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Articles 1 - 30 of 36
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
A Novel Concrete-Based Sensor For Detection Of Ice And Water On Roads And Bridges, Habib Tabatabai, Mohammed Aljuboori
A Novel Concrete-Based Sensor For Detection Of Ice And Water On Roads And Bridges, Habib Tabatabai, Mohammed Aljuboori
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Articles
Hundreds of people are killed or injured annually in the United States in accidents related to ice formation on roadways and bridge decks. In this paper, a novel embedded sensor system is proposed for the detection of black ice as well as wet, dry and frozen pavement conditions on roads, runways, and bridges. The proposed sensor works by detecting changes in electrical resistance between two sets of stainless steel poles embedded in the concrete sensor to assess surface and near-surface conditions. A preliminary decision algorithm is developed that utilizes sensor outputs indicating resistance changes and surface temperature. The sensor consists …
Testing And Modeling Of The Thixotropic Behavior Of Cementitious Materials., Bashir Hasanzadeh
Testing And Modeling Of The Thixotropic Behavior Of Cementitious Materials., Bashir Hasanzadeh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
During construction, concrete goes under various operations. It is normally transported to the job site, be placed and consolidated in the formwork, etc. The easiness and quality of these operations are very much related to the intrinsic rheological properties of concrete. Therefore, a good understanding of rheological behavior of concrete under various conditions are needed. Thixotropy is an important part of rheology. The thixotropic behaviors of concrete can be good representatives of its flow behaviors on the job site. For example, the breakdown aspect of thixotropy can help to explain how its flow behavior can impact concrete pumping and its …
Experimental And Simplified Analytical Investigation Of Full Scale Sandwich Panel Walls, Salam Adil. Al-Rubaye
Experimental And Simplified Analytical Investigation Of Full Scale Sandwich Panel Walls, Salam Adil. Al-Rubaye
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Concrete sandwich wall panels have been used for decades in the precast concrete construction industry because of their thermal efficiency. To achieve full or partial-composite action in concrete sandwich panel walls, the engineer must obtain a percent composite action from a connector manufacturer, making some engineers uncomfortable. Engineers are dependent upon the recommendations given by the connector manufacturers to establish their designs. This project tested six full scale sandwich panel walls to evaluate the percent composite action of various connectors and compare the results to those provided by the composite connector manufacturers.
This project aimed to validate current procedures using …
Investigation Of Concrete Electrical Resistivity As A Performance Based Test, Amir Malakooti
Investigation Of Concrete Electrical Resistivity As A Performance Based Test, Amir Malakooti
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The purpose of this research project was to identify the extent that concrete resistivity measurements (bulk and/or surface) can be used as a performance based lab test to improve the quality of concrete in Utah bridge decks. By allowing UDOT to specify a required resistivity, concrete bridge deck quality will increase and future maintenance costs will decrease.
This research consisted of two phases: the field phase and the lab phase. In the field phase, concrete samples were gathered from local concrete producers in Utah. These concrete samples were made with common concrete mixes used in bridge decks across the state …
Applying Modern Technology In The Preservation Of Historic Concrete Picnic Tables, Michele M. Anderson
Applying Modern Technology In The Preservation Of Historic Concrete Picnic Tables, Michele M. Anderson
Civil Engineering ETDs
Preserving historical concrete structures recognizes the work and skills of past generations and allows the communities surrounding these pieces of history the opportunity to enjoy the character and purpose of their construction. Restoration of concrete picnic tables, constructed in the 1930s by the Civilian Conservation Corps, required researching materials and methods of construction during the original construction period. Eight decades of environmental and weather cycles did not decay the historic structures. Acts of vandalism destroyed the purpose of the tables and benches. Restoration of the historic picnic tables required extensive literature review for the materials and methods used during the …
State-Based Peridynamic Particle Method, Siavash Nikravesh Kazeroni
State-Based Peridynamic Particle Method, Siavash Nikravesh Kazeroni
Civil Engineering ETDs
In this study, a novel discrete Peridynamics framework called the “State-Based Peridynamic Particle Model (SPPM)” is introduced. In this approach, a solid body is simulated by neither solving differential equations nor integral equations; instead, the simulation is accomplished by directly solving discrete systems of equations using finite summations. SPPM is formulated for a random distribution of particles, hence, it can be considered as a meshfree method. The assumptions of continuity and homogeneity are not necessary for this approach. The SPPM is a generalization of the “State-Based Peridynamic Lattice Model (SPLM)”. In the SPLM formulation, for sake of simplicity and computational …
Reducing The Porosity And Sealing Cracks By Using Crystalline Admixture In Conventional Concrete, Visar Krelani, Liberato Ferrara
Reducing The Porosity And Sealing Cracks By Using Crystalline Admixture In Conventional Concrete, Visar Krelani, Liberato Ferrara
UBT International Conference
There is a continuous increase of quality on civil engineering materials in developed countries and parallel increase of need for new constructions in developing countries. Professional community should propose solutions for the durability that can resist in different severe environments. The most important factor that can affect concrete durability is represented by the pore distribution. Transport properties can take place through the porous network inside the cementitious composites and the aggregates interface, permitting the ingress of aggressive agents damaging concrete function intrinsically as a material and the wellfunctioning of the entire structure. The use of a crystalline admixture during the …
Using Of Proper Pavement Material For The Intersections With Slow-Moving Traffic, Bekim Selimi
Using Of Proper Pavement Material For The Intersections With Slow-Moving Traffic, Bekim Selimi
UBT International Conference
Use of proper pavement material for some of intersections need special attention by road designers. At Camp Bondsteel-Kosovo on 2002 were built four road intersections using the concrete as pavement material. Heavy and slow-moving trucks that are turning or accelerating exposed these intersections to some of the highest stress level. After some years this intresections start deteriorating on their surface due to friction. The concrete pavements did not survive this period of usage and after eight years were removed and replaced with asphalt pavements. After more than seven years, the asphalt has shown minor distress but is still in good …
Evaluation Of The Environmental Benefits Of Biochar Addition Into Concrete-Based Composites, Isabella Bianco, Mauro Giorcelli, Massimo Rovere, Alberto Tagliaferro, Gian Andrea Blengini, Silvia Bobba
Evaluation Of The Environmental Benefits Of Biochar Addition Into Concrete-Based Composites, Isabella Bianco, Mauro Giorcelli, Massimo Rovere, Alberto Tagliaferro, Gian Andrea Blengini, Silvia Bobba
Biochar: Production, Characterization and Applications
Biochar is a carbon by-product obtained from a termochemical conversion of biomass. Currently, biochar is generally treated in biomass landfill, representing an economic and environmental cost.
Recent works focus their attention to the use of biochar as an alternative filler to produce more economic and environmental friendly composites. Some studies proved that the introduction of biochar as carbon filler can also increase mechanical [1] or electrical [2] properties. As a consequence, large scale production of composites containing biochar could have important effects both on the economic and environmental point of view.
Please click on the file below for full content …
Development Of High Early-Strength Concrete For Accelerated Bridge Construction Closure Pour Connections, Stephanie Castine
Development Of High Early-Strength Concrete For Accelerated Bridge Construction Closure Pour Connections, Stephanie Castine
Masters Theses
Accelerated bridge construction (ABC) has become a popular alternative to using traditional construction techniques in new bridge construction and existing bridge deck replacement because of the reduction of time spent in field activities. A key feature of bridges built using ABC techniques is the extensive use of prefabricated components. Prefabricated components are joined in the field using small volume closure pours involving high performance materials (steel and concrete) to ensure adequate transfer of forces between components. To date, the materials developed for closure pours have been based on proprietary components, so a need has arisen for development of mixes that …
Proposed Testing Of Concrete Sealers, Danny Wells, Sudhir Palle, Theodore Hopwood Ii
Proposed Testing Of Concrete Sealers, Danny Wells, Sudhir Palle, Theodore Hopwood Ii
Kentucky Transportation Center Technical Assistance Report
Chlorides, in sufficient concentrations, will cause corrosion of steel reinforcement in bridge decks. Previous studies have shown that de-icing chemicals and practices used by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) can result in problematic levels of chloride at steel reinforcing depths in a relatively short amount of time. With the advent of liquid applied pre-treatment deicing chemicals, testing performed in Kentucky indicate chloride levels in bridge decks at a depth of two inches have increased significantly.
Chlorides, in sufficient concentrations, will cause corrosion of steel reinforcement in bridge decks. Previous studies have shown that de-icing chemicals and practices used by the …
Proposal For Monitoring Concrete Painting As A Preventive Maintenance Tool (Abutments And Pier Caps), Danny Wells, Sudhir Palle, Theodore Hopwood Ii
Proposal For Monitoring Concrete Painting As A Preventive Maintenance Tool (Abutments And Pier Caps), Danny Wells, Sudhir Palle, Theodore Hopwood Ii
Kentucky Transportation Center Technical Assistance Report
One of the growing number of preventive bridge maintenance activities conducted by the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) is washing and applying thin film protective coatings to bridge abutments and piers. Previous work conducted by Kentucky Transportation Center (KTC) under KYSPR 10-406 documented increased chloride contamination of these bridge components and the need for protective coatings. KYTC Contract ID 162952 includes, among other tasks, cleaning and coating specific concrete elements of eighteen bridges in Anderson and Woodford counties (District 7). These elements are interior faces of the barrier walls, pier caps, and abutment seats. The contract was let on July 29, …
Integration Of A Prototype Wireless Communication System With Micro-Electromechanical Temperature And Humidity Sensor For Concrete Pavement Health Monitoring, Shuo Yang, Keyan Shen, Halil Ceylan, Sunghwan Kim, Daji Qiao, Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan
Integration Of A Prototype Wireless Communication System With Micro-Electromechanical Temperature And Humidity Sensor For Concrete Pavement Health Monitoring, Shuo Yang, Keyan Shen, Halil Ceylan, Sunghwan Kim, Daji Qiao, Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan
Daji Qiao
In recent years, structural health monitoring and management (SHMM) has become a popular approach and is considered essential for achieving well-performing, long-lasting, sustainable transportation infrastructure systems. Key requirements in ideal SHMM of road infrastructure include long-term, continuous, and real-time monitoring of pavement response and performance under various pavement geometry-materials-loading configurations and environmental conditions. With advancements in wireless technologies, integration of wireless communications into sensing device is considered an alternate and superior solution to existing time- and labor-intensive wired sensing systems in meeting the requirements of an ideal SHMM. This study explored the development and integration of a wireless communications sub-system …
Self-Healing Concrete In Commercial Construction, James Anthony Frazier
Self-Healing Concrete In Commercial Construction, James Anthony Frazier
Construction Management
Crack formation is common among concrete used for all different types of construction. While cracking is inevitable in concrete, it can create instabilities that can compromise an entire building’s structural integrity. New advancements are being made in the biological and engineering fields that are providing a solution to this problem. Certain bacteria and chemicals when mixed provide a reaction that creates limestone material to re-heal cracks in concrete. Using these materials to create this reaction, while incorporating the reactants necessary in concrete mixtures for building, it is possible to eliminate maintenance costs and improve building strength over time. Currently, these …
Recyclable Waste Material As Substitute Aggregate In Concrete, Cannon Michael Lynch
Recyclable Waste Material As Substitute Aggregate In Concrete, Cannon Michael Lynch
Construction Management
Trash pollution is a serious problem that the world is facing and while there are current efforts to clean up the environment, there still exists the issue of what to do with the trash once collected. Waste material, especially plastic, is littering the ocean and poses a serious threat to wildlife. The construction industry makes a good effort of trying to limit its negative impact on the environment, but it can potentially solve the problem of pollution using one specific material, concrete. The best part about concrete is that its compressive strength can be manipulated by adding or removing certain …
Concrete Industry Management In Higher Education, Irl Thomas Barajas
Concrete Industry Management In Higher Education, Irl Thomas Barajas
Construction Management
This Paper Focuses on the concrete industry and programs that prepare college students for their future in it and to try and implement some sort of concrete program at Cal Poly. The idea to make Concrete Industry Management first came along at Middle Tennessee State University in 1996, but only a few other programs have started at other schools since then. These programs focus on skills for graduates to enter the concrete industry in production, project management, sales, and marketing. They are structured similar to the way Construction Management programs are structured and have similar courses like estimating, sustainability, and …
Case Study Analysis Of Improving Productivity Rates For Self-Perform Concrete, Johnny Mcdermott
Case Study Analysis Of Improving Productivity Rates For Self-Perform Concrete, Johnny Mcdermott
Construction Management
Productivity is one of the most important aspects of a successful construction project, especially if the work is self-performed and not sub-contracted out to another contractor. Usually the success of a project is directly correlated to how well the production has been throughout the course of the job. Often when a project manager notices their job is not doing well and not making their target profits or man-hours, productivity is usually the answer to that problem. This paper will examine the different ways and methods of tracking production that was used by Overaa construction. The focus of this study is …
Shrinkage Cracking In Concrete Tilt-Up Construction, Stewart Hooks, Jack Robinson
Shrinkage Cracking In Concrete Tilt-Up Construction, Stewart Hooks, Jack Robinson
Architectural Engineering
The purpose of this project is to investigate a particular, undesirable cracking pattern in concrete tilt-up panels that, until now, did not have a known definite cause. The cause of this cracking pattern is hypothesized to be due to shrinkage restraint of the concrete panels. The cracking under investigation occurs at the bottom corners of the Tilt-Up panels, suggesting that the base of the panel is restrained from shrinkage. This project models various components of Tilt-Up Construction that have potential for restraining the panels from shrinking. This project consists of the following main components.
The first aspect of this project …
Fluid Isolator, Purdue Ect Team
Fluid Isolator, Purdue Ect Team
ECT Fact Sheets
The reliability of concrete infrastructure is vital to ensuring daily life, as well as commerce, can progress without interruption. From the pavement of interstate highways to the driveways and sidewalks in a local neighborhood, concrete is expensive to install and often even more expensive, and intrusive, when it needs to be replaced. Unfortunately, to maintain functionality in winter climates concrete is heavily exposed to deicing salts. This not only affects the roads, driveways, and sidewalks where salt is applied directly, but many other areas such as parking and residential garages where vehicles (and people) will track salt along with water …
Testing And Evaluation Of Mash Tl-3 Transition Between Guardrail And Portable Concrete Barriers, Robert W. Bielenberg, Jessica L. Lingenfelter, Justine E. Kohtz, Ronald K. Faller, John D. Reid
Testing And Evaluation Of Mash Tl-3 Transition Between Guardrail And Portable Concrete Barriers, Robert W. Bielenberg, Jessica L. Lingenfelter, Justine E. Kohtz, Ronald K. Faller, John D. Reid
Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports
Three full-scale vehicle crash tests were conducted according to the Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test Level 3 (TL-3) safety performance criteria on a transition between the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) and a portable concrete barrier (PCB) system. The transition system utilized for test nos. MGSPCB-1 through MGSPCB-3 consisted of a standard MGS that overlapped a series of F- shape PCB segments that approached the MGS at a 15H:1V flare. In the overlapped portion of the barrier systems, uniquely-designed blockout holders and a specialized W-beam end shoe mounting bracket were used to connect the systems.
In test no. MGSPCB-1, …
Assessments Of Concrete Internal Damage Caused By Freeze-Thaw Cycles And Mechanical Loading, Zeqian Li
Assessments Of Concrete Internal Damage Caused By Freeze-Thaw Cycles And Mechanical Loading, Zeqian Li
Theses and Dissertations
Concrete in bridge decks in Northern States, such as Wisconsin, is subjected to both freeze-thaw cycles and mechanical stresses. Standard testing methods are available to evaluate the deterioration of concrete, including ASTM C215 (Dynamic Modulus test), ASTM C1202 (Rapid Chloride Ion Penetrability test), and ASTM WK37880 (ESR test) are available. In addition, ASTM C642 (water absorption test) helps quantification of permeable voids in concrete. These tests have been used to evaluate undamaged concrete or concrete samples after freeze-thaw cycles.
The concrete samples in this study have been subjected to compressive stresses (0.4f_c^') and freeze-thaw cycles (100 to 300 cycles) to …
The Confinement Effects On The Fiber Pullout Response Of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (Uhpc, Arden Mcswain
The Confinement Effects On The Fiber Pullout Response Of Ultra-High Performance Concrete (Uhpc, Arden Mcswain
Honors College
Fiber pullout tests were conducted on more than ninety 10 mm by 10 mm cylindrical concrete specimens with a single, straight steel fiber embedded 10 mm in the center of the concrete specimen. Each specimen was subjected to one of three levels (90 N, 2000 N, 4000 N) of confining force applied by a steel fixture and a servo-hydraulic Instron test frame was used to conduct fiber pullout tests. A previously published fiber pullout model was used to determine the approximate bond strength and frictional stress experienced by the fiber-concrete matrix for each of the three confinement levels. Results show …
Durability Of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars In Seawater-Contaminated Concrete, Abdelrahman A. E. Alsallamin
Durability Of Glass Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Bars In Seawater-Contaminated Concrete, Abdelrahman A. E. Alsallamin
Theses
This research aims to investigate the durability performance and microstructure characteristics of two different types of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars in severe environment. GFRP bars encased in seawater-contaminated concrete were immersed in tap water for 5, 10, and 15 months at temperatures of 20, 40, and 60°C. Half of the specimens were conditioned under a sustained load of 25% of their ultimate strength whereas the other half was conditioned without load. Following conditioning, the GFRP bars were retrieved then tested to failure under uniaxial tension. Microstructure analysis was performed by employing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) …
Evaluating The Bond Behavior Between Frp And Grooved Concrete Specimens Using Single Shear Pull Out Test, John Omboko
Evaluating The Bond Behavior Between Frp And Grooved Concrete Specimens Using Single Shear Pull Out Test, John Omboko
Master's Theses (2009 -)
Surface preparation affects the bond behavior between Fiber Reinforcing Polymer (FRP) composite material and concrete. In this research, a special type of surface preparation known as grooving, which involves cutting transverse grooves, is conducted on concrete blocks (specimens) that are categorized as either Unfilled (U) or Filled (F). This idea is to ascertain how the grooves affect the strength of FRP-bonded-concrete specimen. These two categories are then benchmarked to control (C) specimens which do not have grooves on them. Category U specimens only have the epoxy applied on the concrete surface while category F specimens have epoxy applied on both …
Development Of A Lightweight Hurricane-Resistant Roof System, Ehssan Amir Sayyafi
Development Of A Lightweight Hurricane-Resistant Roof System, Ehssan Amir Sayyafi
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Roofs are the most vulnerable part of the building envelope that often get damaged when subjected to hurricane winds. Damage to the roofs has a devastating impact on the entire structure, including interior losses and service interruptions. This study aimed at the development of a novel light-weight composite flat roof system for industrial, commercial and multi-story residential buildings to withstand Category 5 hurricane wind effects based on the Florida Building Code requirements for hurricane-prone regions, the strictest wind design code in the United States.
The proposed roof system is designed as a combination of two advanced materials: ultra-high performance concrete …
Electrochemical Methods To Characterize Drilled Shaft Deficiencies, Sarah Jo Mobley
Electrochemical Methods To Characterize Drilled Shaft Deficiencies, Sarah Jo Mobley
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
In recent years drilled shafts have become the preferred foundation method for marine bridges. Typically, the drilled shaft is selected over traditional driven piles due to soil strata encountered, construction economy, increased lateral stiffness requirements, and/or vibration control considerations. The most critical component in drilled shaft construction is borehole stabilization. Wall sloughing or groundwater inclusion can have devastating effects on the strength of the finished shaft however recent research has shown that the materials, more specifically the slurry, used to accomplish stabilization may be having a negative impact on the durability of the finished product. This thesis investigates the durability …
Load And Moment Interaction Diagram For Circular Concrete Columns Reinforced With Gfrp Bars And Gfrp Helices, Hogr Karim, M Neaz Sheikh, Muhammad N. S Hadi
Load And Moment Interaction Diagram For Circular Concrete Columns Reinforced With Gfrp Bars And Gfrp Helices, Hogr Karim, M Neaz Sheikh, Muhammad N. S Hadi
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B
This paper presents analytical and experimental studies on the axial load-bending moment behavior of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars and helices RC columns. The nominal axial load and bending moment of the columns were analyzed based on the stress-strain behavior of the cross-sectional components. A numerical integration method was used to determine the compressive force of concrete in the compression region. The analytical results were verified with experimental results of 12 circular specimens reinforced with GFRP bars and GFRP helices. Out of these 12 specimens, eight specimens were taken from available literature and four specimens were tested in this study. …
Nonlinear Analysis Of Circular High Strength Concrete-Filled Stainless Steel Tubular Slender Beam-Columns, Vipulkumar I. Patel, Qing Quan Liang, Muhammad N. S Hadi
Nonlinear Analysis Of Circular High Strength Concrete-Filled Stainless Steel Tubular Slender Beam-Columns, Vipulkumar I. Patel, Qing Quan Liang, Muhammad N. S Hadi
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
Concrete-filled stainless steel tubular (CFSST) slender columns are increasingly used in composite structures owing to their distinguished features, such as aesthetic appearance, high corrosion resistance, high durability and ease of maintenance. Currently, however, there is a lack of an accurate and efficient numerical model that can be utilized to determine the performance of circular CFSST slender columns. This paper describes a nonlinear fiber-based model proposed for computing the deflection and axial load-moment strength interaction responses of eccentrically loaded circular high-strength CFSST slender columns. The fiber-based model incorporates the accurate three-stage stress-strain relations of stainless steels, accounting for different strain hardening …
Design Of Geopolymer Concrete With Ggbfs At Ambient Curing Condition Using Taguchi Method, Muhammad N. S Hadi, Nabeel Farhan, M Neaz Sheikh
Design Of Geopolymer Concrete With Ggbfs At Ambient Curing Condition Using Taguchi Method, Muhammad N. S Hadi, Nabeel Farhan, M Neaz Sheikh
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A
In this paper, the Taguchi method has been used to design optimum mix proportions for geopolymer concrete with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) as aluminosilicate source at ambient curing condition. The influences of binder content, alkaline activator to binder content (Al/Bi) ratio, sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide (SS/SH) ratio, and sodium hydroxide (SH) concentration on the geopolymer concrete were investigated. A total of nine mix designs were evaluated. It was found that specimens with a binder content of 450 kg/m3, Al/Bi ratio of 0.35, SS/SH ratio of 2.5, and SH concentration of 14 M produced the highest …
Behavior Of Self-Compacting Concrete Columns Reinforced Longitudinally With Steel Tubes, Muhammad N. S Hadi, Faez Alhussainy, M Neaz Sheikh
Behavior Of Self-Compacting Concrete Columns Reinforced Longitudinally With Steel Tubes, Muhammad N. S Hadi, Faez Alhussainy, M Neaz Sheikh
Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B
This study investigates the behavior of self-compacting concrete (SCC) specimens reinforced with small-diameter steel tubes in lieu of reinforcing bars. Twenty specimens were cast and tested. Four specimens were reinforced with normal steel bars (reference specimens) and the remaining 16 with steel tubes. All specimens contained steel helices with a pitch of either 50 mm or 75 mm. Deformed steel bars of 16-mm diameter were used in the four reference specimens as longitudinal reinforcement. Steel tubes of 33.7-mm outside diameter with 2-mm wall thickness (ST33.7) and steel tubes of 26.9-mm outside diameter with 2.6-mm wall thickness (ST26.9) were used as …