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Full-Text Articles in Education
Cisplatin Blunts Muscle Hypertrophy In Exercise Trained Mice, Jaden Wells, Jainil Daredia, Michael P. Wiggs, Cory Dungan
Cisplatin Blunts Muscle Hypertrophy In Exercise Trained Mice, Jaden Wells, Jainil Daredia, Michael P. Wiggs, Cory Dungan
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent known to cause skeletal muscle atrophy and cachexia; however, the long-term effect of cisplatin on skeletal muscle adaptations to exercise remains unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess if prior administration of a clinically relevant cycle of cisplatin blunts exercise adaptations in response to 8 weeks of exercise training. METHODS: Female CD2F1 mice, n = 7-8/group, were treated with 5 mg/kg of cisplatin, or vehicle, once per week for 4 weeks, then given a 4-week washout. Afterwards, mice were singly housed and subjected to either progressive weighted wheel running (PoWeR) …
Percussive Massage Increases Capillary Density In Type I And Ii Skeletal Muscle Fibers, Thane Thomas, Mohadeseh Ahmadi, Robert D. Hyldahl
Percussive Massage Increases Capillary Density In Type I And Ii Skeletal Muscle Fibers, Thane Thomas, Mohadeseh Ahmadi, Robert D. Hyldahl
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Capillaries play a critical role in delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells. Skeletal muscle adapts to increased demand by increasing capillary density through a process known as angiogenesis. The effects of alternative therapies such as massage on angiogenic adaptation in skeletal muscle are inconclusive, particularly for newer techniques such as percussive massage. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of 6 weeks of percussive massage on skeletal muscle myofiber area and angiogenesis. METHODS: 11 healthy young (22±4 yr.) men (n=5) and women (n=6) received 18 sessions of 30-min-percussive massage on their right thigh over the course of 6 weeks. Muscle samples were …
Microvascular Blood Flow Changes In Rgv Hispanics In Response To A Mixed Meal Challenge, Smaran Marupudi, Yu Lun Tai, Gabriel Figueroa, Alexandro Rodriguez, Jaime Rodriguez, Saraswathy Nair, Jimmy Gonzales, Ryan D. Russell
Microvascular Blood Flow Changes In Rgv Hispanics In Response To A Mixed Meal Challenge, Smaran Marupudi, Yu Lun Tai, Gabriel Figueroa, Alexandro Rodriguez, Jaime Rodriguez, Saraswathy Nair, Jimmy Gonzales, Ryan D. Russell
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Type 2 diabetes rates in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) are 3x higher than the national average, with etiologies being multifactorial. Impaired postprandial skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow (MBF) is one of the earliest T2D pathophysiologies noted in Caucasians. However, MBF responses are unknown in the Hispanic population of the RGV. PURPOSE: Our goal in this study was to determine whether normoglycemic Hispanic individuals in the RGV exhibit impaired skeletal muscle MBF responses compared with healthy Caucasian individuals from a previous study. METHODS: 15 Hispanic individuals from the RGV with no family history of T2D (FH-), and 13 …
Reverting To A Healthier Diet Or Employing An Aerobic Exercise Regime Independently Restore Muscle Fiber Phenotype Disturbed By High-Fat Diet In Muscle Of Mice, Nathan Serrano, Harkaran S. Sodhi, Kailin Johnsson, Laurel B. Winslow, Layla Al-Nakkash, Christos S. Katsanos
Reverting To A Healthier Diet Or Employing An Aerobic Exercise Regime Independently Restore Muscle Fiber Phenotype Disturbed By High-Fat Diet In Muscle Of Mice, Nathan Serrano, Harkaran S. Sodhi, Kailin Johnsson, Laurel B. Winslow, Layla Al-Nakkash, Christos S. Katsanos
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Obesity affects roughly 42% of the US population. High fat/high sugar diets (HFHS) often referred to as “western diet” contributes to this prevalence. Diet-induced obesity results in impaired metabolic responses and associated disease states (i.e., Type 2 Diabetes). Metabolic impairments in diet-induced obesity are a result of changes in muscle metabolism, and changes in muscle fiber phenotype, which is determined by the isoform-content of the protein myosin heavy chain (MHC). Fast muscle fiber phenotype (i.e. type IIb in mice) is characterized by lower capacity for utilization of lipids, implicated in the pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes. Regular exercise shifts MHC …
Macrophage Response To Damage In Old And Young Skeletal Muscle, Jack Mehling, Robert D. Hyldahl, Mohadeseh Ahmadi
Macrophage Response To Damage In Old And Young Skeletal Muscle, Jack Mehling, Robert D. Hyldahl, Mohadeseh Ahmadi
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
PURPOSE: In skeletal muscle, macrophages migrate to damaged fibers, influencing the inflammatory response during muscle regeneration. Macrophages experience polarization, exhibiting different phenotypes described as M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory.) Failure to properly transition between phenotypes inhibits fiber regeneration. Previous animal literature suggests that dysregulated macrophage polarization may contribute to the decreased regenerative capacity of aging muscle. The purpose of this study is to quantify macrophage response and polarization in a model of muscle damage and regeneration in older humans. We hypothesized that older people would have a higher percentage of M2 macrophages relative to the young. METHODS: Seven …
The Effect Of Heat Therapy On Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell Content, Boston J. Andersen, Jamie P. Kaluhiokalani, Brandon S. Pfeifer, Jack B. Mehling, Robert D. Hyldahl
The Effect Of Heat Therapy On Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cell Content, Boston J. Andersen, Jamie P. Kaluhiokalani, Brandon S. Pfeifer, Jack B. Mehling, Robert D. Hyldahl
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Satellite cells are essential for proper muscle repair and adaptation. Studies have shown that exercise can lead to an increase in satellite cell content within muscle tissue. However, it is unknown whether other environmental stressors, such as heat, are also capable of augmenting the satellite cell pool. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to quantify changes in satellite cell content before and after 6-weeks (3x/wk) of skeletal muscle heat therapy (HT) or single leg knee extension exercise training (EX). Additionally, a sham heat treatment was used as a control. We hypothesized that HT would result in an increase …
Replicating Intermittent Fasting In Human Skeletal Muscle Cells: A Pilot Study, Lael K. Ceriani, Felix Omoruyi, Jean Sparks, Daniel E. Newmire, Xavier F. Gonzales
Replicating Intermittent Fasting In Human Skeletal Muscle Cells: A Pilot Study, Lael K. Ceriani, Felix Omoruyi, Jean Sparks, Daniel E. Newmire, Xavier F. Gonzales
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Type 2 diabetes (T2D), the most common form of diabetes (90-95% of diagnoses), is marked by decreased insulin sensitivity (insulin resistance) or a defect in insulin secretion. T2D disrupts nutrient signaling where the body cannot maintain adequate blood glucose levels. Inability to receive glucose in skeletal muscle due to insulin resistance in T2D results in oxidative stress and increased muscle atrophy. Properly regulated glucose uptake is pivotal for healthy aging and maintenance of the skeletal muscle system. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of nutrient deprivation on human skeletal muscle metabolism, with an emphasis …
Sex Dimorphism In Muscle Damage-Induced Inflammation, Casey Appell, Mohamed Fokar, Jakob Vingren, Hui-Ying Luk
Sex Dimorphism In Muscle Damage-Induced Inflammation, Casey Appell, Mohamed Fokar, Jakob Vingren, Hui-Ying Luk
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Evidence suggests that estrogen can provide a protective effect against muscle damage-induced inflammation. However, to date, no study has directly compared the muscle damage-induced intramuscular cytokines gene expression between men and women. Purpose: The purpose was to determine the intramuscular cytokine response to a bout of unaccustomed eccentric exercise in men and women. Methods: Untrained men (n=8, 22 ± 3y) and women (n=8, 20 ± 1y) completed a session of 80 unilateral maximal eccentric knee extensions. Vastus lateralis samples were collected and analyzed for gene expression of Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-15, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß …
Exercise Participation And Indicators Of Skeletal Muscle Health In Women With Hypothyroidism, Ryan A. Gordon, Gena D. Guerin, Emily L. Zumbro, Ann O. Amuta, Anthony A. Duplanty
Exercise Participation And Indicators Of Skeletal Muscle Health In Women With Hypothyroidism, Ryan A. Gordon, Gena D. Guerin, Emily L. Zumbro, Ann O. Amuta, Anthony A. Duplanty
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Women with hypothyroidism report undesirable skeletal muscle symptoms at rest and during exercise. The severity of skeletal muscle symptoms may influence an individual’s willingness and capacity to exercise. PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the relationship between exercise and skeletal muscle symptoms at rest and during exercise in women with hypothyroidism. METHODS: An online survey was completed by female participants diagnosed with hypothyroidism currently undergoing prescribed thyroid hormone treatment (n=580). Participants responded to questions related to basal muscle symptoms (MS), and muscle pain (MP) and fatigue (MF) experienced during exercise. Participants reported the type of exercise they performed, …