Education Commons^™

Correlation Between Allostatic Load And Endothelial Function, Ethan Joergensen, Justo Perez, Jasdeep Kaur

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Allostasis refers to the body’s innate adaptive ability to maintain homeostasis following exposure to acute and dynamic stressors. Chronic exposure to physical and/or psychological stress can lead to dysregulation of this stress response mechanism, leading to physiological dysfunction. The aggregate result of these stressors on the body is measured by calculating an individual’s allostatic load (AL), which is a score that represents the magnitude of degenerative stress-related physiological changes present in the body by assessing a variety of pertinent biomarkers and physical measurements. PURPOSE – Our goal in this study was to examine the concept of allostatic overload as it …

Comparison Of Oxygen Consumption In 4-Second Sprint Interval Exercise With Varied Intensity And Rest Period, Remzi Satiroglu, Christos Kyrillou, Jieting Wang, Edward Coyle

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sprint interval training (SIT) is usually performed at maximal ‘all-out’ intensities, that are 5-8-times higher than the power needed to elicit VO_2peak. However, the %VO_2peak associated with repeated submaximal power sprints (%P_max), particularly when paired with varying rest periods, remains unknown. Investigating the %VO_2peak in repeated submaximal power sprints is pivotal, enabling the personalization of workout routines to specific training goals.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the acute physiological responses induced by three levels of %P_max intensities (50%, 75%, and 100% of P_max) with three varying …

Relationship Between Body Composition, Body Fat Distribution, And Blood Lipids Among Law Enforcement Officers: Part 1, Jacob Broeckel, Megan Leonard, Anisha Patel, Broderick L. Dickerson, Ryan J. Sowinski, Matthew J. Mcallister, Drew E. Gonzalez, Steven E. Martin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Law enforcement officers (LEOs) have a high-stress occupation which is prone to cardiovascular disease (CVD). In fact, data suggest that LEOs have a 1.7-fold higher CVD prevalence versus the general public, in addition to 40.5% of LEOs being classified as obese. However, research is lacking regarding the relationship between body composition, body fat distribution, and blood lipid panels as it pertains to CVD risk in LEOs. PURPOSE: To determine if body composition and fat distribution measures correlate with predictive lipid markers in LEOs. METHODS: Forty-three LEOs (age = 41.7±9.6 yrs; weight = 91.9±15.4 kg; height = 179.8±8.7 cm; …

Effects Of Endurance Training On Skeletal Muscle Mass And Inflammation In A Rat Model Of Heart Failure, Aaron Garcia, Dillon Harris, Quinten Pigg, Daniela Sayuri Inoue, Mariana Janini Gomes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Chronic disease states including heart failure (HF) often lead to reduced physical activity, resulting in disuse and low-level systemic inflammation, which contribute to the decline in muscle mass and function. An important goal of therapy in HF patients is to counteract or prevent the development of skeletal muscle alterations in order to restore a normal functional capacity. Exercise is an established means of improving exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with HF. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the impact of an endurance program on skeletal muscle mass and inflammation in a rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-induced …

Racial Differences In Cerebral Hemodynamics During Aerobic Exercise, Ziba Taherzadeh, Claire E. Kissel, Taha Alhalimi, Paul J. Fadel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Young healthy non-Hispanic Black (BL) adults have an attenuated increase in blood flow to working skeletal muscle during exercise compared to non-Hispanic white (WH) adults. Cerebral blood flow also increases during exercise; however, previous work has mainly included WH adults. There are no studies investigating potential differences in cerebral vascular responses to exercise in BL adults. PURPOSE: To compare middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) and cerebral vascular conductance index (CVCi) during exercise in BL adults to WH adults. We tested the hypothesis that BL adults have a blunted increase in MCAvmean and CVCi response during light and moderate intensity …

Blood Pressure Variability In Young Male Adult Habitual Vapers, Rie V. Conley, Claire E. Kissell, Ziba Taherzadeh, Danny Dubroy, Benjamin E. Young, Ziyad Ben Taleb, Paul J. Fadel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The use of e-cigarettes (i.e., vaping) has risen dramatically in the last few years. Vaping is more appealing and accessible to young people than traditional smoking. The ease of use can increase the frequency of vaping, which may increase the amount of nicotine consumed. Nicotine is a potent vasoconstrictor that may also affect blood pressure (BP). Indeed, previous studies have shown that traditional cigarette smoking increases BP variability. This is noteworthy because elevated BP variability has been shown to predict future development of cardiovascular disease. However, whether habitual vaping influences BP variability remains unknown. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis …

Hemodynamic Differentials Between Sexes After Different Orders Of Upper- And Lower-Body Resistance Exercise, Alissa Olvera, Ryan D. Russell, Andrea Toledo, Abigail Gomez, Sophia Moreno, Yu Lun Tai

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Diversifying upper- and lower-body resistance exercise (RE) sequences has been demonstrated to elicit various hemodynamic responses. However, the effects of various upper- and lower-body RE orders on hemodynamics between sexes remains unexplored. PURPOSE: To assess how the sequence of upper- and lower-body resistance exercises impacts hemodynamics between sexes. METHODS: Eleven men and ten women (23±3 vs. 22±2 years old) volunteered the study. Hemodynamic measurements, including mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were assessed at rest, 15-20 (R1), and 25-30 (R2) minutes after either upper- and lower-body RE (UL) …

Influence Of Evening Binge Alcohol Consumption On Sympathetic Transduction, Tatiana X. Solis Montenegro, Stephen Bender, Jennifer R. Bigalke, Jeremy A. Bigalke, Jason R. Carter

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Evening alcohol consumption elicits an exaggerated increase in morning-after sympathoexcitation and heart rate, yet the effects of evening binge drinking on neural-cardiovascular coupling the morning after alcohol remain unknown. PURPOSE: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of evening binge alcohol consumption on sympathetic vascular transduction by examining blood pressure following bursts of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). We hypothesized that evening alcohol would exaggerate morning-after blood pressure response to MSNA. METHODS: Twenty-nine healthy participants (14 men, 15 women; 28 2 yrs; 27 1 kg/m²) underwent a two-condition, randomized crossover design (i.e. alcohol drinking vs. …

Different Orders Of Combined Upper- And Lower-Body Resistance Exercise Induce Different Pulse Wave Reflection Responses Induce In Resistance-Trained Young Women, Andrea Toledo, Yu Lun Tai, Alissa Olvera, Sophia Moreno, Abigail Gomez, Melody Cantu, Ryan D. Russell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Varying the orders of UL and LU resistance exercise (RE) has been shown to induce different cardiovascular responses in active men. However, various orders of upper- and lower-body RE on pulse wave reflection in resistance-trained young women is unknown. PURPOSE: To evaluate the pulse wave reflection in resistance-trained young women based on the effects of different orders of upper- and lower-body RE. METHODS: Twelve resistance-trained young women (22±2 yrs) completed the study. Pulse wave reflection was assessed at rest, 10 (R1), and 20 (R2) minutes after either upper- and lower-body RE (UL) or lower- and upper-body RE (LU) for …

Hemodynamic Responses To Blood Flow Restriction Exercise With Different Types Of Cuffs, Lin-Sheng Chen, Philippe Brosselin Perez Palma, Natalie Mclaurin, Daniela Charry Segura, Francisco Aguilar, Hirofumi Tanaka

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

While blood flow restriction (BFR) training has gained popularity, the original narrow elastic (NE) design featured in the Kaatsu bands has been gradually replaced by wide-rigid (WR) nylon blood pressure cuffs that are cheaper and easily available. We demonstrated that using WR cuffs resulted in marked increases in blood pressure and myocardial oxygen demand during BFR walking exercise compared with NE bands. Currently, the hemodynamic responses to BFR resistance exercise using different types of cuffs are unknown. PURPOSE: To compare blood pressure and physiological responses before and after BFR resistance exercise with WR cuffs and NE bands. METHODS: …

The Effectiveness Of Running Power As A Metric Of Exercise Intensity During Running Interval Training, Eric A. Lambert, Dustin W. Davis, Matahn Blank, Tashari A. Carballo, Elias M. Malek, Kathryn Lei A. Lavin, Thea Sweder, Nicole Argueta, Marcus M. Lawrence, James W. Navalta, Jeffrey Cowley

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Wearable power meters are increasingly popular among runners with Coros and Stryd offering running power as a real-time, trackable of a metric. PURPOSE: This study compared running power (RP) to physiological measures, heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO₂), across high and low intensity running intervals. METHODS: Thirteen adult participants (n = 6 male; height = 174.9 ± 6.9 cm; mass = 72.5 ± 12.0 kg) were equipped with a Stryd 27 RP meter, a Polar H10 HR monitor, and a Cosmed K5 portable metabolic unit. Participants’ self-selected RP was obtained during a 10-min run on …

Acute Heat Stress On Blood Composition & Body Fluid In Young And Middle-Aged Individuals, Kaitlyn Strong, Olivia Leach, Jayson Gifford

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sauna therapy has been shown to have benefits to cardiovascular health. Changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin, and plasma volume in response to sauna heating are not well defined in the middle-aged population. This population is of significant interest because of an increased rate of decline in cardiovascular health starting at middle age. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of acute sauna exposure on blood composition, specifically the change in plasma volume in young and middle-aged adults. METHODS: 10 young (24.9 ± 4.2 years, 6 male and 4 female) and 8 middle-aged adults (55.6 ± 3.9 …

Social Jetlag Inhibits Exercise-Induced Adaptations In The Heart And Alters Markers Of Mitochondrial Dynamics, Graham R. Mcginnis, Michael B. Dial, Elias M. Malek, Greco Neblina, Austin Cooper, Nikoleta Vasileva, Tanner Erwin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Social jetlag (SJL), or the shifting of behavior and sleep times between weekdays and weekends, is a pervasive form of circadian rhythm disruption that affects nearly 70% of the population to some extent. The magnitude of SJL can be determined by the difference in the mid-sleep phase between weekends and weekdays. Higher levels of SJL have been associated with lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, and increased incidence of cardiometabolic disease, which may be due, in part, to mitochondrial dysfunction. However, no studies to date have evaluated the effects of long term SJL on cardiac mitochondrial dynamics. PURPOSE: To determine …

Differential Contribution Of Cardiac And Peripheral Blood Flow To Metaboreceptor-Mediated Pressor Responses In Autism Spectrum Disorder, Matthew Pizano Gomez, Gabriel B. Carlota, Stephanie S. Wang, Areum K. Jensen

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience a higher prevalence of hypertension than the general population. Abnormal blood pressure (BP) response to acute exercise is seen in hypertension. BP response evoked during exercise is the outcome of a central interaction between neural inputs such as the exercise pressor reflex. However, it is unclear if this neurocardiovascular interaction is altered differently to regulate BP during exercise in ASD. PURPOSE: To determine whether contributions of cardiac and peripheral blood flow to metaboreceptor-mediated pressor responses are different during exercise in ASD. METHODS: 21 young adults with and without ASD completed the study. …

Walking With Blood Flow Restriction Elicits Postexercise Hypotension In Prehypertensive Individuals, Dae Sik Song, Geoffrey Dorsett, Justine Wills, Iridian Valdivia, Isaac Sumaran, Jong-Kyung Kim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

It is well documented that prehypertension is associated with increased risk of developing into the future hypertension and cardiovascular events. Exercise is well known as one of the best nonpharmacological treatments for prehypertension to prevent future hypertension development. Blood flow restriction (BFR) training have been known to improve health-related components of physical fitness such as body composition, muscular strength and endurance, and aerobic capacity. However, there is still paucity of research that BFR exercise induces postexercise hypotension. PURPOSE: accordingly, the goal of this study was to assess that BFR exercise is more effective in reducing blood pressure (BP) compared to …

Effects Of Chronic Grape Seed Extract Supplementation On Muscle Metaboreflex In Young Prehypertensive Individuals, Dongnyeuck Seo, Carmen Wardwell, Dae Sik Song, Joslyn Leage, Isaac Sumaran, Jong-Kyung Kim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Previously, our laboratory demonstrated that acute grape seed extract (GSE) substantially reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) in response to static exercise (SE) and post exercise muscular ischemia (PEMI) in normotensive young adults. However, limited evidence has reported regarding the potential beneficial effects of this extract on blood pressure (BP) induced by the muscle metaboreflex (MMR) activation in prehypertensive individuals. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare effects of 7 days of GSE supplementation and placebo (PL) on hemodynamic response to SE and PEMI. METHODS: Subjects were randomly assigned via a double-blind, cross-over design to receive either GSE (600 …

Effects Of 7 Days Of Grape Seed Extract Supplementation On Heart Rate Recovery In Young Prehypertensive Individuals, Isaac Sumaran, Dongnyeuck Seo, Carmen Wardwell, Dae Sik Song, Joslyn Leage, Jong-Kyung Kim

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Evidence suggested heart rate recovery (HRR) is a useful maker to evaluate cardiac sympathetic function. Prehypertension is characterized by overactive sympathetic output and dysfunction of cardiac parasympathetic activity and associated with delayed HRR. Even though dietary supplementation with grape seed extract (GSE) elicits the production of nitric oxide, limited evidence has reported regarding the potential beneficial effects of this extract on HRR. Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare effects of 7 days of GSE supplementation and placebo (PL) on HRR for 5 min after graded exercise. Methods: Subjects were randomly assigned via a double-blind, cross-over design to …

Vascular Alteration With Postural Change As Observed Using The Anterior Tibial Artery: A Pilot Study, Camille L. Nguyen, Kassity D. Clay, Pat R. Vehrs Facsm, Aaron W. Johnson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Plantar fasciopathy and plantar fasciosis are common lower extremity conditions. Vascular health is an important aspect of plantar fascia health. Footwear choices are thought to influence lower extremity vascular flow, but how the anterior tibial artery is affected by purely postural changes over time is unknown. PURPOSE: To observe the anterior tibial artery vascular alterations over a ten-minute period after transitioning from a sitting to a standing position while barefoot. METHODS: Nine participants (age= 23.8yrs ±2.5, height= 176.0cm ±8.0, weight= 69.8kg ±10.2) were recruited from Brigham Young University for a single 30-minute visit. The participants had no previous …

Examining Stroke Volume Changes During Exercise In Healthy Young Adults, Thomas Clark, Anthony Ciccone, Zane Evans, Keslee Stephenson, Chandler Rose, Carlos Goff, Shane Draper, Nicolas Clark

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cardiac output is determined by the combination of heart rate and stroke volume. While heart rate is primarily influenced by cardiac autonomic input, stroke volume's behavior is more intricate due to the interplay between myocardial response to stretch (Frank-Starling law) and adrenergic changes in contractility. No consensus exist on its behavior during exercise despite extensive data. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess how normalized stroke volume scores (SV) change in young, healthy adult males during a graded exercise test to exhaustion (GXT). METHODS: Participants (n=20; age=22.9±2.4; BMI=23.7±2.4) were instructed to abstain from engaging in vigorous …

Individuals Wearing Cleats Transitioning From Sitting To Standing Demonstrate A Significant Decrease In Blood Flow To The Foot, Mel Harsh, Chase Tomlinson, Adam Mortensen, Kassity D. Clay, Adam Ranck, Camile Nguyen, Pat R. Vehrs Facsm, Aaron W. Johnson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Plantar fasciopathy is a common foot condition with 10% prevalence in the general population. Plantar fasciosis (a type of fasciopathy) is considered a degenerative condition associated with cell death due to a lack of blood flow. Narrow, tight footwear, such as cleats, have been implicated as a potential contributing factors for the development of plantar fasciopathy and their direct influence on blood flow to the foot is currently unknown. PURPOSE: To investigate blood flow change in the anterior and posterior tibial arteries between sitting and standing in a cleated foot. METHODS: Eight individuals participated in this pilot study (weight=70.5 kg±12.9, …

Comparative Investigation Of Foot Blood Flow Dynamics: A Study Of The Anterior And Posterior Tibial Arteries In The Sitting Vs. Standing Positions, Chase Tomlinson, Mel Harsh, Camile Nguyen, Lee J Hinkle, Kalissa Cox, Pat R. Vehrs Facsm, Aaron W. Johnson

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Optimal blood circulation is crucial to perform activities of daily living and for living a healthy life. For example, insufficient blood flow to the foot contributes to the development of foot pathology such as plantar fasciopathy. An unshod simulation of tight and narrow shoes showed decrease blood flow to the foot. PURPOSE: This study investigated if there was a significant decrease in blood flow to the foot via the anterior and posterior tibial arteries when an unshod person transitions from sitting to standing. METHODS: Nine individuals participated in this pilot study (age=24.7±4.4, weight=72.7kg±8.8, height=1.8m±0.07). For the sitting position, …

Hemodynamic And Metabolic Responses To Moderate And Vigorous Cycle Ergometry In Men With Transtibial Amputation, Kionte Storey, Adam Geschwindt, Todd Astorino Ph.D

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Adults with amputation face barriers to an active lifestyle which attenuates cardiorespiratory fitness. Prior studies in amputees typically involve treadmill walking or arm ergometry, yet physiological responses to leg cycling are less understood. PURPOSE: To assess hemodynamic and metabolic responses to moderate and vigorous cycle ergometry in men with transtibial amputation (TTA), with broader application towards exercise programming. METHODS: Using a randomized within-subjects crossover design, five men with unilateral TTA (age = 39 ± 15 yr) and six able-bodied controls (CON) (age = 31 ± 11 yr) performed two 20 min bouts of cycling differing in intensity.Cardiac output (CO), …

Can We Calculate Mean Arterial Pressure In Humans?, Matthew M. Howrey, Tiffany L. Brazile, Bryce N. Balmain, Andrew R. Tomlinson, James P. Macnamara, Tony G. Babb, Benjamin D. Levine, Satyam Sarma, Christopher M. Hearon Jr, Denis J. Wakeham

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mean arterial pressure (MAP) is either measured with an oscillometric cuff and then systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures are estimated from an unknown algorithm; or SBP and DBP are measured via auscultation and MAP calculated using measures of systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic pressure (DBP), and a form-factor (FF; equation: [(SBP-DBP)*FF]+DBP). The typical FF used is 0.33 though others (0.4) have been proposed. Recent work indicates that estimation of aortic MAP via a FF leads to inaccurate values and should therefore be interpreted with caution, whether this is the case for local MAP is unknown. While the implications for …

Adiposity And High-Density Lipoprotein Are Reflective Of Blood Pressure Among Individuals Without Hypertension, Joshua Labadah, Jehu Apaflo, Gabriel Narvaez, Victoria Rocha, Sudip Bajpeyi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Obesity and abnormal lipid profiles have been linked to hypertension and other cardiometabolic risks. Early identification of cardiovascular risks factors in healthy individuals is important for disease prevention and maintaining a high quality of life. PURPOSE: This study sought to determine whether adiposity and lipid profile in a non-hypertensive, otherwise healthy population, is associated with blood pressure, a hallmark of cardiovascular disease risk. METHODS: Seventy-seven individuals (34 males 43 females; age 25.4 ±7.7 years; BMI 27.2 ± 5.2 kg/m²) without hypertension (systolic blood pressure (SBP) 110.3 ± 10.3 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 71.48 ± 7.93 …

Pressor And Sympathetic Responses To Graded Skeletal Muscle Metaboreflex Activation In Females With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis, Claire E. Trotter, Benjamin E. Young, Caitlin P. Jarrard, Scott A. Smith, Paul J. Fadel, Mu Huang, Scott L. Davis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive disease characterized by demyelination in the central nervous system which disproportionately impacts females. Previous studies suggest MS-related exercise intolerance may be due to abnormal control of arterial blood pressure (BP) via the skeletal muscle metaboreflex. However, few studies have been performed and equivocal results reported. Discontinuity in prior data may be due to limited perturbation of metaboreflex activation using only low and moderate intensity exercise. PURPOSE: The purpose of this investigation was to test the hypothesis that females with MS have blunted BP and sympathetic responses to graded static handgrip (HG) exercise and isolated …

Biomechanical Characteristics Of The Carotid Artery During Aerobic Exercise, Manuel Gomez, Samuel Montalvo, Alejandro Sanchez, Progga Hassan, Alvaro N. Gurovich

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cardiovascular disease is known as the leading cause of death, including coronary artery disease and stroke. Atherosclerosis is responsible for 9 in every 10 cases of stroke. The prevention of stroke and other cardiovascular diseases is possible through aerobic exercise (AE). However, not much is known about the biomechanical characteristics of the carotid artery during AE. PURPOSE: To estimate arterial stiffness in-vivo during submaximal cycling exercise at three different exercise intensities. METHODS: 20 apparently healthy young adults participated in two laboratory visits. First visit, subjects were laid down on a medical bed, in which resting pressure, maximal/minimal artery …

Investigating The Relationship Between Peripheral Microvascular And Cerebral Vascular Vasodilator Function In College-Aged Individuals, John Kolade, John Akins, Alison Ortiz, Robert Brothers

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Peripheral vascular dysfunction is predictive of numerous conditions including hypertension, type II diabetes, and coronary heart disease. Likewise, impaired cerebral vascular function is linked to neurocognitive conditions including Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias, cognitive dysfunction, and stroke. Previous research has reported no relationship between peripheral and extracranial macrovascular function within individuals. However, to our knowledge, no studies have examined the relationship between peripheral microvascular and cerebral vascular function within individuals. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that peripheral microvascular and cerebral vascular function would not be similar within young healthy individuals. METHODS: Data was collected in 59 participants (45 female; …

Sex Differences In The Relationship Between Baroreflex Effectiveness Index And Spontaneous Cardiac Baroreflex Sensitivity, Ziba Taherzadeh, Nicole A. Garza, Rachel J. Skow, Benjamin E. Young, Paul J. Fadel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Baroreflex effectiveness index (BEI) is a relatively new measure used to assess cardiac baroreflex function. It is unclear whether BEI provides independent or complementary information compared to traditional spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) measures. PURPOSE: The purpose of this project was to begin to explore the relationship between BEI and BRS in young adults and to investigate the impact of sex on these potential relationships. We hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation between BEI and BRS in both males and females. METHODS: We studied 45 young healthy adults, 17 males (24 ± 4 years) and 28 …

Sex, But Not Spontaneous Cardiovagal Baroreflex Sensitivity, Predicts Tolerance To Simulated Hemorrhage, Caitlin Jarrard, Joseph C. Watso, Zachary J. Mckenna, Josh Foster, Whitley C. Atkins, Mu Huang, Gilbert Moralez, Craig G. Crandall

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Some, but not all studies, suggest that spontaneous cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (cBRS; i.e., autonomic control of heart rate) is lower in females. However, it is unknown whether cBRS values are associated with hemorrhagic tolerance, which has repeatedly been demonstrated to be lower in females. PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that resting spontaneous cBRS is lower in females and that cBRS is associated with differences in hemorrhagic tolerance between the sexes. METHODS: 25 females (age: 26 ± 6 years) and 27 males (age: 30 ± 5 years) completed a progressive lower-body negative pressure (LBNP …

Relationships Between Anthropometric Variables And The Internal Carotid Blood Flow, Alexandra M. Blades, Jose M. Moris, Ryan Curtis, Christian J. Chang, Vineet K. Paidisetty, Garett Petty, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Assessment of peak systolic velocity (PSV) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is utilized to examine stroke-symptomatic individuals for ICA stenosis. While a sedentary lifestyle is a common risk factor for ICA stenosis, a deeper understanding of how body composition affects ICA blood flow could provide insights before symptoms appear. PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between ICA blood flow and body composition variables. METHODS: ICA blood flow was assessed in eight healthy males (21.88 ± 2.25 years) on three different days to control for possible diurnal variability that could affect blood flow. Participants abstained from caffeine and physical activity for …