Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Educational Administration and Supervision (1551)
- Teacher Education and Professional Development (1146)
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (597)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (413)
- Instructional Media Design (360)
-
- Elementary and Middle and Secondary Education Administration (316)
- Other Education (284)
- Nursing (281)
- Higher Education Administration (275)
- Curriculum and Instruction (269)
- Educational Psychology (268)
- Pre-Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education (253)
- Psychology (248)
- Higher Education and Teaching (244)
- Arts and Humanities (230)
- Adult and Continuing Education Administration (209)
- Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research (209)
- Adult and Continuing Education and Teaching (208)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (177)
- Business (176)
- Science and Mathematics Education (170)
- Elementary Education and Teaching (140)
- Secondary Education and Teaching (135)
- Special Education and Teaching (135)
- Special Education Administration (131)
- Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education (124)
- Education Policy (119)
- Reading and Language (79)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (76)
- Keyword
-
- Education (169)
- Professional development (136)
- Retention (92)
- Leadership (90)
- Technology (89)
-
- Professional Development (81)
- Nursing (73)
- Reading (63)
- Self-efficacy (63)
- Mathematics (57)
- Perceptions (57)
- Inclusion (56)
- Teachers (55)
- Elementary (53)
- Evaluation (51)
- Literacy (50)
- Higher education (48)
- Motivation (48)
- Collaboration (45)
- Instruction (43)
- Engagement (40)
- Early childhood (38)
- Teacher (38)
- Higher Education (37)
- Special Education (37)
- Mentoring (36)
- Attrition (35)
- Middle school (35)
- Community college (34)
- Qualitative (34)
Articles 1 - 30 of 3662
Full-Text Articles in Education
Impact Of Traditional Education And Learner-Centered Education On Standardized Tests, Courtney Marie Winslow
Impact Of Traditional Education And Learner-Centered Education On Standardized Tests, Courtney Marie Winslow
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There is a current shortage of approximately 45,000 nurses and nursing faculty to train student nurses, a number that is projected to grow. One proposed method to combat the shortage is to transition from traditional lecture-based classrooms to a learner-centered approach. Asking or requiring faculty to transition an entire nursing program from one teaching method to another without supporting data could be a waste of valuable time and resources. It could also prove detrimental to a program if students were unable to pass the NCLEX-RN exam, and a program was forced to close. The current study examined whether there was …
A Family Perspective On Family Involvement Strategies In A Local Urban Elementary School, Barbara Ann Smith
A Family Perspective On Family Involvement Strategies In A Local Urban Elementary School, Barbara Ann Smith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThe active engagement of parents in the educational experiences of their children has been suggested to support high academic achievement for the children. In the project setting, an urban elementary school, educators were struggling to find effective strategies to promote family involvement in their children’s education. The purpose of this qualitative project study was to investigate family perspectives on family involvement strategies and potential barriers at the project setting and to determine new effective strategies to help them become more involved in their children’s education. The conceptual framework for the project is Epstein’s (2009) framework for parental involvement which explains …
Impact Of Traditional Education And Learner-Centered Education On Standardized Tests, Courtney Marie Winslow
Impact Of Traditional Education And Learner-Centered Education On Standardized Tests, Courtney Marie Winslow
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There is a current shortage of approximately 45,000 nurses and nursing faculty to train student nurses, a number that is projected to grow. One proposed method to combat the shortage is to transition from traditional lecture-based classrooms to a learner-centered approach. Asking or requiring faculty to transition an entire nursing program from one teaching method to another without supporting data could be a waste of valuable time and resources. It could also prove detrimental to a program if students were unable to pass the NCLEX-RN exam, and a program was forced to close. The current study examined whether there was …
Impact Of Traditional Education And Learner-Centered Education On Standardized Tests, Courtney Marie Winslow
Impact Of Traditional Education And Learner-Centered Education On Standardized Tests, Courtney Marie Winslow
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
There is a current shortage of approximately 45,000 nurses and nursing faculty to train student nurses, a number that is projected to grow. One proposed method to combat the shortage is to transition from traditional lecture-based classrooms to a learner-centered approach. Asking or requiring faculty to transition an entire nursing program from one teaching method to another without supporting data could be a waste of valuable time and resources. It could also prove detrimental to a program if students were unable to pass the NCLEX-RN exam, and a program was forced to close. The current study examined whether there was …
Recently Graduated U.S. High School Students’ Perspectives Of Critical Standards In Languages Other Than English, Diane Bosilevac
Recently Graduated U.S. High School Students’ Perspectives Of Critical Standards In Languages Other Than English, Diane Bosilevac
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The national world language standards created in 1996 to represent critical concepts in world languages were modified in 2015 to include real-world applications but were not developed with student input. Guided by a framework of critical theory and critical pedagogy, which gave voice to the people most affected by the standards, the purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore the perspectives of recently graduated high school students regarding the critical concepts and needed changes to the national world language standards. Interviews with nine recently graduated high school students from a Midwest U.S. public school district regarding the critical …
Exploring The Implementation Of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy To Support Black Male Middle School Students’ Success In Math, Shwanda Ifeoma Onwuachi-Robinson
Exploring The Implementation Of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy To Support Black Male Middle School Students’ Success In Math, Shwanda Ifeoma Onwuachi-Robinson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractTeachers’ understanding of the socioeconomic background may result in improved skills at addressing the barriers to the academic achievement for middle school Black male students. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding teachers’ perceptions of barriers and culturally relevant pedagogy (CRP) efficacy when educating Black students in the literature. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to gain an understanding of how teachers are implementing CRP to support the academic achievement of middle school Black male students in math. Ladson-Billings’ culturally relevant pedagogy was used as the theoretical framework for this study. This study included research questions regarding …
Teachers’ Use Of Game-Based Technology Assessment Tools In United Arab Emirates Middle Schools, Simone Saad
Teachers’ Use Of Game-Based Technology Assessment Tools In United Arab Emirates Middle Schools, Simone Saad
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Using technology in the 1:1 classroom has been a focus of scholars and has become the educational standard for many schools, especially those in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). However, researchers have demonstrated that even though access to laptops is no longer an issue in many schools, there remains low integration of engaging activities in the 1:1 classroom. The problem addressed in this study was the lack of adopting and incorporating game-based technology assessment tools at two middle schools in Abu Dhabi, UAE, both of which are 1:1 schools. The purpose of this basic qualitative project study was to better …
Effective Business Survival Strategies Among Women-Owned Small And Medium Enterprises After A Natural Disaster, Clorinda Valentina Sanders
Effective Business Survival Strategies Among Women-Owned Small And Medium Enterprises After A Natural Disaster, Clorinda Valentina Sanders
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Women business owners (WBOs) who experience natural disasters face significant challenges, such as disruption of business operations, damage, or detriment to infrastructure, decreased revenue, and low customer confidence. WBOs are concerned with business continuity and the social and economic impact of natural disasters in their communities. Grounded in the resource-based view and marketing entrepreneurship theories, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies WBOs of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) use to survive a natural disaster. The participants were four women SME owners in northeast Florida who implemented strategies to maintain business continuity during and after …
The Effects Of Parental Engagement Programs On Grades 3-5 Milestones Student Achievement, Deborah Malone
The Effects Of Parental Engagement Programs On Grades 3-5 Milestones Student Achievement, Deborah Malone
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Although the Every Student Succeeds Act sets the parameters for parents and families to be involved in their children’s education, there are no specified guidelines on how that involvement should be designed to best impact student achievement. The purpose of this study was to compare Grade 3-5 students’ mean Milestones test scores in English Language Arts, mathematics, and science (dependent variables) at two Southeastern United States elementary schools which offered parental involvement/parental engagement programs—a nonmandatory or mandatory program (independent variable), represented by School A and B, respectively. The theoretical foundations of the study were the social and human capital theory …
Parent And Teacher Perceptions Of Intermediate Students' Experiences In Virtual Intensive Reading Classes, Denise Benjamin Tate
Parent And Teacher Perceptions Of Intermediate Students' Experiences In Virtual Intensive Reading Classes, Denise Benjamin Tate
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The learning gap between intermediate students on grade level and those below grade level continues to grow. Intermediate students with below-grade-level reading comprehension skills struggle with informational texts and across-content material. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore parent and teacher perceptions of intermediate students’ experiences in virtual intensive reading classes. The conceptual frameworks were Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development and social learning and Epstein’s model of parental involvement, which supports learning through interaction and support. The research questions included changes teachers observed in the reading patterns of their intermediate students enrolled in virtual intensive reading classes, …
Perspectives Of Middle School Teachers About The Use Of Virtual Reality For Learning Spanish, Betty N. Ukera-Kajoh
Perspectives Of Middle School Teachers About The Use Of Virtual Reality For Learning Spanish, Betty N. Ukera-Kajoh
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Foreign language education in the United States has historically produced poor outcomes, with very few language learners achieving communicative competence. The increasing global demand for multilingual professionals makes the issue a salient one. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore the perspectives of U.S. middle school Spanish teachers about the use of virtual reality (VR) as an instructional tool for developing communicative competence in Spanish language. The research question, which was informed by Canale and Swain’s communicative competence theory, and educational technology theory by Huang, et al., addressed middle school Spanish teachers’ perspectives regarding their use of …
High School Teachers’ Experiences And Perceptions Facilitating Student Discourse And Collaborative Structures For English Language Learners In Biology, Chrissy Ann Brouwer
High School Teachers’ Experiences And Perceptions Facilitating Student Discourse And Collaborative Structures For English Language Learners In Biology, Chrissy Ann Brouwer
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The problem that was addressed in this study was that the academic needs of English Language Learners (ELLs) were not being met in biology classes in high schools in the local district because teachers were not consistently facilitating instruction using the required strategies of student discourse and collaborative structures. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore teachers’ successes, challenges, and need for supports when using the required strategies with their ELLs. Knowles’ theory of andragogy and Shulman’s theory of pedagogical content knowledge guided this study examining how the adults’ learning of the required strategies impacted their ability to …
Historically Black Colleges And Universities' Faculty Experiences With Online Course Design, Ashley Burton
Historically Black Colleges And Universities' Faculty Experiences With Online Course Design, Ashley Burton
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Quality online course design requires course designers to make carefully informed decisions based on current resources and considerations for the learner. Some faculty at historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) design online learning without the assistance of instructional designers, training, or a technological infrastructure that supports online learning. To date, there is a shortage of scholarly research about how HBCU faculty design online courses and what supports or barriers exist for them. Thus, this basic qualitative research study aimed to understand faculty’s online course design experiences at HBCUs. Instructional design, adult learning theory, and the HBCU context formed the conceptual …
Comparison Of Rural Associate Degree Nursing Students’ Clinical Judgment After Curriculum Change, Karen Bowen
Comparison Of Rural Associate Degree Nursing Students’ Clinical Judgment After Curriculum Change, Karen Bowen
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
New graduate nurses often lack adequate clinical judgment skills to practice competent nursing care, which may result in increased risk of committing practice errors that threaten patient safety. To mitigate errors in patient safety, industry leaders have called for nursing program improvements in preparation of nursing students’ clinical judgement as they transition to professional practice. Guided by Tanner’s clinical judgment theory, the rural state nursing programs in this study implemented a concept-based curriculum to promote clinical judgment which includes thinking skills, priority setting, and management of care. The purpose of this three-part, quantitative, nonexperimental study was to compare the development …
Perceptions Of Teachers Regarding Instructional Strategies For Low Ses Students, Lesley Legere
Perceptions Of Teachers Regarding Instructional Strategies For Low Ses Students, Lesley Legere
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Low socioeconomic status (SES) students tend to have poorer academic achievement in language arts and mathematics. One of the biggest influences for the academic success of low SES students is the use of varying instructional strategies. This problem is important because all students should receive an equitable education regardless of status. The purpose of the study was to investigate teachers’ perceptions regarding how they support low SES students in their academic achievement in language arts and mathematics. The conceptual framework for this study was based on Hersey and Blanchard’s situational leadership theory, which suggested that teachers are leaders who modify …
Teachers’ Perceptions Of Social Emotional Learning Instruction And High Residential Mobility Students’ Reading Literacy, Janel Dorene Morris
Teachers’ Perceptions Of Social Emotional Learning Instruction And High Residential Mobility Students’ Reading Literacy, Janel Dorene Morris
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Based on recommendations from research, leaders in a north Texas public school district implemented social emotional learning (SEL) to address academic gaps among high residential mobility (HRM) students. Incorporating SEL instruction improves academic achievement 11 percentile points on average; however, in Adoniram School District (ASD), 2021 passing rates fell 8% from 2019 despite adopting SEL curriculum. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore how ASD elementary teachers instructed SEL, and their perceptions of how SEL techniques influenced HRM elementary students’ reading literacy development. The study on social and emotional skills (SSES) conceptual framework guided this study because …
Comparison Of The Effects Of Telehealth Versus N95 On Nurse-Patient Communication, Tony Christopher Bloomfield
Comparison Of The Effects Of Telehealth Versus N95 On Nurse-Patient Communication, Tony Christopher Bloomfield
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Telehealth and face masks are some of the infection control measures nurses use while attending to patients. Nurses provide the most patient care in hospital settings and thus spend the most time with patients in their recovery journey. Because communication is paramount to the role nurses play as health care professionals, there is a substantial need to investigate how infection control measures affect the quality of nurse-patient communication. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to describe the relationship of methods aimed at maintaining social distancing between nurses and patients to nurse-patient communication and to compare differences in the …
Education Program To Increase Nurses' Knowledge Of Faith Community Nursing, Lovell Thurmon Sweeten Cartwright
Education Program To Increase Nurses' Knowledge Of Faith Community Nursing, Lovell Thurmon Sweeten Cartwright
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThe practice problem was a group of nurses practicing as faith community nurses (FCNs) who had no training in FCN practice, a specialty recognized by the American Nurses Association. This problem was important to address within the context of nursing practice because the nurses could have acted outside of their scope of practice and caused harm. The practice-focused question addressed whether a staff education program for FCNs would increase their knowledge of their role in a church setting with the goal of developing independent FCNs. The model guiding the project was the health promotion model. Eleven registered nurses were recruited …
The Interrelationship Between Sensorimotor Deficits And Maladaptive Behavior In The Classroom, L B Marie Filion
The Interrelationship Between Sensorimotor Deficits And Maladaptive Behavior In The Classroom, L B Marie Filion
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Mainstreaming special education students has created challenges for teachers, resulting in significant lesson time allocated to classroom disruptions related to maladaptive behavior. This correlational study examined the extent to which specific sensorimotor deficits predict maladaptive behavior among special education students (aged 8-12 years) based on archival data of teacher assessments in New Zealand. Piaget’s cognitive and affective development theory was used as the theoretical foundation. Results from standard multiple regression demonstrated that higher levels of sensorimotor deficits (vision, touch, taste and smell, body awareness, balance and motion) predicted high levels of maladaptive behavior (internalizing, externalizing, and overall maladaptive behavior indices); …
Professional Staffing Small Business Strategies For Reducing Voluntary Employee, Gwendolyn L. Johnson
Professional Staffing Small Business Strategies For Reducing Voluntary Employee, Gwendolyn L. Johnson
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Some small business owners need help reducing voluntary employee turnover, often putting the business at risk for performance failure. Grounded in Herzberg’s two-factor theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies professional staffing small business owners used to decrease voluntary employee turnover. The participants were five professional staffing small business leaders in the Washington, D.C., area with successful strategies to retain talented employees. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and analyzed using Yin’s five-step process. Three themes emerged: (a) employee recognition, (b) communication, and (c) advancement and training. A key recommendation for small business owners …
Upper Elementary School Teachers’ Perceptions Of Using Audiobooks For Reluctant Readers, Richard Michael Joseph
Upper Elementary School Teachers’ Perceptions Of Using Audiobooks For Reluctant Readers, Richard Michael Joseph
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The problem that prompted this study was that educators’ perceptions were unknown regarding the use of audiobooks in classroom settings to help reluctant readers develop independent reading habits at a suburban elementary school in Southeast Michigan. This lack of awareness represents a gap in practice that reflects a potential need for increased understanding about how the use of audiobooks in classroom settings may help reluctant readers develop independent reading habits. The purpose of this basic qualitative project study was to examine third through fifth grade educators’ perceptions on the use of audiobooks in classroom settings to help reluctant readers develop …
The Effects Of Gender, Age, And Year Of Study On Occupational Therapy Students’ Social Media Competency, Vikram Pagpatan
The Effects Of Gender, Age, And Year Of Study On Occupational Therapy Students’ Social Media Competency, Vikram Pagpatan
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Occupational therapy students (OTSs) who misuse social media within academic and clinical learning environments may increase the instances of ethical health care violations and breaches of professional codes of conduct. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to assess the social media competency (SMC) scores of OTSs based on year of study, age, and gender. As a result, the research questions were developed to compare the SMC of OTSs based on year of study, age, and gender. The study was grounded by Bandura’s social learning theory and a rationale for allowing social media use in the curriculum. An archived …
Teachers' Perspectives Of Implementing Language Modeling In Pre-Kindergarten Classrooms, Gena R. Puckett
Teachers' Perspectives Of Implementing Language Modeling In Pre-Kindergarten Classrooms, Gena R. Puckett
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Teachers’ language modeling skills are important for children’s language development and school readiness. However, 34% of pre-kindergarten (pre-K) classrooms score in the low range on the language modeling dimension of the CLassroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) observation tool within the instructional support domain in a southern state. For this basic qualitative study, the purpose and research questions explored pre-K teachers’ perspectives on the challenges of implementing language modeling and the type of support they need to improve language modeling skills in a southern state. The conceptual framework that guided the study was Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory, specifically the concepts of the …
Non-Native Educators’ Interpretation Of Culturally Responsive Pedagogy With Mojave Students, Cellina Marie Reyes
Non-Native Educators’ Interpretation Of Culturally Responsive Pedagogy With Mojave Students, Cellina Marie Reyes
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThe non-Mojave teachers are struggling to implement culturally responsive pedagogy practices to meet the educational needs of Fort Mojave students from a rural reservation. Research indicates that all students should be provided with responsive pedagogical practices that allow them to be engaged in the classroom. The purpose of this basic qualitative study is to investigate how non-Mojave classroom teachers are implementing culturally responsive pedagogy and what their perceived needs are when teaching Fort Mojave students in an elementary school located in southwestern, Arizona. Culturally responsive pedagogy was used as a practical theoretical framework through the incorporation of Gay’s four teacher …
Perceptions Of Veteran Middle And High School Stem Teachers On Integrating Tablets Into The Classroom, Joanie Marie Rice
Perceptions Of Veteran Middle And High School Stem Teachers On Integrating Tablets Into The Classroom, Joanie Marie Rice
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Abstract Despite the availability of technology for instruction, veteran science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) teachers are still reluctant to incorporate recent technologies, such as tablets, into the classroom. This qualitative case study was conducted to explore the perceptions of eight middle and high school veteran STEM teachers integrating tablets into the classroom. This study focused on how veteran STEM teachers viewed the integration of tablets into the school, the challenges experienced when integrating tablets into the classroom, and the opportunities that experienced STEM teachers observed when integrating tablets into the classroom based on the technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) …
Leadership Strategies That Support The Reduction Of Student Discipline Problems, Aaron J. Rose, Sr.
Leadership Strategies That Support The Reduction Of Student Discipline Problems, Aaron J. Rose, Sr.
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThe problem addressed in this study is that, in a rural Title I public school in the Northeastern United States, administrators have struggled to implement leadership strategies to support the reduction of student discipline issues in the classroom. The purpose of the study was to investigate how administrators implement leadership strategies that are intended to reduce student discipline issues in the classroom. The conceptual framework was developed from DeMatthews’s leadership theory and Wachtel’s restorative justice theory, which describe systems intended to build and restore relationships in schools and thereby reduce conflicts. The research question explored how administrators implement leadership strategies …
Experiences And Perceptions Of Local Diocesan Catholic School Teachers Regarding The Progress Of Their Implementation Of Project-Based Learning In The Classroom, Donna Lee Saladino
Experiences And Perceptions Of Local Diocesan Catholic School Teachers Regarding The Progress Of Their Implementation Of Project-Based Learning In The Classroom, Donna Lee Saladino
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractAfter finding research confirming that the innovative approach of project-based learning (PBL) improves 21st century education for all students, the administrators of a large local diocesan Catholic school system (LDCSS) initiated PBL implementation in their schools. The problem was that after 6 years it was not known how the teachers were experiencing and perceiving their progress with this implementation in the classrooms. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to discover and understand LDCSS teachers’ experiences and perceptions of their progress of PBL implementation in the classroom. The conceptual framework for the study comprised John Dewey’s educational philosophy of …
Evaluators' Perceptions On The Quality Of Training For Conducting Classroom Observations, Mark Williams
Evaluators' Perceptions On The Quality Of Training For Conducting Classroom Observations, Mark Williams
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
AbstractThere is a problem in the state of Michigan’s evaluation system regarding the training received by those conducting classroom teacher observations. A performance gap between teachers and students and provides training solutions for classroom observers was identified. The purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore the perceptions of school administrators regarding their preparedness and ability to conduct effective observations of teachers. Social cognitive theory and its six constructs was the conceptual framework used for this research study. Research questions addressed the perceptions of school administrators about the training they have received and their need for additional training. A …
Exploring School Leadership To Improve Graduation Rates For High School Ell Students In A Northeastern State, Scott Matthew Jaquith
Exploring School Leadership To Improve Graduation Rates For High School Ell Students In A Northeastern State, Scott Matthew Jaquith
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
English languages learners (ELLs) are the fastest-growing student population in the United States. Federal mandates, including the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) of 2015, provide guidance and resources to states and local school districts to remove barriers for ELL students. Despite guidelines from one northeastern state to increase professional development, improve metrics to assess proficiency growth, and provide family outreach to support ELLs, school leaders have not achieved this goal of raising graduation rates for ELLs so they are comparable with their non-ELL peers. This project study uses a transformational leadership framework to explore perceptions of principals, assistant principals, and …
Recently Graduated U.S. High School Students’ Perspectives Of Critical Standards In Languages Other Than English, Diane Bosilevac
Recently Graduated U.S. High School Students’ Perspectives Of Critical Standards In Languages Other Than English, Diane Bosilevac
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The national world language standards created in 1996 to represent critical concepts in world languages were modified in 2015 to include real-world applications but were not developed with student input. Guided by a framework of critical theory and critical pedagogy, which gave voice to the people most affected by the standards, the purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore the perspectives of recently graduated high school students regarding the critical concepts and needed changes to the national world language standards. Interviews with nine recently graduated high school students from a Midwest U.S. public school district regarding the critical …