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1993

Graduate Research Papers

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A Reflection On The Roles Of The Elementary School Principal: A Reflective Essay, Connie M. Toenjes Jan 1993

A Reflection On The Roles Of The Elementary School Principal: A Reflective Essay, Connie M. Toenjes

Graduate Research Papers

Principal Opal Mistie begins the working day at 6:00 a.m. with four calls from teachers needing substitutes. After 30 minutes on the phone, all classrooms have substitutes with Ms. Mistie covering the first hour of sixth grade. While getting dressed and gulping coffee, she jogs her memory on sixth grade classroom procedures and contemplates an interesting way to introduce a math review lesson on the importance of the decimal point.


A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Chun-Ian Lee Jan 1993

A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Chun-Ian Lee

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this paper is to articulate the basic values and beliefs which will guide me as I prepare to enter the field of administration. I would like to begin with a general statement on what I thought about what a secondary principal should do before I majored in the program of secondary administration. The paper will then relate what I learned regarding the secondary principalship. Finally, the paper will examine specific behaviors which I hope to exhibit if I become a secondary principal.


Individual And Universal Shyness Characteristics In Elementary Students: Implications For Counseling, Karen K. Lindberg Jan 1993

Individual And Universal Shyness Characteristics In Elementary Students: Implications For Counseling, Karen K. Lindberg

Graduate Research Papers

The basic feeling of shyness is universal (Hyson, 1987). Researchers have found that over 40% of North Americans are presently shy and over 80% of the population reported that they have been shy at some point in their lives (Ishiyama, 1984). Zimbardo's survey (cited in Christian, 1982) of 5,000 people from the United States and other countries found shyness to be common and universal. In every culture that he studied, at least 25% of the members considered themselves to be presently shy (Christian, 1982). These and other statistics gathered from self-reports indicate that shyness effects a majority of people at …


A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Ming-Ling Lin Jan 1993

A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Ming-Ling Lin

Graduate Research Papers

The educational system of my country is an imitation of the United States. The curriculum and teaching are greatly influenced by American educational theories. Recently, my country has paid more attention to the reform of education; thus learning the ideas of American education is the best way for improving the education of my country. The purpose of this paper is to describe my thoughts about educational administration and the roles of the school administrator. First, I want to define educational administration. Then, I will describe the roles of the school administrator, and finally, I will discuss how I would perform …


Counseling Elementary Students Through Bereavement, Debra J. Bundy Jan 1993

Counseling Elementary Students Through Bereavement, Debra J. Bundy

Graduate Research Papers

One of the latest controversies in American society is whether we have desensitized our children to the tragedy of death by our everyday display of death on the news and in other media. Some believe that television violence is so routine that it barely makes an impact on children and may also make them less sensitive to the suffering of others (Jenish, 1992; Leo, 1992). Researchers on the experience of death in American culture may differ with this opinion. Perhaps Americans are 1 not desensitized to death, but we are possibly in denial that death is a universal experience that …


The Treatment Of Occupational Stress In The Field Of Emergency Medical Services, Patricia A. Boeck Jan 1993

The Treatment Of Occupational Stress In The Field Of Emergency Medical Services, Patricia A. Boeck

Graduate Research Papers

Danger can be exhilarating: going into situations that others fear to consider, being pushed to the edge of one's physical and psychological limits, and having the awareness that one's skills and reactions routinely determine whether another person lives or dies


A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Mikell Ann Brosamle Jan 1993

A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Mikell Ann Brosamle

Graduate Research Papers

My father has been a major influence to me in seeking the duty role of a principalship. I have many memories of my father's role as principal through all stages of my life. It is interesting to reflect on my thoughts and perceptions of the principalship as I have grown from a small child to a young adult. When I was very young, my father's school was the place we went to on Saturday. We would play in the halls, find the rooms with fish, animals and other interesting displays, and the big highlight was drinking a carton of milk …


The Ethics Of Student "Affairs": Intimate Relations Between Residence Hall Directors And Students, Lori Butikofer Jan 1993

The Ethics Of Student "Affairs": Intimate Relations Between Residence Hall Directors And Students, Lori Butikofer

Graduate Research Papers

An examination of the literature concerning higher education over the past decade reveals that "ethics" has been a topic of increasing interest. Many professions have taken new steps to ensure that ethical behavior is a top priority, student services among them. Some of the primary professional associations of student services administrators such as the American College Personnel Association (ACPA), the National Association of Student Personnel Administrators (NASPA) and the National Association of Women in Education (NA WE, formerly NA WDAC) have developed formal statements of ethical standards for their members. Also, many graduate preparation programs in college and university student …


Reflections On Secondary Principalship: A Reflective Essay, Charles A. Clark Jan 1993

Reflections On Secondary Principalship: A Reflective Essay, Charles A. Clark

Graduate Research Papers

To be an educator is a difficult thing to define. To describe leadership would be an equally difficult task. So when one begins to entertain the notion of educational leadership or principalship, it is a struggle to develop a clear vision of what one would be doing if optimally engaged in the occupation. This paper attempts to clarify the uncertainty surrounding those tasks of educational leadership. Personal beliefs, philosophies, attitudes, knowledge and vision are developed and shared throughout this writing as various aspects or parts of principalship are examined.


Issues For Effective Therapy With The Gay And Lesbian Population, Lori A. Constant Jan 1993

Issues For Effective Therapy With The Gay And Lesbian Population, Lori A. Constant

Graduate Research Papers

Sexual orientation has been defined in various ways. Homosexuality in the earliest times was viewed as a sin. In the mid 19th Century, it was viewed as a mental illness. The "stonewall" uprising in New York in 1969 was the first time the gay and lesbian community took an assertive stand for their identity and their civil liberties (Woodman & Lenna, 1980). This began the gay liberation movement which increased the number of people who identified themselves as gay and lesbian (McDonald & Steinhorn, 1990). In the past 10-15 years psychotherapists have changed their treatment of homosexuality from looking for …


Fetal Alcohol Syndrome And The Role Of The School Counselor, Martha J. Devault Jan 1993

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome And The Role Of The School Counselor, Martha J. Devault

Graduate Research Papers

Concern over the consumption of alcohol and pregnancy have existed since the beginning of time. Reaching as far back as the Biblical era, women have been warned about the potential dangers and lasting effects of mixing alcohol and pregnancy together (D'Entremont, 1990). Despite unpublished 19th and 20th century scientific observations clearly describing the effects of alcohol on newborn babies and developing children, it has not been until the last 20 years that these problems have been given official recognition and labeled by the health and medical professions as Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, or FAS. As recently as 1973, alcohol was still …


A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools : A Reflective Essay, James A. Dunne Jan 1993

A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools : A Reflective Essay, James A. Dunne

Graduate Research Papers

I believe schools reflect the society in which they exist, schools likewise have attempted to adjust to the changing needs of society. We presently live in a constantly changing society. Changes in demographics and the family structure have forced school systems to look at delicate issues such as consolidation of school districts and open enrollment. Students' needs have changed as a result of an increase in divorce, single-parent homes, and two family incomes thus forcing schools to adapt their curriculum and scheduling.


A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Aaron M. Gonzalez Jan 1993

A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Aaron M. Gonzalez

Graduate Research Papers

In this reflective paper I will describe what I believe are the necessary skills, abilities, and effective strategies which educational leaders should possess as they administrate in a school setting. These skills, abilities, and effective strategies include having the ability to lead an organization through constant changes, monitoring societal trends for future organizational expectations, and developing shared values and vision. In addition, administrative educational leaders must be able to empower teachers, praise teachers for their efforts, coach individuals to reach their potential, communicate effectively to members within as well as outside of the organization, and still must possess personal and …


Implications For Counselors When Working With Gay And Lesbian Adolescents, Lois Groth Jan 1993

Implications For Counselors When Working With Gay And Lesbian Adolescents, Lois Groth

Graduate Research Papers

Living as a member of the gay and lesbian community has become increasingly accepted by the general public. However, some people continue to view the homosexual population with fear and hatred (Thomas, 1992). Although statistics vary, the Federation of Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays, Inc. (1987), estimated that 10% of the population is homosexual. Of that 1 0%, as many as 34% have attempted suicide


An Administrative Role In The Secondary School: A Reflective Essay, Cinde L. Haskins Jan 1993

An Administrative Role In The Secondary School: A Reflective Essay, Cinde L. Haskins

Graduate Research Papers

As we approach the turn of the century and are involved in so many plans for the future of education, it is difficult not to wonder which terms will be overused at that point in time. We are focused on "global awareness", "the year 2000", and "a technological future". A personal belief and philosophy statement about one's role in administration cannot be formed without thinking in these terms and looking at the role of education and administration.


Alcohol Abuse Among Female College Students, Luanne Renee Hoskins Jan 1993

Alcohol Abuse Among Female College Students, Luanne Renee Hoskins

Graduate Research Papers

Within the past six years, there have been three major studies that have addressed the issue of the significance of researching differences between drinking patterns of male and female college students (Chomak & Collins, 1987; Temple, 1987; Schnur & MacDonald, 1988). There has been little research done with the area of female drinking behavior and the authors of these major studies have indicated a need for further research in this area.


Outcome-Based Education: A Description And Indirect Analysis, Mary L. Jensen Jan 1993

Outcome-Based Education: A Description And Indirect Analysis, Mary L. Jensen

Graduate Research Papers

The Des Moines Register headlines proclaimed "Outcome-based education; State's effort at reform under fire as stressing attitude" (March 22, 1993, p. 3A). The Iowa Farm Bureau Spokesman announced ·outcome Based Education--a controversy· (April 10, 1993). Education Week described a bitter fight over school funding in Pennsylvania, with the news that "Pennsylvania House Votes to Nullify State Board's LearnerOutcome Rules· (February 17, 1993, p. 19). The Program News bulletin of the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development advertised its version of the Outcome-Based Education videotape series, devoting its whole May, 1993, issue to promotion of outcome-based strategies.


African-American College Students: The Struggle For Identity And Acceptance, Teri Koehn Jan 1993

African-American College Students: The Struggle For Identity And Acceptance, Teri Koehn

Graduate Research Papers

Promoting cultural diversity is of nation wide concern on college campuses. There have been many articles written on the need for diversity on college campuses. Unfortunately, despite having recognized the value of cultural diversity, many institutions have failed to adequately fund or support programs which are meant to achieve diversity. This paper will examine the treatment of African-American students. Pertinent issues considered will be societal pressures, African-American racial identity issues, financial pressure, and the effects of racism. All of these issues are important because they determine student success in college. The paper will conclude with recommendations for the future.


Selected Aspects Of Educational Access For African-Americans: A Historical And Conceptual Overview, Terence Morehead Jan 1993

Selected Aspects Of Educational Access For African-Americans: A Historical And Conceptual Overview, Terence Morehead

Graduate Research Papers

Beginning in the post Civil War era, it seemed that African-Americans would be integrated into the social, political, and economic systems of the nation. The institution of slavery, however, had systematically denied a majority of these American citizens access to all but the most rudimentary forms of education (Boylan & White, 1987). In fact, many argue that the after effects of slavery continue to this day. African-American involvement in higher education was an arduous process requiring comprehensive legislative action. Blacks and Whites, dependent on each other mainly through the economic system, required an encompassing system so African-Americans would be educated …


A Vision Of Secondary School Leadership: A Reflective Essay, Reese A. Morgan Jan 1993

A Vision Of Secondary School Leadership: A Reflective Essay, Reese A. Morgan

Graduate Research Papers

Effective educational leadership involves many characteristics, skills, and attributes. Among these include vision, motivation, change, and empowerment. In addition, professional skills and future leadership skills are necessary qualities of an effective leader today. The primary purpose of this reflective paper is to examine my beliefs and values about educational administration. I will also examine and reflect upon current issues and concepts and their impact upon my vision of educational administration.


Factors Affecting Use Of Technology By Educators, Jean Lange Bengfort Jan 1993

Factors Affecting Use Of Technology By Educators, Jean Lange Bengfort

Graduate Research Papers

Technology in some form has been found in schools beginning with the printing press in the 15th century. The late 19th century brought about motion pictures followed by radio, photography, television, and videotape (Simonson & Thompson, 1990). But recently, many dramatic technological devices have become available. Powerful computers are now priced low enough for purchase in both the home and schools, as well as telecommunication devices, videodiscs, CD ROM, hypermedia, and networking systems. The microcomputer and related technologies hold promise as the medium of the future. Technology has affected the way business is transacted, medical problems are analyzed, and products …


A Vision For Administering Schools: A Reflective Essay, Christine M. Beumer Jan 1993

A Vision For Administering Schools: A Reflective Essay, Christine M. Beumer

Graduate Research Papers

Education can be restructured through strategic leadership, curriculum, evaluation, collaboration, vision, site-based management, technology, reflection, finance and life 1 long learning. Following are some of the points on how a personal vision on restructuring in education may be a success. This vision could be a framework that guides me and others through the many daily situations faced in schools, and it will provide direction in a less random and more thoughtful way. Barth (1990) wrote: Expanding the vision within the school house is an enterprise that will create schools with room enough for all of us to live and work …


Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And The Role Of The Elementary School Counselor, Sharon Ramsay Jan 1993

Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder And The Role Of The Elementary School Counselor, Sharon Ramsay

Graduate Research Papers

Ryan is eight years old and in second grade. His teacher is concerned that he is missing out on what is occurring in the classroom because of his behavior. Ryan is frequently out of his seat and disturbing other children. When the teacher gives directions, he doesn't appear to be listening. Assigned tasks are usually not completed. Ryan usually doesn't think before he acts, and often blurts out at inappropriate times. His teacher has the feeling that he wants to do well, even though he is in trouble much of the time.


Group Art Therapy In School Counseling, Janet G. Soldwish Jan 1993

Group Art Therapy In School Counseling, Janet G. Soldwish

Graduate Research Papers

Art helps children develop more intentional action, more awareness of who they are, more sensitivity in how they affect others, and more responsibility for their actions (McNiff, 1988). Children meet some of their needs for expression and self-definition through the manipulation of art materials and their development of the creative process (Congdon, 1990; Rubin, 1984). The universality of art and its ability to relate one human to another through the visual form is important for children (Ryder, 1987).


A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Faye M. Thompson Jan 1993

A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Faye M. Thompson

Graduate Research Papers

As a requirement of the "Administration of the Elementary School Curriculum" course at the University of Northern Iowa, I began a journal of my perceptions and attitudes about becoming an elementary principal. A recurring theme in that journal was that of focus. Of particular interest to me was the difference between focusing on positive possibilities rather than negative dead ends. One thing of which I am aware is that I find myself repeating in many different ways and in many different situations the idea of doing the very best I can with what I have, and not complaining about what …


Appreciation Of American Indian Traditions, Janet M. Lamont Jan 1993

Appreciation Of American Indian Traditions, Janet M. Lamont

Graduate Research Papers

Multicultural education has been mandated in many areas throughout the United States, for the need to understand other cultures, especially the neglected ones, is recognized as an important goal of education. Educators no longer have the option to ignore the study of minority groups. Simbol (1983) states that there has been a rebirth of the cultural pluralism concept. America is not a melting pot where cultures are dissolved into one new superior American culture.


A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Brian C. Litts Jan 1993

A Preferred Vision For Administering Elementary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Brian C. Litts

Graduate Research Papers

When I started my educational administrative program I had very little knowledge of all the characteristics an administrator needs to be effective. My basic beliefs stemmed from when I was an elementary pupil. These beliefs could have been summed up into three basic areas: 1. Discipline students: I thought that every principal had a list of "things" to do to students when the student was sent to the office. These "things" were designed to make the student afraid to go back to the office, which would change the behavior of the student. 2. Pay teachers: this was why the teachers …


Strategies To Address The Issues Of Survivors Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Marti Roling Jan 1993

Strategies To Address The Issues Of Survivors Of Childhood Sexual Abuse, Marti Roling

Graduate Research Papers

Many young men and women are experiencing the same dilemma as the young poet. In a study by Russell (1986), 38% of her sample reported at least one incident of incestuous and/or extrafamilial sexual abuse before reaching eighteen. Counselors, therefore, can expect to see a large number of clients with some sort of sexual abuse history. They are experiencing horrors of yesterday, needing help and needing it now. Counselors must be knowledgeable about the issues faced by these clients and about intervention strategies for helping them resolve those issues.


Group Career Planning: What A Beginning Facilitator Needs To Know, Sheila Sauve Jan 1993

Group Career Planning: What A Beginning Facilitator Needs To Know, Sheila Sauve

Graduate Research Papers

Group counseling is experiencing a growth in popularity in career planning and placement offices due to the increase in the number of students seeking these services. In addition, group counseling offers several advantages over individual counseling (Powell and Kirts, 1980). For example, group techniques provide levels of emotional support not found in one-to-one interaction (Powell and Kirts, 1980). Also, reinforcement supplied by one's peers produce a motivation for continued exploration and self assessment.


A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Robert L. Schmadeke Jan 1993

A Preferred Vision For Administering Secondary Schools: A Reflective Essay, Robert L. Schmadeke

Graduate Research Papers

During the past 22 years as a classroom teacher, a successful athletic coach, and a lead teacher in two different school districts, I have had the opportunity to observe first hand and develop strong beliefs towards the position of the secondary principalship. The past two years, while participating in the educational administration program, I have solidified my beliefs as to the responsibilities of the secondary school principal while aiming for an effective school. The major areas of emphasis in this essay are indicated through the beliefs that effective schools are influenced by effective leadership from the principal's position, effective teacher …