Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Engineering Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Publications and Research

2011

Articles 1 - 10 of 10

Full-Text Articles in Engineering

Migration And Invasion Of Brain Tumors, Richard A. Able, Jr., Veronica Dudu, Maribel Vazquez Nov 2011

Migration And Invasion Of Brain Tumors, Richard A. Able, Jr., Veronica Dudu, Maribel Vazquez

Publications and Research

Recent advances in molecular biology have led to new insights in the development, growth and infiltrative behaviors of primary brain tumors (Demuth and Berens, 2004; Huse and Holland, 2010; Johnson et al., 2009; Kanu et al., 2009). These tumors are derived from various brain cell lineages and have been historically classified on the basis of morphological and, more recently, immunohistochemical features with less emphasis on their underlying molecular pathogenesis (Huse and Holland, 2010). The detailed molecular characterization of brain tumors has laid the groundwork for augmentation of standard treatment with patient-specific designed targeted therapies (Johnson et al., 2009; Kanu et …

Go to article

Fabrication Of Size-Tunable Metallic Nanoparticles Using Plasmid Dna As A Biomolecular Reactor, Jacopo Samson, Irene Piscopo, Alex Yampolski, Patrick Nahirney, Andrea Parpas, Amit Aggarwal, Raihan Saleh, Charles Michael Drain Oct 2011

Fabrication Of Size-Tunable Metallic Nanoparticles Using Plasmid Dna As A Biomolecular Reactor, Jacopo Samson, Irene Piscopo, Alex Yampolski, Patrick Nahirney, Andrea Parpas, Amit Aggarwal, Raihan Saleh, Charles Michael Drain

Publications and Research

Plasmid DNA can be used as a template to yield gold, palladium, silver, and chromium nanoparticles of different sizes based on variations in incubation time at 70 °C with gold phosphine complexes, with the acetates of silver or palladium, or chromium acetylacetonate. The employment of mild synthetic conditions, minimal procedural steps, and aqueous solvents makes this method environmentally greener and ensures general feasibility. The use of plasmids exploits the capabilities of the biotechnology industry as a source of nanoreactor materials.

Go to article

Dissemination Of Geological Information In Avoiding Geotechnical Risks Associated With Tunnel Construction: Lessons Learned From Deep Voids In Marble In Lower Manhattan, New York City, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Stanley Schleifer, Masud Ahmed, Leah Scott Oct 2011

Dissemination Of Geological Information In Avoiding Geotechnical Risks Associated With Tunnel Construction: Lessons Learned From Deep Voids In Marble In Lower Manhattan, New York City, Nazrul I. Khandaker, Stanley Schleifer, Masud Ahmed, Leah Scott

Publications and Research

Test boring associated with the recently accomplished City Water Tunnel # 3 in Manhattan, New York City revealed moderately to highly weathered marble with insoluble silicate residues composed mostly of phlogopite, chlorite, and tremolite. Apparent control on the weatherability of the marble was in response to original mineral constituents dominating this lithology. Encountered marble samples ranged between pure calcitic to mixed dolomitic/siliceous types. Fresh marble samples collected from adjacent boring locations revealed characteristic geochemical data: Lime (25-45%), Silica (4-7%), Alumina (1-3%), MgO (5-20%), and LOI (35-42%); compressive strength of unweathered marble varied between 2000-3000 Kg/cm2. Relict foliations with …

Go to article

Bitten By The Science Bug (Nycsef 2011), Maribel Vazquez Mar 2011

Bitten By The Science Bug (Nycsef 2011), Maribel Vazquez

Publications and Research

The invited keynote address to the participants of the final round of the 2011 New York City Science and Engineering Fair (NYCSeF) at the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH).

Go to article

The Sensitivity Of Land Emissivity Estimates From Amsr-E As C And X Bands To Surface Properties, Hamid Norouzi, Marouane Temimi, William B. Rossow, Cindy Pearl, M. Azarderakhsh, Reza Khanbilvardi Jan 2011

The Sensitivity Of Land Emissivity Estimates From Amsr-E As C And X Bands To Surface Properties, Hamid Norouzi, Marouane Temimi, William B. Rossow, Cindy Pearl, M. Azarderakhsh, Reza Khanbilvardi

Publications and Research

Microwave observations at low frequencies exhibit more sensitivity to surface and subsurface properties with little interference from the atmosphere. The objective of this study is to develop a global land emissivity product using passive microwave observations from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer – Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) and to investigate its sensitivity to land surface properties. The developed product complements existing land emissivity products from SSM/I and AMSU by adding land emissivity estimates at two lower frequencies, 6.9 and 10.65 GHz (C- and X-band, respectively). Observations at these low frequencies penetrate deeper into the soil layer. Ancillary data used in …

Go to article

Bias Correction Of Satellite Rainfall Estimation Using A Radar-Gauge Product, Kibrewossen Tesfagiorgis, Shayesteh E. Mahani, Nir Y. Krakauer, Reza Khanbilvardi Jan 2011

Bias Correction Of Satellite Rainfall Estimation Using A Radar-Gauge Product, Kibrewossen Tesfagiorgis, Shayesteh E. Mahani, Nir Y. Krakauer, Reza Khanbilvardi

Publications and Research

Hourly Satellite Precipitation Estimates (SPEs) may be the only available source of information for operational hydrologic and flash flood prediction due to spatial limitations of radar and gauge products. SPEs are prone to larger systematic errors and more uncertainty sources in comparison with ground based radar and gauge precipitation products. The present work develops an approach to seamlessly blend satellite, radar and gauge products to fill gaps in ground-based data. To mix different rainfall products, the bias of any of the products relative to each other should be removed. The study presents and tests a proposed ensemblebased method which aims …

Go to article

Brooklyn's Thirst, Long Island's Water: Consolidation, Local Control, And The Aquifer, Jeffrey A. Kroessler Jan 2011

Brooklyn's Thirst, Long Island's Water: Consolidation, Local Control, And The Aquifer, Jeffrey A. Kroessler

Publications and Research

The creation of greater New York City in 1898 promised a solution to the problem of supplying Brooklyn and Queens with water. In the 1850s, the City of Brooklyn tapped ponds and streams on the south side of Queens County, and in the 1880s, dug wells for additional supply. This lowered the water table and caused problems for farmers and oystermen, many of whom sued the city for damages. Ultimately, salt water seeped into some wells from over-pumping. By 1896, Brooklyn’s system had reached its limit. Prevented by the state legislature from tapping the aquifer beneath Suffolk’s Pine Barrens, the …

Go to article

Flight Control Design For A Tailless Aircraft Using Eigenstructure Assignment, Clara Nieto-Wire, Kenneth Sobel Jan 2011

Flight Control Design For A Tailless Aircraft Using Eigenstructure Assignment, Clara Nieto-Wire, Kenneth Sobel

Publications and Research

We apply eigenstructure assignment to the design of a flight control system for a wind tunnel model of a tailless aircraft. The aircraft, known as the innovative control effectors (ICEs) aircraft, has unconventional control surfaces plus pitch and yaw thrust vectoring. We linearize the aircraft in straight and level flight at an altitude of 15,000 feet and Mach number 0.4. Then, we separately design flight control systems for the longitudinal and lateral dynamics. We use a control allocation scheme with weights so that the lateral pseudoinputs are yaw and roll moment, and the longitudinal pseudoinput is pitching moment. In contrast …

Go to article

A Multi-Temporal Analysis Of Amsr-E Data For Flood And Discharge Monitoring During The 2008 Flood In Iowa, Marouane Temimi, Teodosio Lacava, Tarendra Lakhankar, Valerio Tramutoli, Hosni Ghedira, Riadh Ata, Reza Khanbilvardi Jan 2011

A Multi-Temporal Analysis Of Amsr-E Data For Flood And Discharge Monitoring During The 2008 Flood In Iowa, Marouane Temimi, Teodosio Lacava, Tarendra Lakhankar, Valerio Tramutoli, Hosni Ghedira, Riadh Ata, Reza Khanbilvardi

Publications and Research

The objective of this work is to demonstrate the potential of using passive microwave data to monitor flood and discharge conditions and to infer watershed hydraulic and hydrologic parameters. The case study is the major flood in Iowa in summer 2008. A new Polarisation Ratio Variation Index (PRVI) was developed based on a multi-temporal analysis of 37 GHz satellite imagery from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) to calculate and detect anomalies in soil moisture and/or inundated areas. The Robust Satellite Technique (RST) which is a change detection approach based on the analysis of historical satellite records was adopted. A …

Go to article

Diagnosing Water Variations Within The Amazon Basin Using Satellite Data, Marzieh Azarderakhsh, William B. Rossow, Fabrice Papa, Hamidreza Norouzi, Reza Khanbilvardi Jan 2011

Diagnosing Water Variations Within The Amazon Basin Using Satellite Data, Marzieh Azarderakhsh, William B. Rossow, Fabrice Papa, Hamidreza Norouzi, Reza Khanbilvardi

Publications and Research

The components of the Amazon water budget and their spatiotemporal variability are diagnosed using monthly averaged remote sensing‐based data products for the period September 2002‐December 2006. The large Amazon basin is divided into 14 smaller watersheds, and for each of these sub‐basins, fresh water discharge is estimated from the water balance equation using satellite data products. The purpose of this study is to learn how to apply satellite data with global coverage over the large tropical regions; therefore several combinations of remote sensing estimates including total water storage changes, precipitation and evapotranspiration. The results are compared to gauge‐based measurements and …

Go to article