Business Commons^™

The Interplay Between Accounting Professionals And Political Ideologies: The Emergence Of Chinese Accounting Standards From 1978 To 1992, Lina Xu, Corinne L. Cortese, Eagle Zhang

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This article explores the role of accounting professionals in the emergence of the first set of accounting standards - Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises (ASBE) - in China between 1978 and 1992. Based on a variety of sources drawn from the archives of Chinese language accounting textbooks and highly ranked academic journals, this article reveals how accounting professionals adapted accounting thoughts and practice to fit the demands of the prevailing political ideologies, which facilitated the social conditions essential for the development of ASBE. Drawing on theoretical perspectives on the interplay between accounting and its social context, as pronounced and advocated …

Caught Between Two Worlds: Clusters, Microfinance Officers And Accountability Mechanisms In A Sri Lankan Mfi, Nadeera Ranabahu, Lee C. Moerman

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This paper studies the accountability mechanisms and dynamics that exist within a microfinance context when microfinance officers (MFOs) interact with borrowers at the community level (MFO-community interface). In the Sri Lankan microfinance institution (MFI) used in this study, community units or clusters comprising of several peer or solidarity groups engage with MFOs in the field. Using Ritchie and Richardson's (2000) accountability typologies (codified, contingent, assumed and collateral), this article explores how multiple and complex accountability relationships manifest at the MFO community interface.The data collected from interviews, discussions, observations, document reviews and the primary researcher's reflective notes demonstrate that both codified …

Moderator Impact Of Preferred Hrm Culture On The Relationship Between Work Values On Contextual And Task Performance, Palli Mulla K A Chandrakumara

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This study examines the moderator effect of individual preferences for HRM practices on the relationship between work values and contextual and task performance (CTP).The relevant literature suggests that the notion of individual preferences in regard to their effect on CTP, moderator effect in particular, has received scant systematic attention.The data were obtained in a sample of 356 manufacturing sector employees in Sri Lanka. A three-step moderated hierarchical regression procedure was adopted to examine the moderating effect of individual preferences. The results of the study supported the hypotheses. Originally, work values and ethics had a direct effect on CTP. However, this …

Political Promotion, Ceo Incentives, And The Relationship Between Pay And Performance, Xiaping Cao, Michael Lemmon, Xiaofei Pan, Meijun Qian, Gary G. Tian

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Both theory and empirical evidence suggest that managers' career concerns can serve as an important source of implicit economic incentives. We examine how incentives for political promotion are related to compensation policy and firm performance in Chinese state-owned enterprises. We find that the likelihood that the CEO receives a political promotion is positively related to firm performance. We also find that CEOs with a higher likelihood of political promotion have lower pay levels and lower pay-performance sensitivity. Overall, the evidence suggests that competition in the political job market helps mitigate weak monetary incentives for CEOs in China.

Breaking The Link Between Legal Access To Alcohol And Motor Vehicle Accidents: Evidence From New South Wales, Jason M. Lindo, Peter M. Siminski, Oleg Yerokhin

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

A large literature has documented significant public health benefits associated with the minimum legal drinking age in the USA, particularly because of the resulting effects on motor vehicle accidents. These benefits form the primary basis for continued efforts to restrict youth access to alcohol. It is important to keep in mind that policymakers have a wide variety of alcohol-control options available to them, and understanding how these policies may complement or substitute for one another can improve policy making moving forward. Towards this end, we propose that investigating the causal effects of the minimum legal drinking age in New South …

Relation Between Trust Theory And Agency Theory, Shyam S. Bhati

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

The global fmancial crisis (GFC) of 2008 has I:aised many issues in regard to the operations of business, particularly financial institutions. The most important issue is the loss of trust in the way financial institutions work. Some authors have called the economic crisis a crisis of trust (Eichengreen, 2009). Emst and Young (2011) have conducted a global survey of banking industry in the aftermath of GFC. They found that the banking industry in mature markets such as USA, UK, Germany, France and Italy has experienced a shift in customer confidence and trust whereas banking industry in emerging markets such as …

The Relationship Between Responsible Leadership And Organisational Commitment With The Mediating Effect Of Turnover Intentions: An Empirical Study With Australian Employees, Md Amlan Haque, Mario Fernando, Peter Caputi

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

The purpose of this paper is to report the findings of an Australian study testing the relationship between responsible leadership and organizational commitment. We further test and report the mediating effect of turnover intentions of employees.

The Relationship Between Human Capital, Value Creation And Employee Reward, Peter R. Massingham, Wing Yin Leona Tam

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Purpose

This paper examines the relationship between human capital (HC) and value creation and employee reward. HC is an important component of intellectual capital (IC). There is growing interest in how IC can be used to create organizational value. This paper addresses the need for critical analysis of IC practices in action. Based on data gathered from three annual surveys at Australia's second largest public sector organization, the paper introduces psychological contract as new HC factors, and develops a method to measure HC in terms of value creation (work activity) and employee reward (pay). The findings have practical implications for …

Attribution Theory: Untangling The Relationship Between Management And Workers, Irit Alony

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Attribution theory deals with how and why people form an opinion about the reasons for an event or observation (Winkler 2010). This theory is based on the idea that perception is the foundation of human understanding, sensemaking, and behaviour. This theory claims that people develop explanations for the behaviours of others, similarly to how scientists try to understand the world. The theory asserts that people's opinions are formed based on how they perceive the behaviour and the reality surrounding it. This explanation, the attribution, is based on how the observing person perceives a cause for the actor's behaviour.

Modes Of Knowledge Sharing Between Groups, Joseph Meloche, Helen Hasan

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

The inspiration for this work comes from a research consultancy project aimed at assessing the use of the web to enhance communication between two groups, namely, teams of clinicians and the families of patients in Intensive Care Units (ICU). As this project unfolded, the challenge of enabling knowledge sharing between these two disparate groups was encountered. In the ICU situation the patient usually does not have the capacity to contribute to their healthcare choices so that decisions have to be made on their behalf using the combined knowledge of the clinicians and the patient's family. The situation is made more …

The Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure And Financial Performance: Evidence From Thailand, Wisuttorn Jitaree, Sudhir C. Lodh, Shyam S. Bhati

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This study examines the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure and financial performance in Thailand during the period 2009-2011. Four measures of financial performance were used based on data extracted from the annual reports of 232 firms listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand. A CSR disclosure index was constructed to measure the extent and dimensions of CSR disclosure. Overall, the results from the empirical analysis provide some evidence of positive relationship between financial performance and CSR disclosure. This study adds further evidence to the literature on the relationship between the CSR and financial performance in an emerging country. …

"Translating" Between Survey Answer Formats, Sara Dolnicar, Bettina Grun

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Survey research remains the most popular source of market knowledge, yet researchers have not yet established one consistent technique for measuring responses. Some market research companies offer respondents two answer options; others five or seven. Some answer formats use middle points on the answer scales, others do not. Some formats verbalize all answer options, some only the endpoints. The wide variety of answer formats that market research companies and academic researchers use makes comparing results across studies virtually impossible. This study offers guidance for market researchers by presenting empirical translations for the answer formats they most commonly use, thus enabling …

The Impact Of Information Opacity On The Relation Between Founding-Family Control And Cost Of Debt, Liangbo Ma, Shiguang Ma, Gary Tian

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

The literature finds mixed empirical evidence for systematic relations between founding - family ownership and cost of debt. Using a sample of 3380 privately (non-state) controlled but publicly listed firms in China between 2004 and 2010, we find that, on average, founding-family controlled firms pay significantly lower cost of debt, relative to non-founding-family controlled firms. Further investigation reveals that the negative relation between founding-family control and cost of debt exists mainly in firms that are relatively less opaque. Our results are robust to different measures of cost of debt and information opacity. We further generate evidence that in regions with …

Do Satisfied Tourists Really Intend To Come Back? Three Concerns With Empirical Studies Of The Link Between Satisfaction And Behavioral Intention, Sara Dolnicar, Tim Coltman, Rajeev Sharma

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Explaining human behavior is a primary concern for tourism research and a substantial body of research concludes that highly satisfied tourists are more likely to return to a particular destination. In this article, we provide an analysis of this body of work, arriving at three concerns relating to the strength of association between satisfaction and behavioral intention: (1) the link between constructs is complex, resulting in the frequent omission of causal factors; (2) inconsistency with construct operationalization impedes cumulative knowledge development; and (3) explainable variance is impeded by between-study heterogeneity. We illustrate these problems by analyzing empirical guest survey data …

On The Relationship Between Population Change And Sustainable Development, Simone Marsiglio

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

This paper investigates the relationship between population growth and economic growth, through the study of fertility choices and their effects on natural resources. It aims at analyzing the interactions between endogenous fertility choices and the environment and their link to the sustainable matter. We analyze a growth model driven by natural resources and without production, where agents have jointly to determine consumption and fertility, taking into account the effects of their decisions on the dynamics of natural resources. We adopt the most optimistic view on natural capital (it generates endogenous growth) and the weakest notion of sustainable paths (all variables …

Comovement Between Emerging And Developed Stock Markets: An Investigation Through Cointegration Analysis, Searat Ali, Babar Zaheer Butt, Kashif Ur Rehman

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

Globalization has amplified interest of academics and investors to the subject of co movement among the stock markets of the world. This study investigates the co movement of Pakistan's Equity Market with the markets of India, China, Indonesia, Singapore, Taiwan, Malaysia, Japan, USA and UK by using co integration test on monthly stock prices from the period of July 1998 to June 2008. The results reveal that there is no co movement of Pakistan's equity market with the markets of UK, USA, Taiwan, Malaysia and Singapore. Therefore, investors can reduce risk through investment in these countries. Whereas the stock prices …

The Distinction Between Tax Avoidance And Tax Evasion Has Become Blurred In Australia: Why Has It Happened?, John Mclaren

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

The distinction between tax avoidance and tax evasion has been well established in the Australian taxation system. However, for some time the Australian Government has ignored the difference between the two concepts when it comes to Australians using tax havens and being investigated as part of 'Project Wickenby'.1The Australian Government is deliberately labelling all attempts to minimise income tax through the use of tax havens and offshore financial centres (OFCs) as tax evasion and therefore a criminal act. There have been examples quoted in the press where the Australian Crime Commission, conducting investigations as part of 'Project Wickenby', have gained …

The Relationship Between Accounting Profit And Economic Income, John Ryan

Faculty of Business - Papers (Archive)

The reliance on economic concepts, most notably economic income, for the measurement of profit in financial accounting is misplaced. This paper explores the concept of economic income, contrasting it with the concept of profit in the conventional accounting model. The concept of individual economic income cannot be used for measurement of profit for a past period as the concept is based on the capitalisation of expectations and excludes "separate but correlated" concepts of profit and capital needed for capital maintenance.