Education Commons^™

Effect Of Mastery Learning Strategy On Students' Learning Outcomes In Senior Secondary School Biology In Lagos State, Kassim O. Ajayi Prof, Fausat A. Adenaike Prof, Modupe O. Salomi Dr, Kehinde S. Momodu Mrs

Essays in Education

The study is a pre-test, post-test control group randomized quasi–experimental research design. The population comprised all SSII Biology Students in Lagos Education District II, with two intact classes of 60 students from two selected public secondary schools. Four instruments were used namely; Mastery Learning Strategy Instructional Aid, Conventional Teaching Strategy Instructional Aid, Biology Achievement Test (r = 0.77) and Biology Attitude Scale (r = 0.82). Six null hypotheses were tested using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Findings showed significant main effect of treatment on achievement (F _{(1, 59) =} 2399.983, P (.000) < .05), no significant main effect of gender on achievement (F _{(1, 59) =} 1.677, P (.201) > .05) and no …

Looking For Another Assessment Tool That Activates The Principles Of Aal (Assessment As Learning)? Look No Further Than The Ratpd!, Mark Minott

Essays in Education

Frequently discussed in the literature on assessment are the ideas of assessment of learning (AoL), assessment for learning (AfL) and assessment as learning (AaL). This paper draws the readers’ attention to the idea of AaL, an assessment strategy entitled the Reflective Approach to Teaching Practicum Debriefing (RATPD) and answers the question, “To what extent is the Reflective Approach to Teaching Practicum Debriefing (RATPD) strategy an assessment as Learning (AaL) activity?” By discussing and connecting AaL and RATPD, the main conclusion was, enacting the RATPD is engaging in an actual AaL activity. Therefore, through this paper, readers are introduced to another …

Generation And Digital Citizenship Among Doctoral Students: Another Debunking Of The Digital Native Myth, Jenna K. Ladd, Rebecca R. Simataa, Danilo Lj. Bojić

Essays in Education

Internet and digital technologies are integrated into nearly every aspect of contemporary life, and digital citizenship skills are necessary for professional and personal success. Previous research has described the digital citizenship of undergraduate and K-12 students, but there is little literature describing the digital citizenship among doctoral students. Doctoral program cohorts often include students born in 1984 or before and those born in 1985 or after. Students born after 1985 are frequently assumed to be “digital natives” with advanced technology skills, although there is little evidence to validate the digital natives vs. digital immigrant theory. The present study seeks to …

Preparing Educators To Coach For Equity: Title Ix And The Power Of A Coach, Rebekah Dimick Eastman

Essays in Education

This piece takes a look at Title IX history and policy and the potential impact that teacher educators can have on the athletic landscape, especially as it pertains to girls. History of Title IX and athletics is reviewed. The current situation is reviewed, showing a stagnation of growth of girls’ and women’s sports. New data, collated from coaching directories, is shared and clearly shows a need for improvement in gender representation in coaching. Finally, a path forward to recruit and prepare coaches to coach for gender equity is given.

Revisioning The K-12 Teacher Tenure Process, David Wolff

Essays in Education

Earning tenure is monumental in the professional journey of most educators. However, the most common means of earning tenure is through an evaluation process that is likely primarily based on a supervisor’s series of classroom observations. This article proposes a holistic approach when envisioning the K-12 evaluation process that mirrors one used by institutions of higher education, the Professional Development Plan (PDP).

Discussing Yasmina Khadra’S Novel The Sirens Of Baghdad In The Upper Secondary Classroom To Promote Intercultural Learning, Karl Ågerup

Essays in Education

Based on interviews with four teachers who engaged in discussions about Yasmina Khadra's novel The Sirens of Baghdad with a total of 92 students, this article explores the potential of using fictional narratives to achieve Global Citizenship-related goals in upper secondary education. The novel, which portrays the journey of a young aspiring Al Qaeda terrorist in Iraq, emerged as a response to the increasing need in the Western world to mitigate intercultural tensions following the September 11 attacks. The article addresses the novel's capacity to promote intercultural understanding while acknowledging practical challenges such as intense emotions in the classroom, potential …

Book Review: Documentary Research In The Social Sciences By Malcolm Tight, Patrick W. Leeport

Essays in Education

Documentary research methods are a critical, yet often overlooked approach to research in the social sciences. Malcolm Tight’s book, Documentary Research in the Social Sciences not only makes the case for the value of documentary research, but serves as a pragmatic introduction to a wide array of different genres within documentary research. The book is suited well to graduate students as well as researchers and practitioners looking to expand their understanding of, and ability to conduct, document-based research.

Delivery Matters—Or Does It? A Snapshot Of Online Versus In-Person Instruction, Carol A. Mullen

Essays in Education

Online instruction and computer-based innovations in brick-and-mortar institutions are here to stay, but the study of distance delivery is lacking. Areas needing more attention include instructional effectiveness and student satisfaction. Educational quality, especially in online classes, should be monitored and evaluated to ensure learning, collaboration, and success, as well as to gain knowledge and improve practice. The purpose of this paper is to encourage scholar–practitioner dialogue on and comparison of issues pertaining to online and in-person instruction for adult learners. The research question guiding this exploratory qualitative study was, Are there any differences in the learning performance of two graduate …

Uzbek Students’ Perception Of Classroom Experience In Emi Courses, Praveen Malla

Essays in Education

Knowledge acquisition of university students is influenced by many factors including program quality, teacher quality and support, classroom environment, medium of instruction, peer ecosystem, infrastructure availability and other non-academic enablers. This study aims to examine Uzbek classroom experience in internationalization (EMI) programs led by both foreign and local faculty within both the public and private university settings. 280 responses were received, 42 of them from students studying in public universities and 238 from those studying in private universities. The study triangulates the survey responses with a focus group study and fleshes out several interesting insights. We observe significant effect of …

Selling Graduation: Higher Education And The Loaning Of Liberation, Annie Pocklington, Elizabeth J. Flanagan, Christopher Bodenheimer Knaus

Essays in Education

While the costs to attend college continue to rise exponentially, a bachelor’s degree is held up as required for economic stability within the U.S. and across the globe. With drastic disparities in earning potentials after graduation reduced by racism, sexism, classism, heterosexism, ableism, and related structural disparities, the value of a degree continues to be questioned, especially for historically marginalized communities. As the loan industrial complex continues to profit off of students, President Biden has offered $10,000 in student loan relief for some borrowers, though this action has been blocked by federal courts and is currently on hold. Whether Biden’s …

Book Review: Teaching With A Social, Emotional, And Cultural Lens, Shauna Mayer

Essays in Education

Successful teachers are continually looking for ways to improve student achievement. Nancy Markowitz and Suzanne Bouffard write about how the incorporation of teaching through a social, emotional, and cultural lens allows students to be successful inside the classroom. The authors provide several tips, tools, and research-based strategies that align with the Anchor Competencies Framework. The book prepares new teachers, and provides new insights for current and veteran teachers.

A Call For Digital Citizenship Curriculum In Early Childhood Education, Jenna K. Ladd, Joel J. Traver

Essays in Education

Accessibility of information (factual or fabricated), social interconnectedness, and more of our daily lives being lived in the digital world has created challenges and opportunities for children and families around the world. As a result, there exists an emerging need for families with children aged birth-to-five to receive education and support through standards-based digital citizenship curriculum to navigate living online. Several models of digital citizenship curriculum have been created for the K-12 education to provide education and guidance for teachers, administrators, and parents of older children. Thus, we call for the development and implementation of standards-based digital citizenship curriculum in …

The Nitty-Gritty Of Successfully Completed Doctoral Studies: A Personal Review And Lessons For Prospective, New And Final Year Doctoral Students, Samson Damilola Fabiyi

Essays in Education

Finding the direction for a doctoral research can be problematic. Also, keeping in touch with friends and relatives, and managing one’s time effectively can be challenging for doctoral students. Other challenges bedeviling doctoral students are lack of motivation, inability to manage the student-supervisor relationship, etc. This paper seeks to explore different skills and knowledge which can be useful in overcoming challenges which confront doctoral students. Specifically, using autoethnography, this paper explores the author’s successful doctoral experience and presents recommendations that can be tapped into by doctoral students to prevent an abrupt end or a late completion of their studies.

Differentiated Assessments On The Same Topic Can Provide A Better Understanding Of A Student’S Level Of Learning, Marlana Gibson

Essays in Education

Assessments play a critical role in the learning process. There are many different ways to assess student learning and each assessment can determine on what level the student is learning. Students themselves also play a role in how a teacher best decides which type of assessment to use, every student is different and they each have their own way of learning. The teacher must also decide what it is they are assess, what are they looking for through that assessment. So many factors play a role in the determination of assessments and that is why there are so many different …

Accessibility Of University Course Syllabi, Steven M. Baule, Sara A. Fister

Essays in Education

Over the last twenty years, governments and a range of disability rights organizations have advocated for increased accessibility to educational materials and school documents for people with disabilities. Recently, several studies have shown that accessibility is still lagging among educational institutions and other government agencies. The purpose of this study was to analyze extant higher education syllabi to determine the level of compliance with the current Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0). The study reviewed the current accessibility requirements for schools under WCAG 2.0 and Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act as amended in 2018. It then provides a review …

Leadership And Instructional Coaching: A Synthesis Of Approaches And Practices That Promote Change, Katie L. Perkins

Essays in Education

The aim of this educational essay is to provide a literature-based synthesis of the leadership approaches and practices of instructional coaches that best support teacher development. The essay is grounded in transformational leadership theory (Bass & Avolio, 1990) and synthesizes three main constructs for effective instructional coaching. These constructs include: andragogical practices (Knowles, 2015), the ethics of care (Beck, 1994), and organizational change (Burke, 2014). Incorporating these leadership practices may encourage effective teacher-coach relationships, promote teacher development and retention, and ultimately increase student success.

Interaction Effects Of Undergraduate Students' Factors And Two Instruction Modalities On Academic Performance In A Stem Course, Olubusayo Foluso Adebusuyi Dr., Ademola K. Badru Dr

Essays in Education

Presently, schools are changing from a face-to-face (F2F) teaching mode to an online or virtual mode of teaching. Research has shown the two instruction modes to affect students' success positively. However, studies investigating the interaction effects of students' factors that could enhance the effectiveness of the two modes of instruction are limited. This study examines how age, socioeconomic status (SES), and course of study affect how well students do in both face-to-face and online settings.

The study employed an ex post facto design. Students' assessment results and demographic data were utilized to collect data for the study. The sample comprised …

Skills To Pay The Bills: A Review Of College Student Employability Literature, Christopher Burnett, Zachary W. Taylor

Essays in Education

Research has shown that many U.S. college students do not graduate with employable skills beyond academic competency to facilitate their professional success post-graduation. Moreover, researchers have found that academic- and industry-specific knowledge alone is inadequate to help college graduates secure a job and meet the demands of the contemporary, nuanced, dynamic work environment. In addressing decreases in state and federal allocations for higher education and the added pressure to produce work-ready college graduates, institutions have grappled with how to enhance student workforce development and prepare students for the labor market. As a result, this literature review provides a comprehensive, global …

Utilizing Counter Narratives To Develop Culturally Sustaining, Critically Conscious Preservice Teacher Practitioners, David Wolff

Essays in Education

The content areas that get most attention in an elementary classroom include mathematics and English/Language Arts (ELA), and little time is devoted to other content areas like social studies. Preservice elementary teachers can learn to maximize instructional time by integrating social studies content in the ELA block. Using counternarratives, preservice teachers can learn to use children’s literature to teach multiple perspectives to the dominant narrative in the textbooks. This article shares strategies to present counternarratives and examples of children’s literature that can be used in an elementary classroom.

The Relationship Between Teachers' Interaction Strategies And Student Oral Involvement, An Ngoc Minh Pham

Essays in Education

A lot of research has focused on exploring reasons for and solutions to Asian students’ reticence in speaking. It is found that their unwillingness to speak is affected not only by the students themselves but also by the situations they are placed in. However, there is still space to explore how teachers use interaction strategies to enhance students’ speaking involvement, especially in Vietnam. This paper examines the relationship between teacher interaction strategies and student oral involvement. The data were collected via audio-recording and class observation. Five experienced teachers and their respective classes at a center for foreign languages were invited …

A Review Of My Teaching Philosophy Through A Covid-19 Lens, Michelle L. Boettcher

Essays in Education

This essay focuses on how the pandemic has informed my teaching philosophy and centered the humanness of students rather than course content or my role, identity, and pedagogy as instructor. The article includes three examples from my teaching philosophy: Expertise, Mistakes, and Reflection. As a result of the pandemic, I have added caring as a part of course content, reframed the idea of “no excuse” for late work, and incorporated reflection as an element of academic rigor. As a result, a renewed focus on student learning has usurped my past inclination to focusing on my teaching in my philosophy statement.

Covid-19’S Influence On Mental Health Among Collegiate Student-Athletes, Jacob Balliu, Steven M. Baule

Essays in Education

The world was struck by turmoil as the COVID-19 virus surged to the surface. Affecting the lives of many. In a matter of days, the process of daily living got a new meaning. The new lifestyle of living consisted of wearing masks, self-quarantining for fourteen days, and socially distancing six feet apart. From the perspective of a college student, life was flipped upside down. Classes were moved online, and students were asked to not be on campuses across the country for months on end. Collegiate student-athletes had it much rougher. Due to the global pandemic multiple sport seasons were cancelled …

Factors Affect Students’ Satisfaction In Blended Learning Courses In A Private University In Vietnam, Tuong Cao Dinh Mr., Kien Trung Dao Mr., Duyen Kim Quach Mss., Nhu Phan To Ha Mss., Mai Cam Ho Mss.

Essays in Education

Blended learning, a combination of online and offline learning, is believed to enhance students’ self-learning, and help increase their learning performances. To successfully operate a blended learning system, increasing the learners’ satisfaction seems to be an important task. Moreover, there should be a duty to understand the self-efficacy of a student to encourage them to participate in this course (Chen & Yao, 2016). As a result, knowing the internal or external factors that influence student satisfaction in blended learning is critical for the effective design of blended learning courses in the future (Graham, Henrie, & Gibbons, 2013). In this study, …

Specialized Accreditation In Collegiate Aviation: A Case Study On Evaluative Inquiry Practices Required By The Aviation Accreditation Board International, Jordan G. Lyons

Essays in Education

Market changes within the aviation industry have increased the demand for aviation professionals worldwide (Christensen, 2013). The Aviation Accreditation Board International (AABI) represents the only specialized accrediting organization in the world for non-engineering collegiate aviation programs (Council for Higher Education Accreditation [CHEA], 2020), and their mission is to advance quality aviation education in partnership with industry (AABI, 2019b). In 2019, AABI expanded its continuous assessment criteria despite issuing citations previously to accredited collegiate aviation programs for non-compliance predominately with continuous assessment and improvement requirements (AABI, 2020). Program accreditation through AABI has demonstrated value to students (Bjerke et al., 2016; Christensen, …

Re-Conceptualizing Food Consumption And Its Educational Values, Chi Hong Nguyen, Toan Quoc Tran, Hay Ngoc Huynh, Linh Thuy Pham, Chi Thien Huu Le

Essays in Education

Food consumption has been largely researched in many areas. Most extant studies have highlighted the influences of socio-economic and cultural factors on people’s eating habits. These studies inform policy strategies by proposing campaigns and methods to improve nutritional intake among people of diverse socio-economic and geographical backgrounds. At the same time, they implicitly point out that food consumption may carry educational values that are co-constructed through food eaters’ engagement with the world. This requires researchers to go beyond the current methodological approaches that epistemologically focus on the factors that influence nutritional intake and eating habits. While little is known about …

Linguistic Hurdles Faced By English L2 Speakers Pursuing U.S. Higher Education: What The Research Tells Us And Pathways Forward, Z W. Taylor

Essays in Education

Decades of extant research has suggested English learners (ELs or English L2 students) and their support networks do not access United States (U.S.) higher education at the same level as their English-fluent (or English L1 peers). Similarly, decades of research have suggested U.S. higher education ought to adopt a polylingual approach to postsecondary access, yet little has changed since the work began in the early 1980s. This critical review synthesizes this work, includes recent work, and criticizes a stubborn U.S. higher education system for failing to embrace linguistic minorities and improve access to the U.S. higher education system for minoritized …

Deconstructing The Anomaly Of India’S Higher Education Ranking Framework: A Case Of Misdirected Selection Of Evaluation Parameters, Praveen B. Malla Dr.

Essays in Education

Indian higher educational institutions (HEIs) are not making it to the top of the global ranking tables, except for a few. The Indian government has taken cognizance of this failure and launched a domestic ranking framework to foster competition and consequently improve quality of education. Interestingly, the framework is riddled with issues of misdirected metric selection. Given the complexity and vastness of the Indian higher education ecosystem this one-size-fits-all framework is not appropriate.

Public universities are predominantly policy driven and have a charter that is not in line with the mandate of the private and deemed universities. Likewise, institutions of …

A Renewal Of Civic Education In The United States: Committing To Multiculturalism And Media Literacy, James E. Schul, Nicholas P. Wysocki

Essays in Education

Recent events have spurred for a renewal in civic education in the United States. Building upon an essay in an earlier volume of Essays in Education, the authors of this essay argue that a renewal of civic education in the United States must include a sturdy commitment to both multiculturalism and media literacy. In this essay, the authors provide background and context as to why these two areas need to be focused upon and provide pragmatic direction to policy makers, school officials, and teachers may swiftly and effectively commit schools to both multiculturalism and media literacy.

Vietnam’S Human Capital Development Processes, Chi Hong Nguyen

Essays in Education

This article describes the historical evolvement of human capacity building in Vietnam since the end of the Vietnam War. While current research has focused on investigating the motives of international students, skilled migrants and effects of skill migration policies, this article uses a historical approach to unpacking key political documents mostly published in Vietnamese to explore how human capital has been trained, used and retained. Eight successive phases for human capital development projects are analyzed through key publications by the Communist Party of Vietnam, the Central Government and related literature. It argues that human capital is not solely an individual’s …

Book Review: Paradoxes Of The Public School By James Schul, George Morrow

Essays in Education

Preparing teachers is critical to the health of American schools, communities, and our working democracy. This textbook introduces future teachers to the rich and complex world of the public-school educator. Using fourteen social, pedagogical, and political paradoxes the book reveals the historical events, personalities, and theories which have crafted today’s schools as well as the many issues surrounding the daily life of the teacher. This book engages future teachers in their critical role as meaningful players in the social context of an evolving world.