Education Commons^™

The Ethics Of Participating In Research, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Simple statements of risks and benefits may not reveal the complexity of human responses to research participation

Undergraduate Public Health Education: A Workforce Perspective, Susan Houghton, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Janet E. Hiller

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To describe the career paths of students who majored in public health at the undergraduate level and to assess the skills and knowledge these g raduates believed were most useful to them in the public health workforce. Method: A telephone survey was conducted of all graduates from Adelaide University's Bachelor of Health Sciences degree from 1992-99 who had majored in public health (124 graduates). Results: The response rate to the graduate survey was 71 %. Using the definition of public health functions from the National Delphi Study on Public Health Functions to delineate the public health workforce, 59% …

Special Education Needs Across The Pre-School Period, Pam Sammons, Rebecca Smees, Brenda Taggart, Kathy Sylva, Edward Melhuish, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Karen Elliot

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The Early Years Transitions and Special Educational Needs (EYTSEN) project builds on the work of the Effective Provision of Pre-School Education (EPPE) project, a major longitudinal study of a national sample of young children’s progress and development through pre-school and into primary school until the end of Key Stage 1 (age 3+ to 7 years) (Sylva et al., 1999).1 Both the EPPE and EYTSEN research studies are funded by the DfES. The EYTSEN study explores evidence of possible special educational needs (SEN) amongst pre-school children. It uses a range of information to identify children who may be ‘at risk’ in …

Characteristics Of Pre-School Environments In Northern Ireland: An Analysis Of Observational Data, Edward Melhuish, Louise Quinn, Kathleen Mcsherry, Kathy Sylva, Pam Sammons, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Sofia Guimares

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This longitudinal study assesses the attainment and development of children followed between the ages of 3 and 7 years. Over 700 children were recruited to the study during 1998 and 1999 from 80 pre-school centres. Both qualitative and quantitative methods (including multilevel modelling) are used to explore the effects of pre-school experience on children's cognitive attainment and social/behavioural development at entry to school and any continuing effects on such outcomes up to 7 years of age. In addition to the effects of preschool experience, the study investigates the contribution to children's development of individual and family characteristics such as gender, …

Pre-School Centre Characteristics: An Analysis Of Centre Manager Interviews, Louise Quinn, Julie Colhoun, Brenda Taggart, Edward Melhuish, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Kathy Sylva, Pam Sammons, Kathleen Mcsherry

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This longitudinal study assesses the attainment and development of children followed between the ages of 3 and 7 years. Over 700 children were recruited to the study during 1998 and 1999 from 80 pre-school centres. Both qualitative and quantitative methods (including multilevel modelling) are used to explore the effects of pre-school experience on children's cognitive attainment and social/behavioural development at entry to school and any continuing effects on such outcomes up to 7 years of age. In addition to the effects of preschool experience, the study investigates the contribution to children's development of individual and family characteristics such as gender, …

Pre-School Experience And Cognitive Development At The Start Of Primary School, Edward Melhuish, Louise Quinn, Kathy Sylva, Pam Sammons, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Christopher Shields

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This longitudinal study assesses the attainment and development of children followed between the ages of 3 and 7 years. Over 700 children were recruited to the study during 1998 and 1999 from 80 pre-school centres. Both qualitative and quantitative methods (including multilevel modelling) are used to explore the effects of pre-school experience on children's cognitive attainment and social/behavioural development at entry to school and any continuing effects on such outcomes up to 7 years of age. In addition to the effects of preschool experience, the study investigates the contribution to children's development of individual and family characteristics such as gender, …

Prosperity Along Australia's Eastern Seaboard: Sydney And The Geopolitics Of Urban And Economic Change, Phillip O'Neill, Pauline M. Mcguirk

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Throughout the last decade, the Australian economy has experienced its second longest period of uninterrupted prosperity in recorded history. The paper argues that this prosperity is sourced from an extraordinary surge in finance-based economic activity along Australia's eastern seaboard, especially in the Sydney region. Population growth in the Sydney basin has further fuelled the region's economic growth. The spatialised nature of this prosperity has produced a major shift in distributional outcomes across Australian regions and among households. Sydney-based households, especially those in inner 'global Sydney' neighbourhoods, have had access to high rates of job creation and sustained increases in income …

Selling Solutions: Emerging Patterns Of Product-Service Linkage In The Australian Economy, Jane Marceau, Nicole T. Cook, Bronwen Dalton, Brian Wixted

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The focus of the study reported here is the different forms of service provision strategies appearing across the Australian economy. Specifically, the study looks at the various ways in which firms link products and services, whether in single packages or other forms. What we found led us to question the common notion that 'manufacturing matters, but services succeed'. The data gathered show how many firms in both manufacturing and service industries are putting together products and services into 'packages', suggesting the need for a broader review of how a service-rich economy may work at firm level.

Relative Risk Of Hiv Infection Among Young Men And Women In A South African Township, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Brian G. Williams, Catherine Campbell

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The prevalence of HIV infection in Africa is substantially higher among young women than it is among young men. Biological explanations of this difference have been presented but there has been little exploration of social factors. In this paper we use data from Carletonville, South Africa to explore various social explanations for greater female infection rates. This paper reports on data from a random sample of 507 people between 13 and 24 years old. Subjects were tested for HIV, as well as other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and answered a behavioural questionnaire. The age-prevalence of HIV infection differs between men …

Health Claims Policy, Heather Yeatman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at The 2nd Omega Workshop, 30 September 2002, Adelaide, Australia.

Effect Of Global Perspective Jitter On Visually Induced Postural Sway, Stephen Palmisano, G Pinniger, Julie R. Steele

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 25th European Conference on Visual Perception, 25-29 August 2002, Glasgow, United Kingdom

Y4 Receptor Knockout Rescues Fertility In Ob/Ob Mice, Amanda Sainsbury, Christoph Schwarzer, Michelle Couzens, Arthur Jenkins, Samantha R. Oakes, Christopher J. Ormandy, Herbert Herzog

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been implicated in the regulation of energy balance and reproduction, and chronically elevated NPY levels in the hypothalamus are associated with obesity and reduced reproductive function. However, it is not known which one of the five cloned Y receptors mediates these effects. Here we show that crossing the Y4 receptor knockout mouse (Y4^−/−) onto the ob/ob background restores the reduced plasma testosterone levels of ob/ob mice as well as the reduced testis and seminal vesicle size and morphology to control values. Fertility in the sterile ob/ob mice was greatly improved by Y4 …

Pressure Points: School Executive And Educational Change, Stephen Dinham, Catherine Scott

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Recent international research has demonstrated a relationship between physical health and occupational status/level of appointment: people who hold higher level positions enjoy better physical health on average than those in lower positions. Researchers have speculated that this may be in part due to the lower levels of control exercised over pace and timetabling of work by those occupying lower positions. Poorer physical health is thus mediated by lower levels of mental wellbeing.

Worldwide, many working in school education have experienced ‘control’ being taken away from them by rapid and constant educational change imposed from ‘the outside’. The pace and extent …

A Game Of Distinction: Football, The World Cup, And The Australian Urbane, Jason Wilson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The title of Johnny Warren's Shielas, Wogs and Poofters (Warren, Harper et al. 2002) encapsulates an Australian attitude towards soccer, its players and its constituency that while certainly problematic, may also be outdated. But for a brief period in the 1970s, when a team led by Warren contested the World Cup finals, Rugby League and Australian Football ruled the ball-sports roost (Rugby Union trailed a-ways behind): the sport that most of the rest of the world knows simply as football was, in all senses, marginal. More recently, and especially in the midst of a FIFA World Cup finals held in …

Performance, Anxiety: The Video Games Arcade And Urban Space, Jason Wilson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In a recent gaming anthology, Henry Jenkins cannot help contrasting his son's cramped, urban, media-saturated existence with his own idyllic, semi-rural childhood. After describing his own Huck Finn meanderings over "the spaces of my boyhood" including the imaginary kingdoms of Jungleoca and Freedonia, Jenkins relates his version of his son's experiences:

My son, Henry, now 16 has never had a backyard He has grown up in various apartment complexes, surrounded by asphalt parking lots with, perhaps, a small grass buffer from the street… Once or twice, when I became exasperated by my son's constant presence around the house I would …

The Intake Of Carotenoids In An Older Australian Population: The Blue Mountains Eye Study, Fiona Manzi, Victoria Flood, Karen Webb, Paul Mitchell

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To describe the distribution of carotenoid intakes and important food sources of carotenoids in the diet of a representative population of older Australians.

Design: Population-based cohort study.

Setting: Two post-code areas in the Blue Mountains, west of Sydney, Australia.

Subjects: We studied 2012 (86%) of the 2334 participants aged 55 + years attending the 5-year follow-up of the cross-sectional Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES), who completed a detailed semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. The intakes for five carotenoids were studied: α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein and zeaxanthin combined, and lycopene.

Results: The mean intake per day for each carotenoid was: α-carotene, 2675 …

"Is The Story On My Face?": Intertextural Conflicts During Teacher-Class Interactions Around Texts In Early Grade Classrooms, Pauline Harris, Jillian Trezise, W N. Winser

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper reports on a three-year naturalistic inquiry into intertextuality in early grade classrooms. Specifically, the paper focuses on intertextual conflicts during teacher-class interactions where teachers are reading and modeling texts as well as guiding children to read and talk about text content, purposes, genres, and structures. These conflicts are identified and examined within a conceptual framework that accounts for intertextuality in terms of written texts, lived experiences, lessons, and processes in individuals. In exploring these conflicts, the study reveals that intertextuality in classrooms is not a systematic business. Rather, intertextuality can take on many guises in classroom interactions around …

Migration, Music And Social Relations On The Nsw Far North Coast, Christopher Gibson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This article explores urban-rural migration on the NSW Far North Coast (the ‘Northern Rivers’ region) and the emergence of popular music as a niche cultural industry. The various images of the NSW Far North Coast as a ‘lifestyle’ region, ‘alternative’ region and coastal retreat have attracted a diverse mix of exurban professionals, unemployed persons, youth subcultures and retirees, yet despite population growth, the region continues to suffer unemployment rates among the highest in Australia. Against this backdrop, popular music has emerged as a niche industry with linkages to cultural production in Sydney, Melbourne and overseas, and also an area of …

Can The Q Link Ally R, A Form Of Sympathetic Resonance Technology (Srttm), Attenuate Acute Mobile Phone-Related Changes To Neural Function?, Rodney J. Croft, Jody Chandler, Adrian P. Burgess, Robert Barry, John D. Williams, Adam Clarke

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: Exposure to active mobile phones (MP) has been shown to affect human neural function as shown by the electroencephalogram (EEG). Although it has not been determined whether such effects are harmful, a number of devices have been developed that attempt to minimize these MP-related effects. One such device, the Q Link Ally^® (QL; Clarus Products, International, L.L.C., San Rafael, CA), is argued to affect the human organism in such a way as to attenuate the effect of MPs. The present pilot study was designed to determine whether there is any indication that QL does alter MP-related effects on …

Medical Tests: Women's Reported And Preferred Decision-Making Roles And Preferences For Information On Benefits, Side-Effects And False Results, Heather M. Davey, Alexandra Barratt, Elizabeth Davey, Phyllis N. Butow, Sally Redman, Nehmat Houssami, Glenn P. Salkeld

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective  To determine women's preferences for and reported experience with medical test decision-making. Design  Computer-assisted telephone survey. Setting and participants  Six hundred and fifty-two women resident in households randomly selected from the New South Wales electronic white pages. Main outcome measures  Reported and preferred test and treatment (for comparison) decision-making, satisfaction with and anxiety about information on false results and side-effects; and effect of anxiety on desire for such information. Results  Overall most women preferred to share test (94.6%) and treatment (91.2%) decision-making equally with their doctor, or to take a more active role, with only 5.4-8.9% reporting they wanted …

Pre-School Experience And Social/Behavioural Development At The Start Of Primary School, Edward Melhuish, Louise Quinn, Kathy Sylva, Pam Sammons, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Gail Currie

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This longitudinal study assesses the attainment and development of children followed between the ages of 3 and 7 years. Over 700 children were recruited to the study during 1998 and 1999 from 80 pre-school centres. Both qualitative and quantitative methods (including multilevel modelling) are used to explore the effects of pre-school experience on children's cognitive attainment and social/behavioural development at entry to school and any continuing effects on such outcomes up to 7 years of age. In addition to the effects of preschool experience, the study investigates the contribution to children's development of individual and family characteristics such as gender, …

Maternity Care Needs Of Refugee And Asylum-Seeking Women: A Summary Of Research By Patricia Kennedy And Jo Murphy- Lawless, Patricia Kennedy, Jo Murphy-Lawless

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This extended study, with both quantitative and qualitative elements, was designed and carried out in 1999-2000 to collect baseline data on refugee women's experiences, expressed needs and perspectives of the existing care services in order to inform the development of relevant maternity care policies for this vulnerable group and to plan models of best practice for the future.

Environmental Factors Associated With Adults' Participation In Physical Activity: A Review, Nancy Humpel, Neville Owen, Eva Leslie

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Promoting physical activity is a public health priority, and changes in the environmental contexts of adults’ activity choices are believed to be crucial. However, of the factors associated with physical activity, environmental influences are among the least understood. Method: Using journal scans and computerized literature database searches, we identified 19 quantitative studies that assessed the relationships with physical activity behavior of perceived and objectively determined physical environment attributes. Findings were categorized into those examining five categories: accessibility of facilities, opportunities for activity, weather, safety, and aesthetic attributes. Results: Accessibility, opportunities, and aesthetic attributes had significant associations with physical activity. …

Knowledge About Typical Source Output Influences Perceived Auditory Distance, John W. Philbeck, Donald H. Mershon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Vocal effort is known to influence the judged distance of speechsound sources. The present research examined whether this influence is due to long-term experience gained prior to the experiment versus short-term experience gained from exposure to speech stimuli earlier in the same experiment. Speech recordings were presented to 192 blindfolded listeners at three levels of vocal output. Even upon the first presentation, shouting voices were reported as appearing farthest, whispered voices closest. This suggests that auditory distance perception can be affected by past experience in a way that does not require explicit comparisons between individual stimuli.