Business Commons^™

Moderator Impact Of Preferred Hrm Culture On The Relationship Between Work Values On Contextual And Task Performance, Palli Mulla K A Chandrakumara

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This study examines the moderator effect of individual preferences for HRM practices on the relationship between work values and contextual and task performance (CTP).The relevant literature suggests that the notion of individual preferences in regard to their effect on CTP, moderator effect in particular, has received scant systematic attention.The data were obtained in a sample of 356 manufacturing sector employees in Sri Lanka. A three-step moderated hierarchical regression procedure was adopted to examine the moderating effect of individual preferences. The results of the study supported the hypotheses. Originally, work values and ethics had a direct effect on CTP. However, this …

Political Promotion, Ceo Incentives, And The Relationship Between Pay And Performance, Xiaping Cao, Michael Lemmon, Xiaofei Pan, Meijun Qian, Gary G. Tian

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Both theory and empirical evidence suggest that managers' career concerns can serve as an important source of implicit economic incentives. We examine how incentives for political promotion are related to compensation policy and firm performance in Chinese state-owned enterprises. We find that the likelihood that the CEO receives a political promotion is positively related to firm performance. We also find that CEOs with a higher likelihood of political promotion have lower pay levels and lower pay-performance sensitivity. Overall, the evidence suggests that competition in the political job market helps mitigate weak monetary incentives for CEOs in China.

The Links Among Characteristics, Controls And Performance Of Inter-Firm Innovation Projects, Maria Cadiz Dyball, Andy Wang

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This study aims to explore the effects of: (1) the project characteristics of asset specificity, uncertainty and complexity on the performance of, and, the use of formal and social controls in inter-firm innovation projects, and, (2) the use of formal and social controls on the performance of inter-firm innovation projects. In addition, the mediating role of the use of formal and social controls in the relationships between the characteristics and performance of inter-firm innovation projects is also examined. Survey data from 75 organisations in innovation-active industries in Australia were analysed using the structural equation modelling with the Partial Least Square …

Disproportionate Ownership Structure And Ipo Long-Run Performance Of Non-Soes In China, Xiaoming Wang, Jerry Cao, Qigui Liu, Jinghua Tang, Gary Tian

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This paper examines the relationship between ownership structures and IPO long-run performance of non-SOEs in China. Although non-SOEs underperform the market in general after IPO but the poor performance is mainly caused by the IPOs with ownership control wedge. Non-SOEs with one share one vote structure outperform those with control-ownership wedge by 30% for three years post-IPO performance in adjusted buy-and-hold returns. Non-SOEs with control-ownership wedge have higher frequency of undertaking value-destroying related party transactions. These findings suggest that non-SOEs need to improve corporate governance such as disproportionate ownership structure to better safeguard the interest of long-run shareholders.

Does Ownership Affect Bank Performance? An Analysis Of Vietnamese Banks In The Post - Wto Entry Period, Le Thanh Phuong, Charles Harvie, Amir Arjomandi

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This study investigates the impact of financial reforms, bank characteristics, and time trends on the performance of the Vietnamese banking sector under the assumption that ownership can result in a divergence of technologies utilised by different bank groups (including state - owned, private, and foreign banks), and the fact that these groups may respond differently to the same environmental variables . By combining a meta - frontier analysis with double - bootstrap two - stage DEA the authors analyse the impact of en vironmental variables on bank efficiency across separate groups operating under different technologies. Accordingly, this paper, firstly, employs …

Implications Of Ownership Identity And Insider's Supremacy On The Economic Performance Of The Listed Companies, Qaiser Rafique Yasser, Abdullah Al Mamun

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

We adopt a multi-theoretic approach to investigate a previously unexplored phenomenon in extant literature, namely the differential impact of ownership identity and director dominate shareholding on the performance of emerging market firms. The main research question addressed is, whether the impact of this relationship is conditional on the identity of the block investor. First, the relationship between overall block ownership and firm performance is tested by employing multiple regressions on 500 firm-year observations for the period from 2007 to 2011. Then, the block ownership is classified as the state, individuals, insiders, financial institutions, corporate and foreign investors and the influence …

Ceo Duality Structure And Firm Performance In Pakistan, Qaiser Rafique Yasser, Abdullah Al Mamun, Abdul Suriya

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This article examines the impact of CEO duality on firm performance; which attracted much attention, especially in emerging economies, yet yielded several inconsistent empirical results. CEO duality exists when the offices of the CEO and Chairman are retained by the same person. This study examines the relationship between CEO duality and the performance of Pakistani public listed companies by using a sample of five years, from 2007 to 2011. This study tested the hypotheses with data obtained from the Karachi Stock Exchange 100 indexed firms, and employed the agency and stewardship theory perspectives. However, our empirical results do not show …

Organizational Change Within Charities: Improved Performance Via Introduction Of Market Orientation And Other Strategic Orientations, Paul Chad

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Market orientation is recognised as the key strategic orientation enabling for-profit organizations to gain improved performance. Adopting such an orientation can also aid nonprofit charities facing pressure to become more businesslike due to increasing competition in the current global environment. Knowledge regarding exactly how charities can change is however highly under-researched. Based upon examination of multiple case studies of charities that underwent organisational change to improve performance, the change management process is analysed using a discourse transformation framework to identify how charity managers successfully introduced new strategic orientations dominated by a market orientation. A "checklist" is developed that offers nonprofit …

Do Venture Capitalists Play A Monitoring Role In An Emerging Market? Evidence From The Pay-Performance Relationship Of Chinese Entrepreneurial Firms, Jerry Cao, Qigui Liu, Gary Tian

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This paper investigates venture capitalists' monitoring of managerial behaviour by examining their impact on CEO pay-performance sensitivity across various controlling structures in Chinese firms. We find that the effectiveness of venture capitalists' monitoring depends on different types of agency conflict. In particular, we find that venture capital (VC) monitoring is hampered in firms that experience severe controlling-minority agency problems caused by disproportionate ownership structures. We provide further evidence that VC is more likely to exert close monitoring in firms that have greater managerial agency conflict, and thus require more direct monitoring. However, controlling-minority agency problems have a greater impact on …

An Evaluation Of The World's Major Airlines' Technical And Environmental Performance, Amir Arjomandi, Juergen Seufert

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

In this empirical study, we apply bootstrapped data envelopment analysis (DEA) models under variable returns to scale to examine both the environmental and technical efficiencies of airlines. Using the regional classification of the International Air Transport Association (IATA), we chose 48 of the world's major full-service and low-cost carriers from six different regions, and then estimated their performance over the period 2007-2010. Our empirical results show that many of the most technically efficient airlines are from China and North Asia, whilst many of the best environmental performers are from Europe. We also found that although the number of environmentally oriented …

The Responsible Leadership For Performance Framework, Carolyn Koh

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

A leader is assumed to be someone entrusted by his/her followers to lead, behave responsibly and be accountable for his actions. He/she would be someone righteous, with a high level of moral judgement and a good reputation, and thus, be held to a higher moral standard.

The Effect Of Personality Traits On Subject Choice And Performance In High School: Evidence From An English Cohort, Silvia Mendolia, Ian Walker

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This paper investigates the relationship between personality traits in adolescence and performance in high school using a large and recent cohort study. In particular, we investigate the impact of locus of control, self-esteem, and work ethics at age 15, on test scores at age 16, and on subject choices and subsequent performance at age 17-18. In particular, individuals with external locus of control or with low levels of self-esteem seem less likely to have good performance in test scores at age 16 and to pursue further studies at 17-18, especially in mathematics or science. We use matching methods to control …

The Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure And Financial Performance: Evidence From Thailand, Wisuttorn Jitaree, Sudhir C. Lodh, Shyam S. Bhati

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This study examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure and financial performance in Thailand during the period 2009-2011. Four measures of financial performance were used based on data extracted from the annual reports of 232 firms listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand. A CSR disclosure index was constructed to measure the extent and dimensions of CSR disclosure. Overall, the results from the empirical analysis provide some evidence of positive relationship between financial performance and CSR disclosure. This study adds further evidence to the literature on the relationship between the CSR and financial performance in an emerging country. …

The Contribution Of Entrepreneurship And Innovation To Thai Sme Manufacturing Performance, Teerawat Charoenrat, Charles Harvie

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play a pivotal role in accelerating Thai economic development. SMEs provide backward linkages for large enterprises through supply of goods, services, information and knowledge. Despite SMEs obvious significance, they face several severe difficulties that act as obstacles to their further development. The primary motivation of this study is to upon identifying: 1) the role, significance and contribution of Thai manufacturing SMEs to the Thai economy; 2) entrepreneur characteristics (age, gender, education, work experience); and (3) innovation (new products, processes, organization structure).

Analysing Banks' Intermediation And Operational Performance Using The Hicks-Moorsteen Tfp Index: The Case Of Iran, Amir Arjomandi, Abbas Valadkhani, Martin O'Brien

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

In order to analyse the impact of policy reforms on the performance of the banking sector in Iran we present a decomposition of the Hicks-Moorsteen Total Factor Productivity (TFP). This entails a comparison of both the intermediate and operating performances of different types of banks in the pre- and post-reform eras. Our results show that under the intermediation approach, state-owned banks (public banks) were considerably more efficient than private banks in the post-regulation period. In contrast, under the operating approach, private banks were fully technically efficient and mix efficient in both pre and post-reform eras. This paper highlights the importance …

Learning And Study Strategies Affecting The Performance Of Undergraduate Management Accounting Students In An Australian University, Anura De Zoysa, Palli Mulla K A Chandrakumara, Kathleen Rudkin

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This study examines the relationship between the academic performance of second year management accounting students at an Australian 'red brick' university and the respective individual learning and study strategies adopted by them in their studies of management accounting. A sample size of one hundred and eighteen valid responses comprises the data for this study. The respondents completed the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory (LASSI). The results demonstrate that learning and study strategies of low and high performing groups differed significantly in six out of ten aspects that were examined, namely: anxiety; attitude; information processing; motivation; the ability to select main …

The Puzzle Of Negative Association Of Earnings Quality With Corporate Performance: A Finding From Chinese Publicly Listed Firms, Shiguang Ma

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Introduction

- Earnings management - Accounting data management. - Real earnings management.

- Earnings quality - Financial statement accurately and unbiased reports corporate operating status and financial position. - Earnings quality as the degree to which earnings persists or sustains into next period.

- Corporate performance - Low earnings quality leads to low corporate performance. - Theoretically approved, but empirical evidences are not consistent.

- The Puzzle of Negative Association of Earnings Quality with Corporate Performance in China - Probably, it is rational in an emerging market.

Mutual Fund Ownership, Firm Specific Information, And Firm Performance: Evidence From China, Wenhua Sharpe, Gary Tian, Hong Feng Zhang

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This paper shows empirically that the positive association between mutual fund ownership and firm value in China is mainly driven by the informed trading of mutual funds. Utilizing the unique short term feature of mutual fund holdings for the period from 2001 to 2010, we provide an informational link between a decomposed component of market-to-book ratio (firm specific valuation component) and mutual fund holdings. Specifically, we find that firms with a higher level of mutual fund ownership are associated with a higher specific value. Moreover, the positive association between the specific value of a firm and mutual fund ownership is …

Performance Of Automakers In China And India: An Empirical Investigation Using Ratio Analysis, Ying Deng, Anura De Zoysa, Shyam Bhati

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Automakers in China and India are continually increasing their shares of the automobile market by adopting cost leadership strategy. In this study, we examine the operational and financial performance of automobile firms in China and India through a range of accounting ratios. This analysis provides a snap shot of operating and financial performance of Chinese automakers in comparison to one of their main competitors, India. The results of the analysis suggests that despite the public view that Indian automakers are posing serious challenge to Chinese automaker in recent years on the cost competitiveness, Chinese automakers have shown continuous improvement in …

An Evaluation Of The World's Major Airlines' Technical And Environmental Performance, Amir Arjomandi, Juergen Seufert

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 26th European conference on operational research, 1-4 July 2013, Rome, Italy

An Evaluation Of The World's Major Airlines' Technical And Environmental Performance, Amir Arjomandi, Juergen Seufert

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This study is the first to use bootstrapped data envelopment analysis (DEA) models under variable returns to scale in order to examine both the environmental and technical efficiency of airlines. Using the regional classification of the International Air Transport Association (IATA), we chose 48 of the world's major full-service and low-cost carriers from six different regions, and then estimated their performance over the period 2007- 2010. Our empirical results show that many of the most technically efficient airlines are from China and North Asia, while many of the most environmentally efficient airlines are from Europe. We also found that although …

Eva As Superior Performance Measurement Tool, Abdullah Al Mamun, Shazali Abu Mansor

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Prior to the East Asian financial crisis scholars found the necessity of a true financial performance measure in Malaysia. After more than one decade of the crisis Malaysian firms still stick with the conventional performance measures, which are criticised due to general accepted accounting principles. In this vein, this study aims to study a value based financial performance measure which can be adopted by the Malaysian firms over the conventional measures currently used. Economic Value Added (EVA) was introduced and advocated by Stern Stewart and Co. in 1982. This study intended to identify why EVA should be used as financial …

Australian Banks Performance During The Global Financial Crisis: An Analysis On The Efficiency And Productivity, Shima Hassan Zadeh Forughi, Anura De Zoysa

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

The banking industry plays a crucial role in the financial system and economic development of any country. Thus, the evaluation of its efficiency is of great importance. The present thesis analyses the impact of different phases of the recent banking crisis on Australian banks with a view to identifying problem areas in the banking sector and to provide directions for policy improvements.

A multiple-stage approach based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is utilized in this study to investigate the level of efficiency and productivity of the Australian banks over a 7 year period. This analysis consists of the following five …

At The Coalface: Storying Resistance To The Managerial Imposition Of A New Performance Appraisal System, Patrick Dawson, Peter Mclean

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This study explores contested change at Glenrothes Colliery and the way that stories emerge are challenged, developed, redefined and shared as part of a continuing dialogue and storying process as miners sought to reassert their sense of collective identity. We argue for a broader conceptualisation of story that moves beyond the confines of folklorist tradition with a focus on retrospective narrative analysis to one which is able to accommodate the temporal, contextual, and political nature of stories as employees make sense and give sense to the changes imposed by management that threatened their collective sense of identity.

Ability, Gender, And Performance Standards: Evidence From Academic Probation, Jason M. Lindo, Nicholas J. Sanders, Philip Oreopoulos

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

We use a regression discontinuity design to examine students' responses to being placed on academic probation. Consistent with a model of introducing performance standards, we find that being placed on probation at the end of the first year discourages some students from returning to school while improving the GPAs of those who do. We find heterogeneous responses across prior academic performance, gender, and native language, and discuss these results within the context of the model. We also find negative effects on graduation rates, particularly for students with the highest high school grades.

The Ownership And Ownership Concentration? The Impact On The Performance Of China's Firms, Shiguang Ma, Tony Naughton, Gary G. Tian

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This paper investigates the impact of ownership and ownership concentration on the performance of China's listed firms. By recognizing the differences between ownership and ownership concentration, and between total ownership concentration and tradable ownership concentration, we find that ownership concentration is more powerful than any category of ownership in determining firm performance and that it has approximately positive linear relations with firm value. The tradable ownership concentration has a more significant and positive influence on firm performance than total ownership concentration. The highest level of firm performance is approached when a firm is characterized with both total ownership concentration and …

Time Orientation, Task Characteristics, And Customer Performance, Nina Reynolds, Salvador Ruiz De Maya

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

The present study illustrates that consumer time use preference moderates the effect of satisfaction with the task solution, but has no impact on level of performance. Results show that more complex tasks produce higher (lower) levels of satisfaction for polychronic (monochronic) consumers than simpler tasks. In contrast, prioritizing complex activities increases (decreases) satisfaction for monochronic (polychronic) consumers. Unlike task solution satisfaction, time orientation does not impact on task performance. These findings suggest that online retailers should emphasize site factors related to consumers' tasks that best suit the time use preference of their primary users in order to maximize customer satisfaction.

Trade Reform And Industrial Performance: A Survey, Kankesu Jayanthakumaran

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Under structural adjustment programme trade liberalization has been given a prominent role with.the expectation that it would promote exports and productivity. along the. line. of comparative advantages; also it would reduce monopolistic cond.Ittons m the domestic markets and reduce the rice markups. Number of hteratures attempt to test the reform induced p ~ across industr'es. d I . perj_ormance l 't I m eve opmg countries. This paper examines the available t f eratdu re for .t he purpose of ex p lo n·n g some general conclust· ons on this field 0 stu,/' A ~~nk bet~~en tra.de policy and …