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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Business
Disproportional Ownership Structure And Ipo Long-Run Performance Of Entrepreneurial Firm In China, Jerry X. Cao, Gary Gang Tian, Vincent Tang, Xiaoming Wang
Disproportional Ownership Structure And Ipo Long-Run Performance Of Entrepreneurial Firm In China, Jerry X. Cao, Gary Gang Tian, Vincent Tang, Xiaoming Wang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper examines the relationship between ownership structures and IPO long-run performance in China. Although entrepreneurial firms underperform the market in general after IPO but the poor performance is mainly caused by the IPOs with ownership control wedge. Entrepreneurial firms with one share one vote structure outperform those with ownership control wedge by 30% for 3 years post-IPO in either buy-and-hold or cumulative monthly returns. Entrepreneurial firms with excess ownership control wedge have higher frequency of undertaking value-destroying related party transactions. These findings suggest that entrepreneurial firms need to improve corporate governance such as disproportional ownership structure to better safeguard …
Institutional Presence, Johan Sulaeman, Chi Shen Wei
Institutional Presence, Johan Sulaeman, Chi Shen Wei
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We propose an Institutional Presence (IP) measure to capture the latent role of non-owner institutional investors who nevertheless may be observing a firm. We employ this measure to examine whether the ‘presence’ of institutional investors reduces information asymmetry in the market. Firms in areas with high institutional presence experience higher liquidity, faster information incorporation, lower costs of equity capital, and less financing frictions relative to firms in low IP areas. The results hold after controlling for firm and geographical characteristics including institutional ownership and urban locality. Our findings indicate that being in the presence of institutional investors brings tangible benefits.
What Are Analysts Really Good At?, Ohad Kadan, Leonardo Madureira, Rong Wang, Tzachi Zach
What Are Analysts Really Good At?, Ohad Kadan, Leonardo Madureira, Rong Wang, Tzachi Zach
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Sell-side analysts employ different benchmarks when defining their stock recommendations. For example, a ‘buy’ for some brokers means the stock is expected to outperform its peers in the same sector (“industry benchmarkers”), while for other brokers it means the stock is expected to outperform the market (“market benchmarkers”), or just some absolute return (“total benchmarkers”). We use these benchmarks to analyze the role of stock picking, industry picking and market timing in contributing to the performance of stock recommendations. We are able to do so given that different benchmarks suggest the use of different sets of abilities. Analysis of the …
What Are Analysts Really Good At?, Rong Wang, Leonardo Madureira, Rong Wang, Tzachi Zach
What Are Analysts Really Good At?, Rong Wang, Leonardo Madureira, Rong Wang, Tzachi Zach
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Sell-side analysts employ different benchmarks when defining their stock recommendations. For example, a ‘buy’ for some brokers means the stock is expected to outperform its peers in the same sector (“industry benchmarkers”), while for other brokers it means the stock is expected to outperform the market (“market benchmarkers”), or just some absolute return (“total benchmarkers”). We use these benchmarks to analyze the role of stock picking, industry picking and market timing in contributing to the performance of stock recommendations. We are able to do so given that different benchmarks suggest the use of different sets of abilities. Analysis of the …
Economic Effects Of Sox Section 404 Compliance: A Corporate Insider Perspective, Cindy Alexander, Scott Bauguess, Gennaro Bernile, Alex Lee, Jennifer Marietta-Westberg
Economic Effects Of Sox Section 404 Compliance: A Corporate Insider Perspective, Cindy Alexander, Scott Bauguess, Gennaro Bernile, Alex Lee, Jennifer Marietta-Westberg
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We use survey responses from 2,901 corporate insiders to assess the costs and benefits of compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The majority of respondents recognize compliance benefits, but they do not perceive these benefits to outweigh the costs, on average. This is particularly true among smaller companies where the start-up costs are proportionately larger. However, the perceived efficiency of compliance increases with auditor attestations, years of compliance experience, and after the remediation of a material weakness. Notably, the perceived effects of compliance depend largely on firm complexity, but are mostly unrelated to firm governance structure.
Institutional Trading Frictions, Chiraphol New Chiyachantana, Pankaj K. Jain
Institutional Trading Frictions, Chiraphol New Chiyachantana, Pankaj K. Jain
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We propose and empirically examine a comprehensive measure of institutional trading frictions to include the dimensions of price impact, quantity of execution, return dynamics, speed of execution or order splitting, and trading commissions. Our empirical analysis reveals that various hidden components of institutional trading frictions such as adverse selection and clean-up costs are persistent and could add significantly to previously measured directly observable components of transaction costs. Our simultaneous system of equations accounts for the endogeniety in institutional order aggressiveness based on potentially superior information as well as order splitting strategies in the implementation stage to reduce transaction costs. Order …
An Epidemiological Approach To Opinion And Price-Volume Dynamics, Dong Hong, Harrison G. Hong, Andrei Ungureanu
An Epidemiological Approach To Opinion And Price-Volume Dynamics, Dong Hong, Harrison G. Hong, Andrei Ungureanu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We develop a simple and tractable model of opinions and price-volume dynamics based on a word-of-mouth communication process widely used in epidemiology. Risk-averse investors have different opinions depending on whether they heard the news from a friend. Opinions initially diverge and then converge over time as news spreads, which leads to price adjustment and trading volume. News released to many leads to an expected difusion rate (the change in the fraction of investors with the news) that declines with time. But news initially released to few leads to an expected diffusion rate that initially increases in time and only then …
Investor Heterogeneity, Investor-Management Disagreement And Share Repurchases, Sheng Huang, Anjan V. Thakor
Investor Heterogeneity, Investor-Management Disagreement And Share Repurchases, Sheng Huang, Anjan V. Thakor
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper develops and tests a new theoretical explanation for stock repurchases. Investors may disagree with the manager about the firm's investment projects. A repurchase causes a change in the investor base as investors who are most likely to disagree with the manager tender their shares. Therefore, a firm is more likely to buy back shares when the level of investor-management agreement is lower, and agreement improves as a consequence. Moreover, dispersion of opinion among investors cannot explain repurchase activity once the stock price and investor-management agreement are controlled for. Overall, the evidence is consistent with firms strategically using repurchases …
Alternative Financing And Private Firm Performance, Daphne W. Yiu, Jun Su, Yuehua Xu
Alternative Financing And Private Firm Performance, Daphne W. Yiu, Jun Su, Yuehua Xu
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Why do private firms grow vibrantly in transition economies despite their limited access to formal financing? This study underscores the importance of informal financing in facilitating the growth of private firms in China. Drawing from the institutional economics argument, we posit that informal financing, in the form of underground financing and trade credit, substitutes formal financing in providing financial assistance and capital to private firms in China. We further posit that the effects of two kinds of informal financing vary across provinces with different levels of institutional development, and complement each other by supporting firms in different industries. We test …
Short Sales Constraint And Seo Pricing, Charlie Charoenwong, David K. Ding, Ping Wang
Short Sales Constraint And Seo Pricing, Charlie Charoenwong, David K. Ding, Ping Wang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We examine the influence of SEC's Rule 105 on informed trading and the information content of stock prices around an SEO's offer day. We show that constraints on short sales inhibit informed trading and hamper incorporation of information into stock prices for offers whose traders have private adverse information and without options listing. The constraints contribute to increased price uncertainty and higher market sensitivity to seller-initiated trading. After controlling for other causes of SEO discounts, we find that the decrease in information content of stock prices just before an offer day has a significant impact on the SEO's value discount.
Liquidity And Crises In Asian Equity Markets, Charlie Charoenwong, David K. Ding, Yung Chiang Yang
Liquidity And Crises In Asian Equity Markets, Charlie Charoenwong, David K. Ding, Yung Chiang Yang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This article presents a discussion of stock market liquidity and its relation to financial crises. It begins by defining liquidity and explaining possible measures of liquidity and then explores factors influencing liquidity. It also analyzes the liquidity among 11 Asian countries. The empirical findings based on the time-series analysis show a sharp decline in stock liquidity during both the 1997-1998 Asian and the recent 2007-2008 global financial crisis. The multivariate regression results show that both stock liquidity and trading activity decrease after large market declines. Stock liquidity responds significantly to large market declines in South Korea and Taiwan whereas it …
Growing The Asset Management Franchise: Evidence From Hedge Fund Firms, William Fung, David Hsieh, Narayan Y. Naik, Melvyn Teo
Growing The Asset Management Franchise: Evidence From Hedge Fund Firms, William Fung, David Hsieh, Narayan Y. Naik, Melvyn Teo
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We investigate the growth strategies of hedge fund firms. We find that firms with successful first funds are able to launch follow-on funds that charge higher performance fees, set more onerous redemption terms, and attract greater inflows. While first funds outperform follow-on funds, the superior performance of the former attenuates following the launch of the second fund. Multiple-product firms underperform single-product firms, but harvest greater fee revenues. Consequently, the multiple-product firm has become the dominant business model in the hedge fund industry.
Acquisitions Driven By Stock Overvaluation: Are They Good Deals?, Fangjian Fu, Leming Lin, Micah Officer
Acquisitions Driven By Stock Overvaluation: Are They Good Deals?, Fangjian Fu, Leming Lin, Micah Officer
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Theory and recent evidence suggest that overvalued firms can create value for shareholders if they exploit their overvaluation by using their stock as currency to purchase less overvalued firms. We challenge this idea and show that, in practice, overvalued acquirers significantly overpay for their targets. These acquisitions do not, in turn, lead to synergy gains. Moreover, these acquisitions seem to be concentrated among acquirers with the largest governance problems. CEO compensation, not shareholder value creation, appears to be the main motive behind acquisitions by overvalued acquirers.
Do Banks Monitor Corporate Decisions? Evidence From Bank Financing Of Mergers And Acquisitions, Sheng Huang, Ruichang Lu, Anand Srinivasan
Do Banks Monitor Corporate Decisions? Evidence From Bank Financing Of Mergers And Acquisitions, Sheng Huang, Ruichang Lu, Anand Srinivasan
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
We examine whether banks, in providing financing for the deals, monitor firms mergers and acquisitions to the extent that will benefit acquirers shareholders. Inconsistent with the conventional theoretical argument, we do not find that bank-financed deals are associated with better stock or accounting performance than bond-financed deals or deals paid with internal cash. There is strong evidence instead that banks tighten up the loan contract terms in financing the deals, such as cutting short the loan maturity and imposing higher collateral requirement and more covenant restrictions. However, bank-financed deals are more likely to be terminated when they experience more negative …
Forecasting Government Bond Risk Premia Using Technical Indicators, Jeremy Goh, Fuwei Jiang, Jun Tu, Guofu Zhou
Forecasting Government Bond Risk Premia Using Technical Indicators, Jeremy Goh, Fuwei Jiang, Jun Tu, Guofu Zhou
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
While economic variables have been used extensively to forecast bond risk premia, little attention has been paid to technical indicators which are widely used by practitioners. In this paper, we study the predictive ability of a variety of technical indicators vis-a-vis the economic variables. We find that technical indicators have significant in both in- and out-of-sample forecasting power. Moreover, we find that using information from both technical indicators and economic variables increases the forecasting performance substantially. We also find that the economic value of bond risk premia forecasts from our methodology is comparable to that of equity risk premium forecasts.
Rational Financial Management: Evidence From Seasoned Equity Offerings, Michael Barclay, Fangjian Fu, Clifford Smith
Rational Financial Management: Evidence From Seasoned Equity Offerings, Michael Barclay, Fangjian Fu, Clifford Smith
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Current theories of capital structure have difficulty explaining the aspects of financing behavior we document. In contrast to the tradeoff theory, seasoned equity offers frequently move firms away from their target leverage ratios. At odds with the pecking-order theory, SEO firms typically are financially healthy companies with low leverage, unused debt capacity and substantial cash balances. Inconsistent with the market-timing theory, SEOs appear to be driven by capital requirements associated with large investment projects rather than by market-timing considerations. Moreover, firms issue debt following SEOs, not only to finance investment, but to increase leverage toward its target level. Each of …
Stock Picking, Industry Picking And Market Timing In Sell-Side Research, Ohad Kadan, Leonardo Madureira, Rong Wang, Tzachi Zach
Stock Picking, Industry Picking And Market Timing In Sell-Side Research, Ohad Kadan, Leonardo Madureira, Rong Wang, Tzachi Zach
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
Sell-side analysts employ different benchmarks when defining their stock recommendations. For example, a ‘buy’ for some brokers means the stock is expected to outperform its peers in the same sector (“industry benchmarkers”), while for other brokers it means the stock is expected to outperform the market (“market benchmarkers”), or just some absolute return (“total benchmarkers”). We use these benchmarks to analyze the role of stock picking, industry picking and market timing in contributing to the performance of stock recommendations. We are able to do so given that different benchmarks suggest the use of different sets of abilities. Analysis of the …
From The Digital Divide To Inclusive Innovation: The Case Of Digital Money, Mark Dodgson, David Gann, Irving Wladawsky-Berger, Gerard George
From The Digital Divide To Inclusive Innovation: The Case Of Digital Money, Mark Dodgson, David Gann, Irving Wladawsky-Berger, Gerard George
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This report is concerned with a profoundly transformative technology, one that affects a crucial element of the fabric of society. It examines digital money, a technology that moves economic transactions, payments, remittances, transfers etc, from the physical into the digital world. Just as communications and publishing have been transformed by digital technologies, so too will financial services. The progress of digital money will inevitably surprise us and it will develop in unexpected ways, but we believe it is on the cusp of delivering a remarkable transformation in the global economy. It will end the divide between those who can and …
Shackling Short Sellers: The 2008 Shorting Ban, Ekkehart Boehmer, Charles M. Jones, Xiaoyan Zhang
Shackling Short Sellers: The 2008 Shorting Ban, Ekkehart Boehmer, Charles M. Jones, Xiaoyan Zhang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In September 2008, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) temporarily banned most short sales in nearly 1,000 financial stocks. We examine the ban's effect on market quality, shorting activity, the aggressiveness of short sellers, and stock prices. The ban's effects are concentrated in larger stocks; there is little effect on firms in the lower half of the size distribution. Although shorting activity drops by about 77% in large-cap stocks, stock prices appear unaffected by the ban. All but the smallest quartile of firms subject to the ban suffer a severe degradation in market quality.
Uncovering Hedge Fund Skill From The Portfolio Holdings They Hide, Vikas Agarwal, Wei Jiang, Yuehua Tang, Baozhong Yang
Uncovering Hedge Fund Skill From The Portfolio Holdings They Hide, Vikas Agarwal, Wei Jiang, Yuehua Tang, Baozhong Yang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper studies the “confidential holdings” of institutional investors, especially hedge funds, where the quarter-end equity holdings are disclosed with a delay through amendments to Form 13F and are usually excluded from the standard databases. Funds managing large risky portfolios with nonconventional strategies seek confidentiality more frequently. Stocks in these holdings are disproportionately associated with information-sensitive events or share characteristics indicating greater information asymmetry. Confidential holdings exhibit superior performance up to 12 months, and tend to take longer to build. Together the evidence supports private information and the associated price impact as the dominant motives for confidentiality.
Can Us Economic Variables Predict Chinese Stock Market?, Jeremy C. Goh, Fuwei Jiang, Jun Tu, Yuchen Wang
Can Us Economic Variables Predict Chinese Stock Market?, Jeremy C. Goh, Fuwei Jiang, Jun Tu, Yuchen Wang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
In the last few decades, we observed a significant increase in global economic activities and these activities may have an impact on both China’s economy and stock market. Given the potential impact, we empirically examine whether US economic variables are leading indicators of the Chinese stock market. Prior to China joining the World Trade Organization (WTO) in the end of 2001, we find no statistical relationship between US economic variables and the Chinese stock market returns. However, we find US economic variables have statistically significant predictive power for periods after China's admission into the WTO. In addition, we show that …
A New Look At The Corporate Social-Financial Performance Relationship: The Moderating Roles Of Temporal And Inter-Domain Consistency In Corporate Social Performance, Heli Wang, Jaepil Choi
A New Look At The Corporate Social-Financial Performance Relationship: The Moderating Roles Of Temporal And Inter-Domain Consistency In Corporate Social Performance, Heli Wang, Jaepil Choi
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
The authors develop the argument that the establishment of good stakeholder relations is influenced not only by a firm’s having a high level of corporate social performance but also by its ability to deliver consistent social performance. Therefore, both level and consistency in corporate social performance should have significant financial implications. More specifically, the authors suggest that level and two types of consistency in corporate social performance—temporal consistency and interdomain consistency—interact positively to influence a firm’s financial performance. Using a sample of 622 firms and 2,365 firm-year observations based on the Kinder, Lydenberg, Domini, & Co. data, the authors found …
Reference Point Adaptation And Disposition Effect, Chiraphol New Chiyachantana, Zongfei Yang
Reference Point Adaptation And Disposition Effect, Chiraphol New Chiyachantana, Zongfei Yang
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper investigates the importance of reference point adaptation in the analysis of the disposition effect. We consider two exogenous factors pertinent to reference point adaptation: prior outcome and recent expectation of future outcome. We show that the incidence of the disposition effect varies in a manner consistent with reference point adaptation. Both prior outcome and recent expectation of future outcome affect the location of the reference point and have a large and significant impact on the incidence of the disposition effect. First, the disposition effect can largely be explained by investors’ inability to sufficiently adapt the reference point in …
The Aftermarket Performance Of Initial Public Offerings, Chiyachantana N. Chiraphol, Theerawat Pinta, Nareerat Taechapiroontong, Anantaporn Wongkham
The Aftermarket Performance Of Initial Public Offerings, Chiyachantana N. Chiraphol, Theerawat Pinta, Nareerat Taechapiroontong, Anantaporn Wongkham
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This paper examines the aftermarket performance of initial public offerings (IPOs) and explores the underpricing of IPOs in an Asian emerging equity market using a comprehensive sample of IPOs. Our findings suggest that there exist a significant underpricing. Specifically, new issues have been offered at an average market-adjusted discount of about 20%. The magnitude of IPO underpricing is significantly larger for large firms, older firms and firms with small offering size.
The Effect Of Information Disclosure On Information Asymmetry, Chiraphol New Chiyachantana, Neeranuch Nuengwang, Nareerat Taechapiroontong, Pakpoom Thanarung
The Effect Of Information Disclosure On Information Asymmetry, Chiraphol New Chiyachantana, Neeranuch Nuengwang, Nareerat Taechapiroontong, Pakpoom Thanarung
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business
This study investigates the relation among information disclosure, firm characteristics and information asymmetry. The authors find evidence consistent with the notion that increasing corporate disclosure and transparency reduces the asymmetric information between informed and uninformed investors. The findings indicate a strong relation between firm characteristics and level of information disclosure. Larger firms, firms with high growth opportunity and superior performance are associated with higher level of information disclosure. With respect to type of information, large firms, firms with superior operating performance, high growth opportunity are likely to disclose the investment and structural change as well as legal and miscellaneous information. …