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Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Retention Of Swine Slurry Constituents In Soil And Crop Residue As Affected By Setback Distance, John E. Gilley, Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt, Kent M. Eskridge, Xu Li, Amy M. Schmidt, Daniel D. Snow
Retention Of Swine Slurry Constituents In Soil And Crop Residue As Affected By Setback Distance, John E. Gilley, Shannon L. Bartelt-Hunt, Kent M. Eskridge, Xu Li, Amy M. Schmidt, Daniel D. Snow
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Setbacks are prescribed distances from surface waters within which manure application is not allowed. Little information is available concerning the retention of swine slurry constituents in soil and crop residue materials within setback areas. This study was conducted to measure the retention of selected constituents within a setback area following the upslope application of swine slurry and the introduction of simulated rainfall. The no-till cropland site had a slope gradient of 4.9% and a mean winter wheat residue cover of 7.73 Mg ha−1 . Soil and vegetative samples were collected on 3.7 m wide by 23.2 m long plots with …
Heterogeneity Of Infiltration Rates In Alluvial Floodplains As Measured With A Berm Infiltration Technique, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Daniel E. Storm
Heterogeneity Of Infiltration Rates In Alluvial Floodplains As Measured With A Berm Infiltration Technique, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Daniel E. Storm
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Hydrologic heterogeneities (e.g., macropores and gravel outcrops) in floodplains are hypothesized to play an integral role in impacting flow and leaching between the soil surface and shallow alluvial aquifers, which are intricately connected to streams. Infiltration is often assumed to be uniform, but this neglects the spatial variability common in anisotropic, heterogeneous alluvial floodplain soils. The objective of this research was to quantify infiltration and hydraulic conductivity across a range of scales (point to 100 m2) using a berm infiltration technique. Plot-scale leaching experiments were performed across a range of soil types at each of three floodplain sites …
Finite Element Modeling Of Long-Term Phosphorus Leaching Through Macropores In The Ozark Ecoregion, Ryan P. Freiberger, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Chad J. Penn, Dean E. Eisenhauer
Finite Element Modeling Of Long-Term Phosphorus Leaching Through Macropores In The Ozark Ecoregion, Ryan P. Freiberger, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Chad J. Penn, Dean E. Eisenhauer
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Phosphorus (P) is a critical nutrient for plant growth in agriculture, but is also responsible for surface water enrichment that leads to toxic algal growth. While P loading to surface waters has traditionally been thought to occur from surface runoff, contributions from subsurface transport can also be significant. While P transport through many soil types is well-documented, the presence of highly conductive gravel outcrops and macropore networks can have a significant, yet poorly-documented effect on P movement to the aquifer. Floodplain soils in the Ozark ecoregion generally contain coarse chert gravel layers that exhibit macropore behavior. Previous research has evaluated …
Berm Method For Quantification Of Infiltration At The Plot Scale In High Conductivity Soils, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Daniel E. Storm
Berm Method For Quantification Of Infiltration At The Plot Scale In High Conductivity Soils, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Daniel E. Storm
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Measuring infiltration at the plot scale is difficult, especially for high hydraulic conductivity soils. At the plot scale, the infiltration rate is usually calculated by comparing surface runoff to rainfall. Direct measurement of infiltration beyond the point scale is typically limited to locations where land forming (e.g., infiltration pond) has been performed or fields with basin irrigation systems. The standard method for field measurement of point-scale infiltration is the double ring infiltrometer, which is limited in size (typically 30 cm diameter). In this research, a new method is proposed that uses a temporary berm constructed of a water-filled 15-cm diameter …
Impact Of Measurement Scale On Infiltration And Phosphorus Leaching In Ozark Floodplains, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Daniel E. Storm, Brian E. Haggard, Chad J. Penn, Todd Halihan
Impact Of Measurement Scale On Infiltration And Phosphorus Leaching In Ozark Floodplains, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Daniel E. Storm, Brian E. Haggard, Chad J. Penn, Todd Halihan
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Increased nutrient loads have resulted in several adverse impacts on surface water quality, including excessive algal growth, fish kills, and drinking water taste and odor issues across the United States and especially in the Ozark ecoregion of northeastern Oklahoma and northwestern Arkansas. The significance of this problem has been highlighted by litigation, with one case even reaching the U.S. Supreme Court (Arkansas et al. v. Oklahoma et al., 503 U.S. 91) which required the upstream state to meet downstream water quality standards. The overarching objective of this line of research was to characterize phosphorus leaching to alluvial aquifers in the …
Finite Element Modeling Of Phosphorus Leaching Through Floodplain Soils Dominated By Preferential Flow Pathways, Ryan P. Freiberger, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox
Finite Element Modeling Of Phosphorus Leaching Through Floodplain Soils Dominated By Preferential Flow Pathways, Ryan P. Freiberger, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Phosphorus is a critical nutrient in soils, providing both positive and negative effects to different systems. While optimum crop growth requires a range of P above 0.2 mg/L, preventing surface water enrichment generally requires P to be below 0.03 mg/L. Proper application and control of phosphorus is important to increase farming efficiency and to protect freshwater systems from toxic algal growth. While the movement of phosphorus through many soil types has been well-documented, the presence of highly conductive, gravel outcrops and macropores in soil can have a significant, poorly-documented effect on phosphorus movement. In the Ozark ecoregion, for example, the …
Berm Method For Quantification Of Infiltration And Leaching At The Plot Scale In High Conductivity Soils, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Daniel E. Storm
Berm Method For Quantification Of Infiltration And Leaching At The Plot Scale In High Conductivity Soils, Derek M. Heeren, Garey A. Fox, Daniel E. Storm
Biological Systems Engineering: Papers and Publications
Measuring infiltration and leaching at the plot scale is difficult, especially for high hydraulic conductivity soils. Infiltration rate has been indirectly calculated at the plot scale by comparing surface runoff to rainfall. Direct measurement of infiltration and leaching beyond the point scale is typically limited to locations where land forming has been performed, e.g. infiltration ponds and fields with basin irrigation. The standard method for field measurement of infiltration is a double ring infiltrometer, which is limited in size (typically 30 cm diameter). In this research, a new method is proposed that uses a temporary berm constructed of a water …