Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
-
- Kennesaw State University (42)
- Singapore Management University (5)
- Munster Technological University (4)
- Sotheby's Institute of Art (4)
- Cal Poly Humboldt (2)
-
- East Tennessee State University (2)
- Liberty University (2)
- University for Business and Technology in Kosovo (2)
- University of Rhode Island (2)
- Bellarmine University (1)
- Bemidji State University (1)
- Boise State University (1)
- California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo (1)
- Chapman University (1)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (1)
- Dartmouth College (1)
- Fordham University (1)
- James Madison University (1)
- Kutztown University (1)
- Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School (1)
- Old Dominion University (1)
- Salve Regina University (1)
- Seton Hall University (1)
- Southeastern University (1)
- Syracuse University (1)
- University at Albany, State University of New York (1)
- University of Connecticut (1)
- University of Dar es Salaam (1)
- University of Malaya (1)
- University of Massachusetts Boston (1)
- Keyword
-
- Marketing (13)
- Music (7)
- Social media (5)
- Advertising (4)
- Fine arts marketing (4)
-
- Art marketing (3)
- Artists (3)
- Consumer behavior (3)
- Digital marketing (3)
- Marketing strategy (3)
- Social Media (3)
- Art (2)
- Art business (2)
- Branding (2)
- Business Administration, General (2)
- Business Administration, Marketing (2)
- Business model (2)
- Controlling events (2)
- Crowdfunding (2)
- Culture (2)
- EWOM (2)
- History (2)
- Informational events (2)
- Innovation (2)
- Leadership (2)
- Market (2)
- Mass Communications (2)
- Media (2)
- Museums (2)
- Public Relations (2)
- Publication Year
- Publication
-
- Atlantic Marketing Journal (29)
- Atlantic Marketing Association Proceedings (13)
- Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business (4)
- MA Projects (3)
- Digital Laboratory: Publisher of Internet Journal (2)
-
- International Journal of Business and Technology (2)
- Irish Business Journal (2)
- Masters Theses (2)
- Arts Administration Masters Theses (1)
- Backstage Pass (1)
- College of Journalism and Mass Communications: Theses (1)
- ENGS 15.11: Design and Education (1)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (1)
- Faculty Books and Monographs (1)
- Fordham Business Student Research Journal (1)
- Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD) (1)
- Honors Capstones (1)
- Honors Scholar Theses (1)
- Honors Thesis (1)
- IPS/BAS 495 Undergraduate Capstone Projects (1)
- Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (1)
- Journalism (1)
- MA Theses (1)
- Markets, Globalization & Development Review (1)
- Masters (1)
- Pell Scholars and Senior Theses (1)
- Psychology Faculty Publication Series (1)
- Renée Crown University Honors Thesis Projects - All (1)
- Research Collection School of Social Sciences (1)
- Selected Honors Theses (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 30 of 90
Full-Text Articles in Arts Management
The Use Of Music In Retro Branding, Jon Littlefield, Cortnee Young
The Use Of Music In Retro Branding, Jon Littlefield, Cortnee Young
Atlantic Marketing Association Proceedings
No abstract provided.
Strategic Choices: A Case Study Of Media And Entertainment Industry Survival Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Stephen C. Carlson
Strategic Choices: A Case Study Of Media And Entertainment Industry Survival Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Stephen C. Carlson
Atlantic Marketing Association Proceedings
No abstract provided.
A Case Study Of Faculty Perspectives On Teaching Across Borders, Lucy Matthews, Diane R. Edmondson, Tammy Bahmanziari
A Case Study Of Faculty Perspectives On Teaching Across Borders, Lucy Matthews, Diane R. Edmondson, Tammy Bahmanziari
Atlantic Marketing Journal
This study explores the differences between faculty who have and have not led study abroad programs at a southeastern U.S. public university. Using survey responses from 133 faculty members, the research examines professional and motivational variables that influence participation. Findings reveal that those who have led study abroad programs tend to be satisfied with their experiences, report higher perceptions of student cultural competency gains, and are more likely to recommend such programs to peers. Additionally, experiential learning emerged as a central theme, with faculty highlighting the pedagogical value of immersive global education. Barriers to participation were also investigated. The study …
Humanity Is Evolving Its Consciousness: The Role Of Archetypal Energies As Guides During An Unfolding Weeding Out And Alignment Process, Carroy U. Ferguson
Humanity Is Evolving Its Consciousness: The Role Of Archetypal Energies As Guides During An Unfolding Weeding Out And Alignment Process, Carroy U. Ferguson
Psychology Faculty Publication Series
Humanity is evolving its consciousness at individual and collective levels. Given these seemingly tumultuous times, as of this writing (January 2026), to make such a statement may sound like a strange thing to say. However, I suggest that if you are alive today and if you are reading these words, these are the very times for which you were born—to assist Humanity as it evolves its consciousness with your unique gifts, whatever they may be. That is, this period of our individual and collective human being-ness may be characterized as an unfolding period of weeding out and alignment with the …
A Holistic Approach To Country Branding: Examining A Master Brand And Sub-Brand Framework, Musa Pinar, Aycan Duran Tekoglu, Tulay Girard
A Holistic Approach To Country Branding: Examining A Master Brand And Sub-Brand Framework, Musa Pinar, Aycan Duran Tekoglu, Tulay Girard
Atlantic Marketing Journal
Recently, nation branding has drawn the attention of policymakers worldwide, as nations recognize its strategic importance in achieving and sustaining success in the global competitive landscape. This study provides a conceptual framework based on master brand and sub-brand architecture to examine country branding holistically by integrating macro and micro perspectives, country brand equity, and their effects on consumer preferences. The specific objectives are to 1) identify the dimensions of master brand, sub-brand, and country brand equity and develop reliable and valid measurement scales for each dimension, and 2) develop a conceptual framework that integrates the master brand, sub-brand, and brand …
Investigating The Relationship Between Noun Classes And Plant Folk Taxonomy In Chasu Language Of Kilimanjaro Region In Tanzania, Peter Rabson Mziray
Investigating The Relationship Between Noun Classes And Plant Folk Taxonomy In Chasu Language Of Kilimanjaro Region In Tanzania, Peter Rabson Mziray
Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
The current study investigates the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu (G 22). The study focuses on two objectives: the first objective is to describe the plant folk taxonomy in Chasu and the second objective is to determine the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu. Data were collected from rural villages in Same and Mwanga districts by using free listing, field interviews (jungle-walk-and-identify), and written texts containing Chasu plant names. The findings reveal that Chasu folk taxonomy reflects different ethnobotanical categories; including a unique beginner which is mmea/mimea ‘plant(s)’, and three life …
How To Industry Plant Yourself, Ted Childish
How To Industry Plant Yourself, Ted Childish
Digital Laboratory: Publisher of Internet Journal
Ted Childish is an artist, creative mind, and cultural organizer working at the intersection of digital culture and contemporary creative economies. His practice spans from conceptual ideation to visual production and designed objects, all approached with a distinct material sensibility. How to Industry Plant Yourself is an analysis of the contemporary creative landscape, delivered in the format of a 'how-to' presentation — a familiar trope of the social media era. This work employs graphic design strategies akin to a pitch deck, symbolizing the increasingly transactional and performative environments in which creatives navigate their careers today.
The Impact Of User-Generated Content And Online Reaction Videos On The Marketing Of Video Games, Diane R. Edmondson, Randy Clark, Trevor Golter
The Impact Of User-Generated Content And Online Reaction Videos On The Marketing Of Video Games, Diane R. Edmondson, Randy Clark, Trevor Golter
Atlantic Marketing Journal
Modern developments in social media, video streaming platforms, and user-generated online content from influencers have led to a growth in video game marketing. One of the prominent genres of user-generated content on video platforms is the reaction video. These videos are relied upon for spreading information and marketing in the video game industry. Providing a better understanding of the impact of this video game promotional outlet is beneficial for marketers, social media influencers, and businesses in this industry. We collected data from 623 Southeastern University undergraduate students to address this topic using a Qualtrics survey. The survey consisted of two …
Unveiling Risk Strategies In The Online Food Delivery Platforms: Evidence From Risk Disclosures And Reprisk Index, Maryam Mahdikhani, Jiyoon An, Arim Park
Unveiling Risk Strategies In The Online Food Delivery Platforms: Evidence From Risk Disclosures And Reprisk Index, Maryam Mahdikhani, Jiyoon An, Arim Park
Atlantic Marketing Journal
Online Food Delivery Platforms (OFDPs) have faced unique challenges related to uncertainty and global risk in recent decades. To address these risks, this study utilized machine learning (ML) techniques, including Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Word2Vec, to extract and cluster OFDP-related risk factors. The analysis was conducted using unstructured text data from the annual reports of two prominent OFDP companies—Delivery Hero (DH) and Grubhub (GH)—from 2017 to 2020. We also examined the multidimensional RepRisk Index (RRI) for these companies and developed a two-dimensional matrix to evaluate preparedness and responsiveness across various risk categories in the OFDP sector. The results indicate …
Do The Effects Of Ethnocentrism And Cosmopolitanism Depend On Countries-Of-Origins? An Empirical Study Of U.S. Consumers, Thomas Tanner, Jung Kim, Ronda Mariani
Do The Effects Of Ethnocentrism And Cosmopolitanism Depend On Countries-Of-Origins? An Empirical Study Of U.S. Consumers, Thomas Tanner, Jung Kim, Ronda Mariani
Atlantic Marketing Journal
Consumer ethnocentrism and cosmopolitanism have been shown to be instrumental factors for the evaluation and purchase of foreign products. Many prior studies have provided evidence that ethnocentric consumers have lower willingness to buy for products that originated from foreign countries, while cosmopolitan consumers have higher willingness to buy. However, prior research has been conducted in the research setting where only one foreign country is pit against home country. Therefore, it is not clear whether their direct impacts on animosity, product judgement, and willingness to buy will be homogeneous, regardless of countries-of-origin. In other words, do consumers hold the same degree …
Exploring Homogeneity In Today's Cultural Expression, Roderick Hunt
Exploring Homogeneity In Today's Cultural Expression, Roderick Hunt
Digital Laboratory: Publisher of Internet Journal
This article examines the increasing cultural homogeneity driven by the internet's global reach and accessibility. Roderick Hunt—an educator, brand expert, and fashion designer—integrates writing into his creative practice and brand ethos. Through his label, Uniform Journal, he merges ideas and products, emphasizing both form and function. In a Q&A discussion, Hunt explores how the internet has influenced contemporary cultural practices and challenges the notion of originality in an era of digital interconnectedness.
Confronting Indecision, Lane Allison Murray
Confronting Indecision, Lane Allison Murray
ENGS 15.11: Design and Education
This course aims to increase students' understanding of indecision and how to confront it. The class provides insight into how the fear of the unknown holds people back from making decisions and about understanding one's values as a means to combat indecision. Students and teachers alike explore instances of indecision and evaluate their own impulses & thought processes by reflecting on the deeper reasons for their choices. Students will increase their comfort level of asking themselves and their peers questions about the values that guide them and, in doing so, strengthen their relationships with themselves and others.
Warhol Speaks: How One Museum Leverages Communications Strategies To Engage In An Era Of Innovation And Value Creation, Kristina Kaufman, Peter Kaufman
Warhol Speaks: How One Museum Leverages Communications Strategies To Engage In An Era Of Innovation And Value Creation, Kristina Kaufman, Peter Kaufman
Atlantic Marketing Journal
As museums face increasing competition for guests amidst a growing number of cultural options, these institutions are challenged to reinvent themselves to offer a more modern experience for guests that addresses inclusivity, and a balance of active (engaging) and passive (reflective) experiences. This paper documents researcher observation at The Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Through the lens of sensory perception theory, several themes emerge as communication strategies that aim to offer visitor engagement and added value. This paper analyzes and highlights how museums can offer multisensory experiences which cater to guests’ ability to cognitively invest and engage with the …
The Body Positivity Movement: Improving Female College Students Mental Health And Body Appreciation, Emilie Conners, Lucy Matthews, Diane R. Edmondson
The Body Positivity Movement: Improving Female College Students Mental Health And Body Appreciation, Emilie Conners, Lucy Matthews, Diane R. Edmondson
Atlantic Marketing Journal
Body image concerns among college-aged women continue to be an immense issue across many college campuses. As technology advances, it has become more common for young girls and women to edit their social media photos and focus more on their flaws. Body image has a significant impact on mental and physical health; therefore, it is vital that these concerns are addressed and fought. One movement recently used as a possible way to combat this concern is the body positivity movement. However, more research is needed to understand the impact of this movement on young women. Survey data was collected via …
Agency Theory And Audit Quality, Burim Isa Berisha Bb
Agency Theory And Audit Quality, Burim Isa Berisha Bb
International Journal of Business and Technology
Auditing plays a vital role in reducing both: information asymmetry by empirically confi rming the validity of fi nancial statements and agency problems. The principal- agent confl ict illustrated in agency theory, where principal (owner) lack reasons to believe their agents (managers) because of information asymmetries and contradictory motives. Information asymmetry deals with the study of decisions in transactions where one party has more or superior information than other. Agents (either directors or auditors) may be trustworthy without further incentives to align interest or monitoring strategies such as audit or increased regulation. However, the simple agency model would recommend that …
The Process Of Adapting Innovations In Banking Services By Businesses In Kosovo, Burim Isa Berisha Dr.Sc, Burim Berisha B.B
The Process Of Adapting Innovations In Banking Services By Businesses In Kosovo, Burim Isa Berisha Dr.Sc, Burim Berisha B.B
International Journal of Business and Technology
This dissertation addresses the importance of a business model from businesses in Kosovo, which is able to adapt innovations from the banking sector such as digital services, and through which become part of a global market where such developments occur step by step. very fast At the beginning of this paper will be given definitions related to the main concepts that are addressed such as business model, innovations in banking services - digitalization of services and the role and importance of linking a business model with banking services of the time. After the theoretical part, from which the main concepts …
Chatgpt Unveiled: Unleashing Ai Magic In Online Shopping And Digital Marketing, Jianping Huang, Mark J. Sciuchetti Dr.
Chatgpt Unveiled: Unleashing Ai Magic In Online Shopping And Digital Marketing, Jianping Huang, Mark J. Sciuchetti Dr.
Atlantic Marketing Journal
This research paper explores the use of AI, specifically ChatGPT, in interactive activities within
online shopping and digital marketing. The paper examines the potential of AI-powered chatbots
to enhance customer engagement, personalization, and marketing effectiveness. Through a
literature review, case studies, and user feedback analysis, the research highlights the benefits of
AI chatbots in providing real-time assistance, personalized recommendations, and improved
customer experiences. The paper also addresses ethical and privacy concerns associated with AI
implementation and discusses future research directions. The findings are expected to suggest
that AI-powered chatbots have the potential to revolutionize online shopping and digital
marketing by …
Artist Branding Toolkit: Exploring The Creation Of Eras In Artist Marketing, Annabella Bird Cooley, Anastasia Petukhova
Artist Branding Toolkit: Exploring The Creation Of Eras In Artist Marketing, Annabella Bird Cooley, Anastasia Petukhova
Honors Thesis
The purpose of this thesis is to act as a toolkit for artists early in their careers to reference when building their brand in the early stages. This toolkit is to be used by labels, artist management teams, and independent artists. In order to achieve this, I will go into an overview of personal branding. I will demonstrate how to apply these branding techniques to artists. I will then deepen my inquiry into an exploration of “eras,” showing how they are created and why they are important through a deep dive into three artists that have successfully created eras in …
Understanding The Persuasive Attributes Of Twitch Advertisements: A Study On The Effects Of Current Advertisements And Sponsorships, Colleen Sharkey
Understanding The Persuasive Attributes Of Twitch Advertisements: A Study On The Effects Of Current Advertisements And Sponsorships, Colleen Sharkey
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The research in this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of Twitch’s current advertising option, which includes mid-roll, pre-roll, and sponsored streams. It will focus on usefulness of content, brand credibility, purchase intent, and streamer credibility. Twitch has seen a surge in growth and attention in recent years, with an average of 31 million daily visitors and 1.3 trillion minutes watched globally in 2021 alone (Twitch Sales, 2022). However, despite Twitch’s growing popularity as an entertainment and entrepreneurship platform, little research has been conducted on the impact of its advertising options on brand perception. This study seeks to address this …
Happy Campers Or Unhappy Prisoners: How Materialism Punishes Us In Lockdown Times, Banwari Mittal
Happy Campers Or Unhappy Prisoners: How Materialism Punishes Us In Lockdown Times, Banwari Mittal
Atlantic Marketing Journal
COVID-19 and the resulting lockdowns created an unprecedented upheaval in consumers’ daily lives and lifestyles. The purpose of this research was to understand the psychological experience of life under lockdowns and the role of individual difference variables in that experience. Using survey data from U.S. consumers, the research identified two opposite feelings, coexisting: happy camper feeling or unhappy prisoner feeling. Younger, lower income, and less educated consumers felt more like prisoners than campers. Ability to maintain life as usual, and positive pre-pandemic life conditions (health, social network, and job satisfaction) led to happy camper feelings. In contrast, pre-pandemic materialism led …
Don’T Look Up: Hyperobjects And Bland Branding, Chloe Preece
Don’T Look Up: Hyperobjects And Bland Branding, Chloe Preece
Markets, Globalization & Development Review
Popular reviews of Don’t Look Up have been polarised, ranged from admiring to dismissive. This Netflix comedy satirises the difficulty of compelling the uninterested to care and the failure of government to tackle our imminent extinction. As such, we are left with the question as to whether it is still possible, in 2022, to find humour in a film about the end of the world? Ultimately, the film is the product of the discourse it satirises; the star-studded cast and their activist message is lost in a failure to hold to account those most responsible for global warming by focusing …
Manufacturing “Hits”: A Data-Driven Ai Approach To Releasing A Pop Song In 2022, Jessica Birk, Madhavi Chakrabarty
Manufacturing “Hits”: A Data-Driven Ai Approach To Releasing A Pop Song In 2022, Jessica Birk, Madhavi Chakrabarty
Atlantic Marketing Journal
Technology is radically transforming the music industry through the use of big data, artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms. This paper presents a pilot study that examines the impact of data-driven approaches in creating, predicting, and marketing music. A machine learning algorithm is used to determine the optimal characteristics of the most popular songs and is used as the basis for creating the next song. Next, an AI technique was used to generate the inspiration of the instrumentation and lyrics of the song. Finally, a listener survey is used to determine the trend which included the mood, preference and context …
Brides And Bridal Stores: Online Or Brick-And-Mortar, Libby C. Jones, Ismet Anitsal, Melek Meral Anitsal
Brides And Bridal Stores: Online Or Brick-And-Mortar, Libby C. Jones, Ismet Anitsal, Melek Meral Anitsal
Atlantic Marketing Journal
This paper explores the growing global bridal industry and the different trends, traditions, and aspects of specific countries' bridal industries. It outlines western and eastern traditions and how globalization contributes to their spread. A deeper focus is dedicated to the United States' bridal industry and the issues brick-and-mortar bridal boutiques face as more brides have started shopping at online bridal stores. The relationship between brick-and-mortar and online bridal stores is explored based on various propositions about the bridal industry's emerging challenges. These propositions include trust issues in the retail environment, convenience, selection of bridal gowns in different retail formats, incorporating …
Arts Marketing, David Ocon
Arts Marketing, David Ocon
Research Collection School of Social Sciences
Although there are hundreds of resources on traditional and commercial marketing, the materials available specifically for arts marketing are scarce, posing additional challenges for Gillian. Furthermore, while some focus on arts management, few of them address marketing from the perspective of a small-to-medium (often financially struggling) arts organization. An organization like Gillian’s often has limited resources, both financial and human, and can only approach marketing informally. However, it experiences the same pressures to perform well as larger arts institutions. Often, survival depends on how well it implements the marketing strategies that marketing staff create on their own. This chapter is …
The Significance Of Sonic Branding To Strategically Stimulate Consumer Behavior: Content Analysis Of Four Interviews From Jeanna Isham’S “Sound In Marketing” Podcast, Ina Beilina
Student Theses and Dissertations
Purpose:
Sonic branding is not just about composing jingles like McDonald’s “I’m Lovin’ It.” Sonic branding is an industry that strategically designs a cohesive auditory component of a brand’s corporate identity. This paper examines the psychological impact of music and sound on consumer behavior reviewing studies from the past 40 years and investigates the significance of stimulating auditory perception by infusing sound in consumer experience in the modern 2020s.
Design/methodology/approach:
Qualitative content analysis of audio media was used to test two hypotheses. Four archival oral interview recordings from Jeanna Isham’s podcast “Sound in Marketing” featuring the sonic branding experts …
Wavzine: Independent, Localized Cultural Journalism In The Digital Age, Jake Edward Davis
Wavzine: Independent, Localized Cultural Journalism In The Digital Age, Jake Edward Davis
Journalism
wavzine (also called .WAV or colloquially known as “The Zine”) is a music, arts, and culture multimedia website and print periodical founded by Cal Poly students in the summer of 2020. Two years on, it was comprised of roughly 45 regular staff members and even more occasional contributors, all of whom are volunteers. Along with independently publishing articles, videos, podcasts, and art online, wavzine also organizes and hosts concerts for local bands, collaborates with local cultural events such as Shabang Music Festival and the San Luis Obispo Film Festival, and sells its own branded merchandise. To its 2,700 Instagram followers, …
The Impact Of Verified (Unverified) Online Product Consumer Reviews On Consumer Product Attitudes, Kathryn Cort Dr., Roland Leak Dr.
The Impact Of Verified (Unverified) Online Product Consumer Reviews On Consumer Product Attitudes, Kathryn Cort Dr., Roland Leak Dr.
Atlantic Marketing Journal
Customer product reviews are an integral component for companies conducting e-commerce, enabling them to stay connected and engaged with their consumers. However, more important these reviews are being utilized and incorporated into the marketing plans of companies. Companies can use a mixture of verified and unverified purchase badges in their displayed product reviews. This study finds that as customers are provided with this additional information to help form impressions about the products they are reviewing, customers' need for cognition ultimately determines how they utilize the presence or absence of these badges.
What's In A Name? Public Perceptions Of Multi-Level Marketing, Robert A. Peterson, Jeffrey A. Peterson
What's In A Name? Public Perceptions Of Multi-Level Marketing, Robert A. Peterson, Jeffrey A. Peterson
Atlantic Marketing Journal
This paper presents the results of a nationwide survey of the American public’s general familiarity with, and perceptions of, multi-level marketing, direct selling, and social selling. Survey respondents were most familiar with direct selling; there was no substantive difference in familiarity with multi-level marketing and social selling. Respondents familiar with the three terms possessed perceptions of them that were significantly more positive than were the perceptions of respondents reporting not being familiar with the terms. Across all terms, male respondents reported being more familiar with, and more positively disposed toward, them than did female respondents. Respondents 55 years of age …
Digital Marketing For Dance: Strategies, Analysis, And Discussion, Cydney Covert
Digital Marketing For Dance: Strategies, Analysis, And Discussion, Cydney Covert
IPS/BAS 495 Undergraduate Capstone Projects
This paper explores the importance of multiple factors in the digital marketing of dance organizations. Idaho's only professional ballet company, Ballet Idaho, is used as a case study to determine which marketing strategies are the most beneficial. Cross-referencing tactics from other dance organizations, this research aims to determine how companies can market their more abstract performances, include dancer perspectives in their content, and take advantage of peripheral cities in order to increase their audience-base.
The Faculty Recruitment-Retention Connection: A Strategic Linkage Approach, Mary Mobley, Richard Easley
The Faculty Recruitment-Retention Connection: A Strategic Linkage Approach, Mary Mobley, Richard Easley
Atlantic Marketing Journal
The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) is clear about the worsening shortage of doctoral qualified faculty. It is the proposition of this paper that business schools should consider evaluating and perhaps reinvigorating recruitment strategies in both the short- and intermediate-term, as well as developing marketing management strategies that will help alleviate business faculty shortages in the long-term. Strategic marketing guidance is set forth in this paper with a focus on the development and institutionalization of managerial linkages between recruitment-retention connections. Our major premise is that leadership robustness is needed relative to the construction and implementation of strategic …