Business Commons^™

Kerala’S International Tourism Demand: An Inquiry Into The Validity Of The Standard And Regular Determinants, Muhammed Salim Anappattath

CBER Conference

The present study aims to identify the role of standard factors and other regular potential determinants in influencing the tourist arrivals in Indian state of Kerala. We used month-wise data of the foreign tourist arrivals in Kerala from January 2002 to December 2019 and applied auto-regressive distributed lagged (ARDL) approach, with the seasonality-adjusted data, for the same.

Financial Integration And Exchange Market Pressure, Kate Phylaktis, Muhammad Aftab

CBER Conference

This study examines the role of financial integration on exchange market pressure (EMP) across a representative group of forty-two advanced and emerging markets over the period 2000-2019, which covers the global financial crisis, which has heightened monetary and economic policy uncertainty. We use a novel measure of financial integration, namely the uncovered equity return differential versus the US, which is based on the Uncovered Equity Parity and is available at a monthly frequency.

Tourism For All: Assessing The Impact Of Accessible Tourism On The Sustainability Of Local Communities, Hadiqa Riaz

CBER Conference

To enhance inclusivity and appeal to a diverse range of tourists, including those with specific access needs, this study aims to investigate how accessible tourism influences the sustainable development of local communities in the northern areas of Pakistan. The local communities in northern Pakistan heavily rely on tourism to fulfill their socio-economic needs. Hence, it is imperative to evaluate the potential transformative impact of accessible tourism on their sustainable development. This research builds upon the conceptual framework proposed by Domínguez Vila et al. (2015) and employs a self-administered survey conducted among 321 tourists and 321 residents from five tourist destinations …

State Of Trade In Pakistan, Muhammad Zeshan

CBER Conference

We believe that high tariff rates have increased the overall cost of production in Pakistan, and the domestic prices of many products have become much higher than the international market prices. Reducing import tariffs will reduce not only the domestic prices but will also increase the export competitiveness of the country because many imported products are complementary intermediate inputs in various exporting industries.

Technological Adoption And Changing World Of Work: Case Study Of Services Sector Workforce In Pakistan, Umer Khalid

CBER Conference

This study seeks to investigate the impact of technological adoption and the changing world of work on employment dynamics, job quality and wage structure in the context of a developing economy – Pakistan.

The Relationship Between Labor Market Institutions And Innovation In 177 European Regions Over The Period 2000-2015, Gaetano Perone

CBER Conference

The main goal of this paper was to investigate the relationship between a set of labor market institutions (LMIs) and innovation (proxied by patent density) in 174 NUT-1 and NUT-2 European regions, over the period 2000-2015. Fixed effects with Driscoll and Kraay's (1998) standard errors (FE-DK), ordinary least squares (OLS), the generalized method of moments estimation of the fixed effects (FE-GMM), and a multilevel model (MLM) were employed.

The Financial Well-Being Of Households Through Digital Financial Inclusion: Does Age, And Gender Play Any Role? Evidence From Pakistan, Zahid Bashir, Sabeeh Iqbal, Muhammad Aamir

3rd IBA SBS International Conference 2024

Purpose: The objective of the study is to examine the impact of a system of digital payment as an indicator of financial inclusion on the financial well-being of vulnerable class of Pakistan having no bank account. Additionally, the study investigates the moderating role of age and gender with a special emphasis on the relationship between digital payment, and financial well-being.

Methodology/Design/Techniques: The study uses quantitative data obtained from users of the digital payment system (Jazz Cash, Easy paisa, U-cash, RAAST, mobile banking apps, etc.) through an online research survey across Pakistan. The study tested the hypothesis using the Smart PLS …

The Effect Of Digital Marketing Implementation Through Location-Based Advertising On Customer's Purchase Intention: A Case Of Fmcg Products In Karachi, Maira Junejo, Iqra Anwar Shah

3rd IBA SBS International Conference 2024

The intended research will target the problem of lack of LBA application and ineffective utilization of LBA in mobile advertising in digital marketing. Not much focus has been given to this area of marketing in the existing literature as well as practice in the context of the FMCG sector in Karachi, Pakistan. Wibisurya (2018) alluded that LBA has the potential to positively influence a consumer’s behavior towards a type of advertisement being carried out. However, FMCG marketers show a significant lack of interest in the domain. Moreover, LBA performed through SMS advertising increases two-way communication between consumers and FMCG brands, …

Effect Of Influencer Message Value On Destination Awareness, Image, And Travel Intentions, Shumaila Kashif, Maira Junejo, Farman Ali

3rd IBA SBS International Conference 2024

Tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors and destination competition is expanding by the day. Lately, Pakistan's tourist business has exploded, fueled by social media influencers' content creation. Hence the aim of this research is to understand how the influencer message value impact destination awareness, image, and travel intentions.

Data was collected through purposive sampling from 216 respondents via google forms. Analysis was performed on Smart PLS version 3.2.8. Results indicated that Influencer source attractiveness affected destination awareness, destination image and travel intention positively and significantly. It also showed that entertainment was affecting destination awareness and destination image positively and …

The Use Of Social Listening In Understanding The Consumer Perception, Attitudes, Emotions, And Predicting The Purchase Intentions, Ubedullah Khoso

3rd IBA SBS International Conference 2024

Purpose: The objective of this research is to use social listening in exploring the factors which affect the consumers’ perceptions, attitude, and emotions which lead to purchase intentions.

Introduction and Literature Review: Over 3.8 billion people use social media that is around 45% of the world’s population(Statista, 2022). The ever evolving technologies and the adaption of these technologies is changing how we access information, how we communicate, and how we respond to different stimuli (Ospina, 2019). How we communicate, listen, and interpret using a domain of social media is termed as social listening (Stewart & Arnold, 2018). Specifically, social listening …

Market Efficiency Of Cryptocurrency: Long Term Memory Effect In Bitcoin Trading, Zartashia Hameed, Saima Wazir

3rd IBA SBS International Conference 2024

Cryptocurrency market has attracted interest of both researchers and investors. It is a comparatively newer mode of transactions; therefore, both the agents are interested in the movement of these currencies in terms of volatility and profit. This research makes an effort to examine these phenomena with the help of long-range memory in the Bitcoin market using Generalized Hurst exponent methodology. For this purpose, the daily dataset spanning from 26^th August 2010 to 19^th April 2018 is collected, prepared and analyzed. Findings reveal interesting facts that the Hurst exponents for almost every year are above 0.5, and the long-range …

Neuromarketing: A Bibliometric Perspective Of The Field, Raja Rub Nawaz, Saniya Fayaz

3rd IBA SBS International Conference 2024

With an increase in studies relating to consumer perceptions, behaviors, cognition and potential markets, researchers are trying to understand the science of neuromarketing and the copious possibilities it puts forth. The present reviews in the field of neuromarketing are often limited when it comes to the scope or the discussion of documents and further subjects. This serves as a limitation to the consolidative and theoretical implications in the field. The study addresses this theoretical and methodological gap by charting the bibliometric analysis using the citation, and cooccurrence approaches by analyzing a total of 396 articles extracted from the Web of …

Linking Leader Member Exchange (Lmx) And Happiness At Work Through Symbolic Interaction Theory, Faisal Qamar, Syed Mir Muhammad Shah, Shuaib Ahmed, Yasir Mansoor Kundi

3rd IBA SBS International Conference 2024

Drawing on symbolic interaction theory, present study tests LMX and employee happiness at work with mediation of self-esteem and moderation of organizational embeddedness. Authors collected data from FMCG companies from Pakistan that comprised 124 employees. Findings suggest significant relationship between LMX and happiness at work. Follower self-esteem significantly mediated LMX and happiness at work, and organizational embeddedness moderated between LMX and happiness at work. Findings are instrumental for organizational practitioners. Organizational leaders should consider quality LMX interactions with their employees in prevailing global crises. It will improve relationship with team members and boost their self-esteem resulting in happiness at work. …

Examining Customer Loyalty Among Omni-Channel Users In The Age Of Disruptions In Retailing, Sheeraz Yar Khan, Jawaid A. Qureshi

3rd IBA SBS International Conference 2024

Amid tech-disruptions and the pandemic, COVID-19, the world has witnessed swift growth in omni-channels. This study aims to investigate the factors that influence the customer loyalty among omni-channel users. Omni-channels are famous platforms that connect customers with the brands. Firms strive hard to keep this channel more interactive and supportive in order to satisfy customers and create loyalty among them. Although it is an important aspect in modern business, fewer studies have been conducted in this area to provide a comprehensive model that not only helps to create satisfaction but also loyalty among users. The data for this study was …

Sustainable Hrm And Well-Being: Systematic Review And Future Research Agenda, Faisal Qamar, Gul Afshan, Rana Salman Anwer

3rd IBA SBS International Conference 2024

Sustainable HRM and workplace well-being have gained increased attention from researchers recently. Given this, the present paper attempts to undertake a systematic literature review to identify ways and means by which sustainable HRM and well-being are linked for better individual and organizational outcomes. The primary focus of this paper is to study the relationship between sustainable HRM and well-being, i.e., whether sustainable HRM predicts well-being at work? If yes, how and when this prediction takes place? Systematic computerized search and review were conducted for articles published until September 2021. One-twenty-one research articles were finally selected based on the set criteria …

Tourism And Sustainability: Tourism, Economics And Policy, Eshal Arooj, Hijab Bano

CBER Conference

The main purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between tourism and economic development in Pakistan. After using multiple secondary resources the conclusion to be drawn is that Tourism and Economic development are positively correlated meaning that if we work on our potential in tourism industry; Pakistan can witness huge change in its economic development and growth.

Impact Of Celebrity-Endorsed Products On Consumer's Purchase Intention, Syeda Hiba Badar

CBER Conference

Consumer Perception about the brand does not create a significant impact on Purchase Intention if the brand is endorsed by a celebrity. (P>0.05) 2. Consumer's Trust upon a celebrity is 33.6% effective with respect to their Purchase Intention. 3. Consumer Skeptism does not have a significant impact on Purchase Intention. 4. Brand Awareness does not have a positive impact on Purchase Intention of consumers when it is endorsed by a celebrity. 5. Consumers’ Purchase Intention is influenced 22.4% to Follow the celebrity Influencer. Majority agrees to the statement and says that celebrities influence the brand image to a greater …

Conference Program Schedule, Institute Of Business Administration

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

Conference Program Schedule, Institute Of Business Administration

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

Conference Program Schedule, Institute Of Business Administration

CBER Conference

No abstract provided.

Parallel Session: The Mediating Role Of Brand Image Of Health Product Brands On Consumer-Brand Relationships In Social Media, Dilip Mutum, Jing Ning, Ezlika Ghazali

International Conference on Marketing

This paper presents the finding of a study which examines the mediating role of brand image towards the effects of various brand factors influencing consumer-brand relationship, viz., brand experience, brand attribute, endorser effect, brand familiarity, online advertisement and social media engagement. This paper was extracted from a much larger study which examined the relationships in the context of health product brands in Malaysia. The results of this study hold important implications for both practitioners and academics. Marketers need to make efforts to further improve their brand image and communicate it clearly to the consumers. This will lead to better consumer …

Parallel Session: The Influence Of Personal And Product Factors On Gift Purchase Intention, Cheng Siang Liew, Yusniza Kamarul Zaman, Mohd Nor Othman

International Conference on Marketing

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of personal and product factors on gift purchase intention. As this paper seeks to understand the Malaysian consumers’ gift purchasing behaviour, a non-probability quota sampling is being adopted. The quota sampling is based on gender (50 Male- 50 Female) and ethnicity (50 Malay-30 Chinese-20 Indian). This research adopted mall intercepts method in collecting the data, since most of the gifts are often bought in shopping malls. Self-administered questionnaire was utilised and a total 447 questionnaires were used for further analysis. To analyse the data collected for this research Structural equation …

Parallel Session: Tactics To Save Brands From Failure, Kausar Saeed, Syed Fahim, Aisha Siddiqui, Kamran Siddiqui

International Conference on Marketing

The purpose of this study is to present the experts opinion about various tactics used to save brands from permanent failures. The sampling technique used in this survey was judgmental with a sample size of 196 marketing professionals from FMCG, health, pharmaceutical, services and manufacturing sectors based in Karachi. Using Exploratory Factor Analyses tactics are summarized into groups. This paper offers numerous expert opinions about tactics to save brands from permanent failure. Provides valuable analyses for marketing/brand professional and academics.

Parallel Session: Re-Clarification Of Corporate Character Scale (Davies Et Al., 2003) In Upscale Hotels, Dr. Mozard Mohtar, Dr. Norbani Che Ha, Dr. Zalfa Laili Hamzah

International Conference on Marketing

This study examines the robustness of corporate character scale (CCS) in hotel industry in Malaysia via parallel analysis of factor analytic methods. A total of 529 respondents were surveyed for the purpose with Shangri-La and Hilton as sample hotels. Principal Axis Factoring and Principal Component Analysis and LISREL 8.8 were used to analyze the scale. Results show four instead of five factors scale and all factors meet necessary validity and reliability requirements.

Parallel Session: Brand Switching Behaviour Of Muslim Consumers; The Road Not Taken, Munazza Saeed, Ilhaamie Binti Abdual Ghani Azmi

International Conference on Marketing

The purpose of this study is to build an argument in order to investigate the Muslim consumers switching behaviour. Moreover, it also intends to examine the previous literature on brand switching behaviour generally and in relation to the Muslim consumers specifically. This study seeks to expand the body of knowledge in consumer behaviour research with the emphasis on the role of Islam. The benefits that will be yielded from this study will not only provide guidelines to business researchers, but will also enhance the current understanding of Muslim consumers. It studies how the Muslim consumer’s brand switching behaviour is influenced …

Parallel Session: Comparative Study: Effect Of Color On Major Chocolate Brands In Pakistan (Branding And Packaging), Khawaja Saad Sohail, Sarah Khan

International Conference on Marketing

From the moment we open our eyes there is one thing that surrounds us and that is color. Thus color is one of the most important part of human life. Similarly when we talk about marketing we can’t go any futher unless we take into account how this major variable “Color” will impact us.This research aims to study how color effects people in Pakistan. Are there any differences in color choices amoung people based on their age, gender and religion. Does occasion play any part in impacting our color choice. Furthermore this research will also provide evidence about how change …

Parallel Session: Structural Effect Of Psychological Capital On Online Purchase Intention, Muhammad Zahid Maitlo, Dr. Salman Memon, Sumaiya Syed

International Conference on Marketing

The online purchase intention is very crucial in today’s competitive environment where organizations are constrained to use different mediums for selling goods in order to seize a competitive advantage. The online system provides a platform for shoppers to have their demanded products and service according to their needs. However, online purchase intentions are the building blocks of remote purchase pattern without any physical involvement with the product. Most importantly, customers become more comfortable and hopeful of having good products with an optimistic view. The fundamental objective of this study is to determine the structural effect of PsyCap on online purchase …

Parallel Session: Ethics Of Serving The Bottom Of Pyramid Market- A Study In Context Of Indian Food Market, Yukti Sharma, Dr. Reshma Nasreen

International Conference on Marketing

Purpose of study: BOP 1.0 proposition considers BOP market as consumer and a market based approach for alleviating poverty. Free market mechanism fails to inculcate the role of state for protecting the interest of vulnerable consumer. This paper reviews the vulnerabilities of BOP consumers and reality of marketing strategies for engaging this segment. This paper presents, the current legislative framework and suggestive guidelines to be considered while forming a marketing mix for subsistence market. It suggests a theoretical framework for ethical interaction and provides recommendation for marketers and policy makers for formulating and implementing policy at BOP.

Findings – Key …

Parallel Session: Founder Characteristics And Small Firm Performance In Pakistan, Ejaz Mian, Osman Mohamad

International Conference on Marketing

Although there is a large body of research on small firms, there is dearth of studies on small firms in developing countries. Developing countries present new sets of challenges which need new approach. Small firm founders in developing countries often lack marketing and general management knowledge, have low levels of literacy, lack training facilities for various types of skills, and have weak government support and infra-structure. Literature suggests founder characteristics have profound effect on the performance of small firms. This study seeks to investigate role of founder characteristics in performance of small firms in Pakistan. Small firms are defined as …

Parallel Session: Viral Marketing Via The New Media: The Case Of Communication Behavior In Whatsapp, Wan Yu Chong, Yusniza Kamarulzaman

International Conference on Marketing

WhatsApp is the number one smartphone application in Malaysia. With its enormous user base, WhatsApp is a platform with considerable potential for viral marketing, which is a form of electronic word-of-mouth. Past literature indicates that the success of viral marketing greatly depends on a user’s decision to forward viral content, with the user’s intention being the key factor leading up to it. Although different models have been proposed in electronic word-of-mouth viral marketing behaviour, these platforms do not work entirely the same way as WhatsApp, which is a mobile instant messaging application. In addition, the factors affecting the user’s participation …