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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Environmental Bioassay Evaluation Of Foundry Waste Residuals, Kenneth Chad Bastian, James E. Alleman
Environmental Bioassay Evaluation Of Foundry Waste Residuals, Kenneth Chad Bastian, James E. Alleman
JTRP Technical Reports
Although the constructive reuse of foundry residuals represents a decidedly beneficial goal with distinct economic and environmental benefits, potential end-users are nonetheless reluctant to use these residuals, given an inherent concern about potential unforeseen environmental liabilities. Results of foundry residual leachate characterization to date strongly suggest that many ferrous foundries are discarding sands whose quality is fully amenable to their future use with embankment construction and related high-volume highway development activities. In order to provide additional assurance as to the environmental impact of foundry residual reuse, the MicrotoxTM bioassay has been used to quantify the response of living organisms (e.g., …
Bioremediation Treatability Studies For Soils Containing Herbicides, Chemicals, And Petroleum Products, Loring F. Nies, Matthew B. Mesarch
Bioremediation Treatability Studies For Soils Containing Herbicides, Chemicals, And Petroleum Products, Loring F. Nies, Matthew B. Mesarch
JTRP Technical Reports
Leaking underground storage tanks are widespread throughout the United States. It is estimated that there are 1.4 million underground gasoline storage tanks in the United States, with as many as 75,000 to 100,000 that may be leaking. In Indiana alone, more than 3,500 of the 15,000 registered underground storage tank facilities have reported leaks. Conventional remediation methods often involve pump-and-treat schemes for contaminated water, and excavation and burial of contaminated soil in hazardous waste landfills. These methods increase the risk of exposure to pollutants for workers and local residents. Furthermore, these methods merely involve the transfer of pollutants from one …
An Electronic Surveillance And Control System For The Management Of Traffic On The Borman Expressway, Part Ii: Calibrating A Simulation Model, Mu-Han Wang, Michael J. Cassidy
An Electronic Surveillance And Control System For The Management Of Traffic On The Borman Expressway, Part Ii: Calibrating A Simulation Model, Mu-Han Wang, Michael J. Cassidy
JTRP Technical Reports
The purpose of this project was to calibrate a freeway simulation model to emulate traffic operating conditions on the Borman Expressway in Northwest Indiana. To replicate Borman operating conditions, the project adopted Integrated Traffic Simulation (INTRAS), a microscopic, stochastic freeway simulation model. Appropriate input data were developed on geometric, traffic and driver behavior information, based on physical measurements and other available data. The model was calibrated and statistical analysis were conducted to validate the accuracy of the results.
Estimating Statewide Trip Tables From Vehicle Classification Counts, James Yang, Jon D. Fricker
Estimating Statewide Trip Tables From Vehicle Classification Counts, James Yang, Jon D. Fricker
JTRP Technical Reports
Although a statewide trip table is an important ingredient in the statewide planning process, such information is difficult to obtain. The study described in this report investigated the applicability to the state-level problem of existing software developed to estimate trip tables in urban areas (or smaller) from link counts. Criteria that would form the basis for determining the applicability of any particular software package were developed. Packages such as The Highway Emulator (THE), PC-LINKOD, and Fast Matrix Calibration (FMC) were tested using small and medium sized networks. Because FMC performed the best on these tests, it was applied to the …
Locating The Drainage Layer For Bituminous Pavements In Indiana, Hossam Farouk. Hassan, Thomas D. White
Locating The Drainage Layer For Bituminous Pavements In Indiana, Hossam Farouk. Hassan, Thomas D. White
JTRP Technical Reports
Pavement subsurface drainage and its effect on pavement performance has been a subject of interest since the 18th and 19th centuries. With no doubt the detrimental effects of heavy wheel loads on pavements with saturated base material is a significant factor. The consequence of subsurface water on pavement performance includes premature rutting, cracking, faulting, and increased roughness, all of which lead to a decrease in serviceability. This research study involves the evaluation of the drainage performance of three section configurations. The sections were built with a difference in the filter as well as the drainage layer. Indiana #5D, and #53 …
Remediation Of Hazardous Effluent Emitted From Beneath Newly Constructed Road Systems And Clogging Of Underdrain Systems, Ronald Fred Wukasch, Adil Siddiqui
Remediation Of Hazardous Effluent Emitted From Beneath Newly Constructed Road Systems And Clogging Of Underdrain Systems, Ronald Fred Wukasch, Adil Siddiqui
JTRP Technical Reports
The Indiana Department of Transportation uses recycled concrete pavement as aggregate for the construction of highways. The effluent from these pavements has a high pH. The high pH effluent can cause clogging of drains and vegetative kill around the outlet. This project looks into the source of the effluent water, its chemical composition and the approximate duration the problem can be expected to persist. The project also investigates possible methods for reduction of the problem in future installation. The approximate additional cost of these solutions and the problems associated with them are discussed as well.
Impact Analysis Of Vehicles On Ozone Generation In The Indianapolis Metropolitan Statistical Area, Robert Bertram Jacko, Ouattara Fatogoma
Impact Analysis Of Vehicles On Ozone Generation In The Indianapolis Metropolitan Statistical Area, Robert Bertram Jacko, Ouattara Fatogoma
JTRP Technical Reports
Motor vehicles are one of the largest emitters of ground-level ozone precursors – volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NO1) – into the atmosphere. Consequently, the Clean Air Act Amendment of 1990 requires the implementation of transportation control measures in order to reduce ground-level ozone precursor emissions and alleviate the ozone air quality problems. This research investigates the relative effects of motor vehicle emissions of VOCs and NO1 on hourly average concentrations of ground level ozone in the Indiana Airshed Model (UAM-IV). The findings of the research study are presented. This includes the results of the data analyses leading …
Analysis And Load Testing Of Two Steel Through Truss Bridges In Indiana, Brian Joseph Malone, Mark A. Heffron, J. A. Ramirez, Donald W. White
Analysis And Load Testing Of Two Steel Through Truss Bridges In Indiana, Brian Joseph Malone, Mark A. Heffron, J. A. Ramirez, Donald W. White
JTRP Technical Reports
Results of the load tests of two steel through truss bridges were used to evaluate the assumptions used by BARS for the rating of this type of bridge. Based on the results from this study it is recommended that the Indiana Department of Transportation use the load distribution factors in the 1994 LRFD Specifications in the rating of these bridges. This will imply replacing the load distribution factors currently in BARS. The implementation of the new distribution factors will result in a less conservative rating of the longitudinal beams in this type of bridge. The increase in the allowed moments …
Development Of A Procedure To Identify Aggregates For Bituminous Surfaces In Indiana, Douglas W. Bruner, Jung Chan Choi, Terry R. West
Development Of A Procedure To Identify Aggregates For Bituminous Surfaces In Indiana, Douglas W. Bruner, Jung Chan Choi, Terry R. West
JTRP Technical Reports
Adequate friction resistance is needed to prevent pavement slipperiness and to allow vehicles to stop in a reasonable distance. In stone mastic asphalt surfaces, friction resistance is mainly a function of the interaction between the aggregates exposed at the road surface and the vehicle tires. Performance of the aggregate is reduced over time by wear and polishing as a consequence of vehicular traffic. In this research a method to investigate aggregate performance based on physical, chemical and petrographic factors has been evaluated. The objective was to develop a laboratory method to test Indiana dolomite, limestone, sandstone, and gravel aggregates to …
Effective Scheduling Of Road And Bridge Closures: Phase 2, Kumares C. Sinha, Mithilesh K. Jha
Effective Scheduling Of Road And Bridge Closures: Phase 2, Kumares C. Sinha, Mithilesh K. Jha
JTRP Technical Reports
This research provides a study on work zone impact analysis. In case of multiple road closures, the network approach is used to find an effective scheduling such that the total user delay is reduced. A dynamic model for analyzing the work zone impact during the period when network is in transition state is also developed. A salient feature of the dynamic model is drives’ perception updating model, which incorporates availability and the quality of information as perceived by drivers.
Performance Evaluation Of Highway Embankment Constructed Using Coal Ash, James E. Alleman, Patrick J. Fox, Daniel J. Debattista
Performance Evaluation Of Highway Embankment Constructed Using Coal Ash, James E. Alleman, Patrick J. Fox, Daniel J. Debattista
JTRP Technical Reports
The objective of this project was to assess the environmental and geotechnical performance of two highway embankments constructed using coal combustion fly ash. The environmental work focused on characterizing monitoring well water samples from the site before, during, and after construction. In addition, a number in in-situ lysimeter water samples were also tested during and after construction. In each case, water samplers were evaluated in terms of their constitutive organic and metal concentrations, as well as their relative bioassay response using a MicrotoxTM protocol. The geotechnical work included monitoring of ash water content and unit weight during placement, settlement analysis, …
Sources, Measurements, And Effects Of Segregated Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement, Ronald. Christopher Williams, Gary R. Duncan, Thomas D. White
Sources, Measurements, And Effects Of Segregated Hot Mix Asphalt Pavement, Ronald. Christopher Williams, Gary R. Duncan, Thomas D. White
JTRP Technical Reports
There are several factors that lead to segregation. Segregation can occur during stockpiling and handling of aggregate and during mixing, storage, transport and lay down of the asphalt mixture. Sometimes segregation may result from a single source or from a combination of sources. Nondestructive test methods have been examined to determine their effectiveness in detecting segregation. These methods include thermal imaging, air penneability, nuclear moisture (asphalt) and density, and permittivity. Based on the effective of these technologies in a laboratory environment, the standard moisture/density nuclear gauge technology was field tested with a high degree of success. Use of four minute …
Use Of Coal Combustion Residues And Foundry Sands In Flowable Fill, Subnahmanya T. Bhat, C. W. Lovell
Use Of Coal Combustion Residues And Foundry Sands In Flowable Fill, Subnahmanya T. Bhat, C. W. Lovell
JTRP Technical Reports
The purpose of the present study is to investigate the use of waste foundry sand in flowable fill. However, the concepts developed are applicable to flowable fills containing any type of sand. Even though the flowable fill is presently popular as a trench filling material, this study addresses a much broader perspective in order to be able to develop uses of this material in geotechnical applications. In this research, only green sands were taken. The fly ash used was class F type. Flowability, hardening characteristics and 28-day unconfined compressive strength are studied. A rational approach the mix design of flowable …
Using Pyrolized Carbon Black (Pcb) From Waste Tires In Asphalt Pavement (Part 2, Asphalt Binder), Yongdong Zeng, C. W. Lovell
Using Pyrolized Carbon Black (Pcb) From Waste Tires In Asphalt Pavement (Part 2, Asphalt Binder), Yongdong Zeng, C. W. Lovell
JTRP Technical Reports
Scrap tires derived from automobiles have become a large environmental problem in the United States. In this study, research is carried out to investigate the potential use of tire-derived pyrolyzed carbon black from scrap tires as an asphalt cement modifier. The asphalt cements used in this research were AC10 and AC20. Penetration and softening point tests were performed to obtain the consistency of the asphalt cements. The pyrolyzed carbon black, as provided by Wolf Industries, was combined with the asphalt cement in the following percentages; 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Penetration, softening point and ductility tests were performed to determine …
Using Pyrolized Carbon Black (Pcb) From Waste Tires In Asphalt Pavement (Part 1, Limestone Aggregate), Taesoon Park, C. W. Lovell
Using Pyrolized Carbon Black (Pcb) From Waste Tires In Asphalt Pavement (Part 1, Limestone Aggregate), Taesoon Park, C. W. Lovell
JTRP Technical Reports
This study presents the viability of using PCB as an additive in hot mix asphalt concrete. Different ratios of PCB (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of asphalt) were blended with two grades of asphalt (AC-10 and AC-20). The complete behaviors of the PCB modified asphalt concrete were investigated by comprehensive laboratory testing and evaluation. The Marshall method was used to determine the optimum binder content and the mechanical properties and void relationships were investigated by this method. The Gyratory Testing Machine was used to define the stress-strain relationships of the PCB mixtures. The rutting potential of PCB mixtures …
Wildflowers For Indiana Highways, Michael N. Dana, Ricky Darrell Kemery, Brian S. Boszor
Wildflowers For Indiana Highways, Michael N. Dana, Ricky Darrell Kemery, Brian S. Boszor
JTRP Technical Reports
Questions concerning wildflower usage on Indiana highway rights-of-way were investigated. Native prairie wildflower seed quality was found to be highly variable among supply companies, species, and years. Less variability was found among “garden” wildflower species and suppliers. Direct seeding was found to be successful with six species of native prairie forbs: Butterfly Milkweed Asclepiads tuberose, Wild Bergamot Monarda fistulosa, New England Aster Aster novae-angliae, Pale-purple Coneflower Echinacea pallida, Gray-headed Coneflower Ratibido pinnota, Ironweed Vernonia fasciculosa. Five species of “garden” wildflowers performed well: Common Cosmos Cosmos bipinnatus, Yellow Cosmos Cosmos sulphureus, Cornflower Centaurea cyanus, Goldenwave Coreopsis sincioria, Black-eyed Susan Rudbeckia hiria. …
Indot Constructability Multimedia System Working Module, Bob G. Mccullouch
Indot Constructability Multimedia System Working Module, Bob G. Mccullouch
JTRP Technical Reports
Constructability can be defined as incorporating knowledge into the design product or designing so it is easier to construct. Transportation facilities have suffered from this problem, with INDOT no exception. The most important feature of any constructability program is capturing field examples, commonly referred to as “lessons learned,” and archiving and retrieving them into future projects that are either similar or have similar conditions in order to eliminate or prevent the same mistakes from occurring again. A mechanism or tool that can perform this task would be a valuable asset for INDOT. A previous JHRP project title “An INDOT Lessons …
Automation Of Overweight Truck Permit Process For Michigan Trains, Robert K. Whitford, David P. Moffett
Automation Of Overweight Truck Permit Process For Michigan Trains, Robert K. Whitford, David P. Moffett
JTRP Technical Reports
Technical guidance was provided by Purdue University to the Indiana Department of Transportation regarding specific issues around automation of permit issuance for overweight and oversized vehicles on a specific piece of highway in Northwest Indiana. Supporting this guidance were four commentaries which were: 1. Functional Specification for Automation of Michigan Trains 2. Draft Commentary on Touch ToneTM/Voice Response System Security for Michigan Trains 3. Draft Commentary on Touch ToneTM/Voice Response System Vendor for Michigan Trains 4. Draft Commentary on Touch ToneTM/Voice Response System Auditability for Michigan Trains These are included as appendices to this report.
Borman Expressway Atms Equipment Evaluation, J. V. Krogmeier, Kumares C. Sinha, Michael P. Fitz, Srinivas Peeta, Shimon Y. Nof
Borman Expressway Atms Equipment Evaluation, J. V. Krogmeier, Kumares C. Sinha, Michael P. Fitz, Srinivas Peeta, Shimon Y. Nof
JTRP Technical Reports
An Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS) is under development in northern Indiana by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) in conjunction with Hughes Transportation Management Systems. The study area comprises a sixteen mile segment of the heavily used Borman Expressway and its associated corridor; beginning at the Indiana/Illinois border and stretching east to the Indiana Toll Road interchange. The most important operational problem on the Borman is non-recurrent congestion, arising primarily through accidents and stalled vehicles. In order to mitigate the significant bottleneck delay problems due to non-recurrent congestion, INDOT is developing an ATMS for real-time incident detection and response …
Laboratory Study On The Use Of Tire Shreds And Rubber-Sand In Backfilled And Reinforced Soil Applications, Andres Bernal, C. W. Lovell, Rodrigo Salgado
Laboratory Study On The Use Of Tire Shreds And Rubber-Sand In Backfilled And Reinforced Soil Applications, Andres Bernal, C. W. Lovell, Rodrigo Salgado
JTRP Technical Reports
Millions of scrap tires are discarded annually in the United States, the bulk of which are currently landfilled or stockpiled. This consumes valuable landfill space, or, if improperly disposed, creates a fire hazard and provides a prolific breeding ground for rats and mosquitoes. The use of tire shreds as lightweight fill material can sharply reduce the tire disposal problem. The present study, based on laboratory testing and numerical modeling examines the feasibility of incorporating tire shreds and rubber-sand mixtures as lightweight geomaterial in embankments and backfills. The growing interest in utilizing waste materials in civil engineering applications has opened the …
Seismic Evaluation Of Highway Bridges - Phase 1, J. A. Ramirez, Austin D. Pan, Frank Thompson Mwakasisi
Seismic Evaluation Of Highway Bridges - Phase 1, J. A. Ramirez, Austin D. Pan, Frank Thompson Mwakasisi
JTRP Technical Reports
The primary objective of the study was to establish the guidelines for screening, assessing, and ranking Indiana bridges for seismic upgrade. The outcome of the study is a complete strategy for the detailed structural assessment of Indiana highway bridges subjected to seismic forces. The structural evaluation is conducted using a nonlinear time-history analysis of the bridge for simulated or actual records. The specific soil conditions at the site are accounted in terms of the ground motion. From the time history analysis the maximum structural response including displacements, bending moments, shear and axial forces are computed. A weighted evaluation of the …
Use Of Gps To Enhance Mapping By Photogrammetry, Robert D. Feeney, James Samuel Bethel, Boudewijn H. W. Van Gelder, Steve Johnson
Use Of Gps To Enhance Mapping By Photogrammetry, Robert D. Feeney, James Samuel Bethel, Boudewijn H. W. Van Gelder, Steve Johnson
JTRP Technical Reports
This research has sought to demonstrate the benefits of kinematic GPS in conjunction with photogrammetric aerial triangulation for mapping purposes. The work was performed with the existing INDOT aerial camera which is quite old, and while this affected the accuracy of the results, the demonstration of capability with a likely potential for excellent results was achieved. Ground point accuracies from the strip were in the sub-meter range with only a single control point. This is contrasted with full-model control requiring 50-80 control points for such a strip. In order to bring accuracies down to an acceptable level, i.e. sub decimeter, …
The Use Of Pyrolized Carbon Black As An Additive (Part 3: Air Cooled Furnace Slag), Kwan-Ho Lee, C. W. Lovell, Rodrigo Salgado
The Use Of Pyrolized Carbon Black As An Additive (Part 3: Air Cooled Furnace Slag), Kwan-Ho Lee, C. W. Lovell, Rodrigo Salgado
JTRP Technical Reports
The purpose of this research was to characterize the fundamental properties and to evaluate the performance of asphalt mixtures modified by pyrolyzed carbon black (CBp) as an additive and air-cooled furnace slag as a coarse aggregate. Laboratory tests were conducted at INDOT and Koch Materials. The optimum binder content and the relationship of density and voids were determined from Marshall mix design. The rang of optimum binder content was 6.3% to 7.8%. The Marshall stability as a strength value and flow increased within the accepted ranges due to the inclusion of CBp. The gyratory tests were conducted by the US …