduce the amount of data exchanged between wireless sensor nodes resulting in power saving. However, wireless sensor networks possess significant limitations in communication, processing, storage, bandwidth, and power. Thus, any data compression scheme proposed for WSNs must be lightweight. In this paper, we present an adaptive lossless data compression (ALDC) …
Measurement And Simulation Of Dissolved Oxygen In Zayandehrood River, Ahmad Reza Rahsepar, Mehdi Khiadani, Mohammad Mehdi Amin
Measurement And Simulation Of Dissolved Oxygen In Zayandehrood River, Ahmad Reza Rahsepar, Mehdi Khiadani, Mohammad Mehdi Amin
Research outputs 2012
Aims: This study aims to simulate dissolved oxygen of Zayandehrood river from regulating dam to Polle-Kalleh bridge using MIKE11 software that is a hydrodynamics and water quality model. Materials and Methods: During 5 months the samples were taken from four hydrometric stations and water quality parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH, BOD (1 day, 3 days, 5 days, and 7 days), NH 4 , NO 3 - phosphate (PO4 3- ), and temperature were measured. Morphological and hydrological data were provided and introduced into the model. The model was calibrated and its accuracy was investigated. Results: The results indicated that …
Fabry-Perot-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors, Feng Xiao, Guangyuan Li, Kamal Alameh, Anshi Xu
Fabry-Perot-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors, Feng Xiao, Guangyuan Li, Kamal Alameh, Anshi Xu
Research outputs 2012
A new sensing approach based on the use of an optical Fabry-Pérot (FP) cavity in conjunction with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is proposed and theoretically investigated. The impact of the SPR on the intensity and phase response of the proposed sensor structure is evaluated using a modified FP model that takes into account the SPR effect. Compared to the conventional optical-phase-detection-based Kretschmann configuration, the proposed sensing approach requires only the measurement of the output power spectrum over a narrow wavelength span of several nanometers to evaluate the phase responses of the sensor, making it more attractive for practical high-sensitivity sensing …
Theory, Figures Of Merit, And Design Recipe Of The Plasmonic Structure Composed Of A Nano-Slit Aperture Surrounded By Surface Corrugations, Guangyuan Li, Feng Xiao, Kun Li, Kamal Alameh, Anshi Xu
Theory, Figures Of Merit, And Design Recipe Of The Plasmonic Structure Composed Of A Nano-Slit Aperture Surrounded By Surface Corrugations, Guangyuan Li, Feng Xiao, Kun Li, Kamal Alameh, Anshi Xu
Research outputs 2012
We theoretically investigate a widely-used plasmonic structure composed of a nano-slit aperture surrounded by surface corrugations. A systematical semi-analytical theory in form of two nested coupled-mode models is developed to provide intuitive physical pictures. Based on the theory, figures of merit (FoMs) of the structures designed for normal and for oblique incidence/beaming are defined for the first time to incorporate the interlinks among key structural parameters, making global optimization simple and efficient. Both the theory and the FoMs are quantitatively validated with exhaustive calculations and shown to be highly accurate on performance prediction and structural optimization. With the theory and …
Gaas Based Long-Wavelength Microring Resonator Optical Switches Utilising Bias Assisted Carrier-Injection Induced Refractive Index Change, S Ravindran, A Datta, Kamal Alameh, Yong Tak Lee
Gaas Based Long-Wavelength Microring Resonator Optical Switches Utilising Bias Assisted Carrier-Injection Induced Refractive Index Change, S Ravindran, A Datta, Kamal Alameh, Yong Tak Lee
Research outputs 2012
We propose and analyse a GaAs-based optical switch having a ring resonator configuration which can switch optical telecommunication signals over the 1300 nm and 1500 nm bands, using bias assisted carrier injection as the switching mechanism. The switching is achieved through variation in the refractive index of the ring resonator produced by changing the injected carrier density through the application of bias voltage. Detail analysis of the switching characteristics reveals that the amount of switching depends on the refractive index change, which indeed is a strong function of injected carrier density and applied bias voltage. An isolation of 25 dB …
Visual Saliency Based On Fast Nonparametric Multidimensional Entropy Estimation, A. C. Ngo, G. Qiu, G. Underwood, Li-Minn Ang, K. P. Seng
Visual Saliency Based On Fast Nonparametric Multidimensional Entropy Estimation, A. C. Ngo, G. Qiu, G. Underwood, Li-Minn Ang, K. P. Seng
Research outputs 2012
Bottom-up visual saliency can be computed through information theoretic models but existing methods face significant computational challenges. Whilst nonparametric methods suffer from the curse of dimensionality problem and are computationally expensive, parametric approaches have the difficulty of determining the shape parameters of the distribution models. This paper makes two contributions to information theoretic based visual saliency models. First, we formulate visual saliency as center surround conditional entropy which gives a direct and intuitive interpretation of the center surround mechanism under the information theoretic framework. Second, and more importantly, we introduce a fast nonparametric multidimensional entropy estimation solution to make information …
Modeling Of Low Coherence Interferometry Using Broadband Multi-Gaussian Light Sources, Paul Jansz, Steven Richardson, Graham Wild, Steven Hinckley
Modeling Of Low Coherence Interferometry Using Broadband Multi-Gaussian Light Sources, Paul Jansz, Steven Richardson, Graham Wild, Steven Hinckley
Research outputs 2012
Using a low coherence interferometry (LCI) model, a comparison of broadband single-Gaussian and multi-Gaussian light sources has been undertaken. For single-Gaussian sources, the axial resolution improves with the source bandwidth, confirming the coherence length relation that the resolution for single Gaussian sources improves with increasing spectral bandwidth. However, narrow bandwidth light sources result in interferograms with overlapping strata peaks and the loss of individual strata information. For multiple-Gaussian sources with the same bandwidth, spectral side lobes increase, reducing A-scan reliability to show accurate layer information without eliminating the side lobes. The simulations show the conditions needed for the resolution of …
High Contrast Tandem Organic Light Emitting Devices, Baofu Ding, Xiao-Yuan Hou, Kamal Alameh
High Contrast Tandem Organic Light Emitting Devices, Baofu Ding, Xiao-Yuan Hou, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
A high contrast-ratio organic light emitting device (OLED) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The OLED is implemented by stacking two organic phase tuning (PT) layers between composite metal layers and optimizing their thicknesses. Such a tandem device can increase the current efficiency by 98%, and reduce the operating voltage by 1.04 V, in comparison to conventional high contrast OLEDs. Measured reflection spectra validate the high-contrast capability of the OLED, and demonstrate experimentally an average reflectivity of 6% under ambient light illumination. This is the lowest reflectivity reported to date for OLEDs employing organic phase tuning layers.
High-Contrast Tandem Organic Light-Emitting Devices Employing Semitransparent Intermediate Layers Of Lif/Al/C60, Baofu Ding, Kamal Alameh
High-Contrast Tandem Organic Light-Emitting Devices Employing Semitransparent Intermediate Layers Of Lif/Al/C60, Baofu Ding, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
The use of a black cathode with a metal-organic-metal structure is an attractive approach to achieving a high-contrast organic light-emitting device (OLED) for future-generation flat panel displays. However, the large reduction in OLED power efficiency is currently restricting the use of the black cathode for industrial applications. In this paper, a high-contrast, high-efficiency tandem OLED employing a black cathode is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The OLED is implemented by stacking two organic phase tuning layers between a composite intermediate layer of LiF/Al/C60 and LiF/Al and optimizing their thicknesses. Electroluminescence spectra and brightness-current measurement reveal that the phase tuning layer emits …
Finite Element Analysis Of Laterally Loaded Piles In Sloping Ground, Vishwas Sawant, Sanjay Shukla
Finite Element Analysis Of Laterally Loaded Piles In Sloping Ground, Vishwas Sawant, Sanjay Shukla
Research outputs 2012
The available analytical methods of analysis for laterally loaded piles in level ground cannot be directly applied to such piles in sloping ground. With the commercially available software, the simulation of the appropriate field condition is a challenging task, and the results are subjective. Therefore, it becomes essential to understand the process of development of a user-framed numerical formulation, which may be used easily as per the specific site conditions without depending on other indirect methods of analysis as well as on the software. In the present study, a detailed three-dimensional finite element formulation is presented for the analysis of …
Performance Of Reconfigurable Free-Space Card-To-Card Optical Interconnects Under Atmospheric Turbulence, Ke Wang, Ampalavanapillai Nirmalathas, Christina Lim, Efstratios Skafidas, Kamal Alameh
Performance Of Reconfigurable Free-Space Card-To-Card Optical Interconnects Under Atmospheric Turbulence, Ke Wang, Ampalavanapillai Nirmalathas, Christina Lim, Efstratios Skafidas, Kamal Alameh
Research outputs 2012
Free-space based card-to-card optical interconnects are promising candidates for the provision of parallel high-speed and reconfigurable interconnectivity in data-centers and high-performance computing clusters. However, the atmospheric turbulence may degrade the interconnect performance due to the beam wander, signal scintillation, and beam broadening effects. In this paper, the experimental investigation of the impact of both moderate and comparatively strong atmospheric turbulence on the bit-error-rate (BER) performance of our proposed reconfigurable free-space card-to-card optical interconnects is presented. Experimental results show that the BER performance does suffer power penalties of ∼0.5 dB and ∼1.6 dB at BER of 10 -9 under moderate and …
Performance Of Termite-Hill Routing Algorithm On Sink Mobility In Wireless Sensor Networks, Adamu M Zungeru, Li-Minn Ang, Kah Phooi Seng
Performance Of Termite-Hill Routing Algorithm On Sink Mobility In Wireless Sensor Networks, Adamu M Zungeru, Li-Minn Ang, Kah Phooi Seng
Research outputs 2012
High efficient and energy-aware routing is an important issue for the design of resource constrained environments like Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Many protocols have been developed for WSN that try to overcome the constraints that characterized this type of networks. Termite based routing protocols can add a significant contribution to assist in the maximization of the network lifetime without performance degradation. But this is only possible by means of an adaptable and balanced algorithm that takes into account the main constraints of WSN. This paper presents a biological inspired self-organized routing protocol for WSN which is based on termite colony …
Polymer Hot Embossing With Soft Stamps, Devendra Maurya, Sasikaran Kandasamy, F Lapierre, Kamal Alameh, Y Zhu
Polymer Hot Embossing With Soft Stamps, Devendra Maurya, Sasikaran Kandasamy, F Lapierre, Kamal Alameh, Y Zhu
Research outputs 2012
Microfluidic channels are fabricated in thick polycarbonate (PC) substrates by hot embossing using soft poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamps. The embossing force is in the range of 2.5-3 kN for a 4-inch diameter substrate, and the embossed microchannel is 70 μm deep. We investigate the influence of soft stamp precursor and curing agent mix ratio, and post thermal treatment on embossing conditions. Experimental results show that a soft stamp fabricated with 5:1 mix ratio and post-annealed at 150c results in better embossing properties than conventional un-annealed stamps.
Improving Mobile Color 2d-Barcode Jpeg Image Readability Using Dct Coefficient Distributions, Keng Tiong (Alf) Tan, Douglas Chai
Improving Mobile Color 2d-Barcode Jpeg Image Readability Using Dct Coefficient Distributions, Keng Tiong (Alf) Tan, Douglas Chai
Research outputs 2012
Two dimensional (2D) barcodes are becoming a pervasive interface for mobile devices, such as camera smartphones. Often, only monochrome 2D-barcodes are used due to their robustness in an uncontrolled operating environment of smartphones. Nonetheless, we are seeing an emerging use of color 2D-barcodes for camera smartphones. Most smartphones capture and store such 2D-barcode images in the baseline JPEG format. As a lossy compression technique, JPEG does introduce a fair amount of error in the captured 2D-barcode images. In this paper, we analyzed the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficient distributions of generalized 2D-barcodes using colored data cells, each comprising of 4, …