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Articles 1 - 30 of 30
Full-Text Articles in Business
Competition And Sensegiving: Nonprofit Markets And Organizational Signaling, Adam Eckerd, Jacob Fowles, Jamie Levine Daniel, Riley Sandel
Competition And Sensegiving: Nonprofit Markets And Organizational Signaling, Adam Eckerd, Jacob Fowles, Jamie Levine Daniel, Riley Sandel
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
In this paper, we investigate how an organization’s position within its nonprofit marketplace influences how nonprofits convey images about themselves to their stakeholders. We discuss the nature of competition in the nonprofit sector and explore the different competitive positions that nonprofits find themselves in. We assess how this positionality affects the ways that nonprofits attempt to convey images, or senses, of themselves to external audiences. We find that these sensegiving approaches are affected by competition, particularly when considered together with the stage of the organization’s lifecycle.
Ownership Of Esg Characteristics, Mark E. Bateman, Lisa R. Goldberg
Ownership Of Esg Characteristics, Mark E. Bateman, Lisa R. Goldberg
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
A portfolio can be viewed as the collection of the businesses, policies and practices of constituent companies. We measure investors' Ownership of this collection. Ownership metrics aggregate an assortment of company specific Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) characteristics to the portfolio level, and they can inform investment and engagement decisions. Relative to a benchmark, investor Ownership is active and satisfies a zero-sum property, which underscores the distinction between Ownership and impact. Ownership of ESG characteristics may be interpreted as ascribing ethical responsibility, but that conclusion and any decisions that result from it belong to the investor.
Between The Public And The Private Interest: The Interrelationship Of Intermediary Roles Of Environmental Nonprofits In Coastal Resilience, Marina Saitgalina, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Taiwo Olanrewaju-Lasisi
Between The Public And The Private Interest: The Interrelationship Of Intermediary Roles Of Environmental Nonprofits In Coastal Resilience, Marina Saitgalina, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Taiwo Olanrewaju-Lasisi
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
Government regulators cannot mitigate the loss of wetlands and coastal erosion alone. Nonprofits, uniquely situated between coastal property owners with personal interests and governments with regulatory interests, are positioned to mediate the interests of different parties while considering local context and individual circumstances. However, it is unclear what roles environmental nonprofits play within the network of actors. This study asks: (1) What roles do environmental nonprofit organizations play in local stakeholder network arrangements for wetlands conservation and shoreline management? (2) How are these roles interrelated? We use two frameworks describing the roles of nonprofits to examine the roles of environmental …
Understanding The Nature Of Non-Profit Incubators With Other Sector Incubators In The Founding Of Social Change Organisations By Social Entrepreneurs, Jesus N. Valero, Marina Saitgalina, Rachel A. Black
Understanding The Nature Of Non-Profit Incubators With Other Sector Incubators In The Founding Of Social Change Organisations By Social Entrepreneurs, Jesus N. Valero, Marina Saitgalina, Rachel A. Black
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
Incubators have been studied extensively in the private sector, such as those that engage in technological innovation or growing small businesses. The scholarship has not sufficiently explored the efforts of incubators in the nonprofit sector that help create programs supporting, mentoring, and cultivating social entrepreneurs. There are numerous documented cases of nonprofit organizations establishing initiatives that help motivated entrepreneurs achieve social change; but research is lagging in developing a systematic understanding of these effort’s impact, and the factors associated with the success of nonprofit initiatives that support social entrepreneurs. This paper seeks to understand the nature of nonprofit organizations that …
Noise: A Flaw In Human Judgment. [Book Review], Michael Cohen
Noise: A Flaw In Human Judgment. [Book Review], Michael Cohen
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Contextualizing Performance Of Coordinated Care Network Of Veteran Services In Virginia, Marina Saitgalina, Donta Council
Contextualizing Performance Of Coordinated Care Network Of Veteran Services In Virginia, Marina Saitgalina, Donta Council
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
Coordinated care network is an approach to human service delivery that is recognized to improve client outcomes at a reduced cost. However, general mixed findings on the effectiveness of coordinated care networks warrant research contextualization. This article seeks to discover factors influencing the performance of a coordinated care network delivering social services to veterans and their families. The study provides a contextual analysis of a coordinated care network launched in 2016 in southeastern Virginia for two samples of 1,512 and 375 veterans and their families. Results of the regression analyses indicate that initial progress has been made both in efficiency …
Participatory Mapping, E-Participation, And E-Governance: Applications In Environmental Policy, Pragati Rawat, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf
Participatory Mapping, E-Participation, And E-Governance: Applications In Environmental Policy, Pragati Rawat, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
This chapter focuses on participatory mapping as an e-governance tool to facilitate public participation. Public participation is a key component of democratic governance, and there is a growing reliance on digital government tools such as the internet and social networking sites and geographic information systems (GIS). This chapter focuses on public engagement using information and communication technology, namely participatory mapping, known by a variety of terms such as participatory GIS (PGIS), public participation GIS (PPGIS), and voluntary GIS. While the analysis involves use of participatory mapping related to environmental issues, the chapter brings together seminal work from various fields of …
Organizational Determinants Of Political Involvement In Trade And Professional Membership Associations, Marina Saitgalina, Lisa A. Dicke, Patricia Birungi
Organizational Determinants Of Political Involvement In Trade And Professional Membership Associations, Marina Saitgalina, Lisa A. Dicke, Patricia Birungi
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
Trade and business associations and professional membership societies like many other political interest groups in the United States advocate and lobby their interests in the policy arena. Yet, we lack the understanding of how organizational capabilities shape different forms of political engagement in trade and professional associations. Research on the political involvement of tax-exempt organizations has been focused on charitable nonprofits. Studying the elements that underlie political action strategies and tactics of trade and professional associations would expand our understanding of political engagement in the nonprofit sector. In our sample of occupational mutual benefit associations, both resource dependence and institutional …
A Systematic Public Capital Management And Budgeting Process, Arwiphawee Srithongrung, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Kenneth A. Kritz
A Systematic Public Capital Management And Budgeting Process, Arwiphawee Srithongrung, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Kenneth A. Kritz
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
This chapter introduces the readers to a public capital management and budgeting process and its role in generating public infrastructure networks. The main purpose of the chapter is to describe the normative public capital management and budgeting practices that are recommended by the public finance literature. These normative practices are segregated into four main components: (1) long-term capital planning, (2) capital budgeting and financial management, (3) capital project execution and project management, and (4) infrastructure maintenance. Given that the literature recommends specific practices to maximize efficiency in public capital spending, the four main components, combined, are referred to as the …
Summary, Initial Observations, And Getting To A Tentative Theory Of Public Investment Behavior, Arwiphawee Srithongrung, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf
Summary, Initial Observations, And Getting To A Tentative Theory Of Public Investment Behavior, Arwiphawee Srithongrung, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
This chapter evaluates the 12 countries' capital management practices according to the systematic public capital management and budgeting process described in Chapter 1. The chapter characterizes and classifies the management practices of the twelve countries based on the authors' evaluation using the case study descriptions. The authors offer some initial observations based on comparisons across the case study countries and analysis of relationships between capital management and budgeting practices and political, economic, and public sector variables. The chapter proposes a tentative theory of public investment behavior and offers five propositions regarding the factors driving different practices across the case study …
The Arlington Way: Public Engagement As A Community Expectation, Ron Carlee
The Arlington Way: Public Engagement As A Community Expectation, Ron Carlee
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
(First Paragraph) Civic engagement had long been deeply embedded in the DNA of Arlington County, Virginia, by the time I began working there in 1980. This commitment to engagement came to be known as the “Arlington Way.”
Serving Others At The Expense Of Self: The Relationship Between Nonprofit Ceo Compensation And Performance In Trade And Professional Associations, Marina Saitgalina, Andrew A. Bennett, Christopher S. Reina, Joseph E. Coombs
Serving Others At The Expense Of Self: The Relationship Between Nonprofit Ceo Compensation And Performance In Trade And Professional Associations, Marina Saitgalina, Andrew A. Bennett, Christopher S. Reina, Joseph E. Coombs
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
This paper investigates the organizational importance of relative CEO compensation in trade associations and professional societies. It is known that there is variation in how much pay is tied to performance in different subcategories of nonprofit organizations. However, instead of looking at how performance affects pay, we investigate how CEO compensation affects organization performance when CEOs are aware of their peer compensation and are able to influence their own. We hypothesized that CEOs who knowingly earn less will be associated with both greater financial and nonfinancial organizational performance. This altruistic perspective draws on theories from leadership and psychology rather than …
Modelling Volunteer Retention In Professional Membership Associations Through Targeting Specific Motivations And Satisfying Certain Aspects Of Volunteer Experience, Marina Saitgalina
Modelling Volunteer Retention In Professional Membership Associations Through Targeting Specific Motivations And Satisfying Certain Aspects Of Volunteer Experience, Marina Saitgalina
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
Despite the abundance of the literature on volunteer motivation, satisfaction, retention, and the logical connection between the three concepts, the idea that certain types of motivation and satisfaction can sustain volunteer retention better than others has not been studied much. Furthermore, nonprofit research literature abounds with studies of charitable 501(c)(3) organizations, when far less is known about other kinds of nonprofits such as 501(c)(6) professional membership associations.
Budgeting By Priorities: Balancing Stability With Economic Responsiveness, Meagan M. Jordan, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Somayeh Hooshmand
Budgeting By Priorities: Balancing Stability With Economic Responsiveness, Meagan M. Jordan, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Somayeh Hooshmand
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
This article investigates how the budget priorities of Arkansas state government departments vary with changes in economic conditions. The Arkansas Revenue Stabilization Act (ARSA) of 1945 established a formalized method of state budgeting by priorities. State funds are allocated, meaning the funds are legally made available, according to priority levels established each year by the Governor and the General Assembly. Those allocated funds are later distributed, meaning released for spending, according to priority levels as funds become available. In this study, we ask the research question: Are departmental budget priorities driven by stability or are they responsive to economic condition? …
Accounting For Locational, Temporal, And Physical Similarity Of Residential Sales In Mass Appraisal Modeling: The Development And Application Of Geographically, Temporally, And Characteristically Weighted Regression, Paul E. Bidanset, Michael Mccord, John R. Lombard, Peadar Davis, William J. Mccluskey
Accounting For Locational, Temporal, And Physical Similarity Of Residential Sales In Mass Appraisal Modeling: The Development And Application Of Geographically, Temporally, And Characteristically Weighted Regression, Paul E. Bidanset, Michael Mccord, John R. Lombard, Peadar Davis, William J. Mccluskey
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
Geographically weighted regression (GWR) has been recognized in the assessment community as a viable automated valuation model (AVM) to help overcome, at least in part, modeling hurdles associated with location, such as spatial heterogeneity and spatial autocorrelation of error terms. Although previous researchers have adjusted the GWR weights matrix to also weight by time of sale or by structural similarity of properties in AVMs, the research described in this paper is the first that has done so by all three dimensions (i.e., location, structural similarity, and time of sale) simultaneously. Using 24 years of single-family residential sales in Fairfax, Virginia, …
What Citizens Want To Know About Their Government’S Finances: Closing The Information Gap, Meagan Jordan, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Martin Mayer, Kaitrin Mahar
What Citizens Want To Know About Their Government’S Finances: Closing The Information Gap, Meagan Jordan, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Martin Mayer, Kaitrin Mahar
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
There is an information gap between citizens and their governments when it comes to government finances. The inherent complexity of fiscal policy makes it exceedingly difficult for effective public participation. Effective public participation in fiscal decision making must address informing or educating the citizenry with accurate and meaningful government financial data. Better understanding citizen wants and perceptions is critical to closing the information gap between users and providers of financial information. This study uses information gathered from focus groups with residents of Norfolk, Virginia that asks what government financial information they want and how to make that information useful. Results …
Popular Financial Reports: Tools For Transparency, Accountability And Citizen Engagement, Juita-Elena Yusuf, Meagan M. Jordan
Popular Financial Reports: Tools For Transparency, Accountability And Citizen Engagement, Juita-Elena Yusuf, Meagan M. Jordan
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
Most governments issue annual financial reports; in the US, state and local governments issue the Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, or its equivalent. However, these reports have been found to be neither readily accessible nor particularly informative to non-financial experts such as the general public. In response, professional associations such as AGA, the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB), and the Government Financial Officers Association, have promoted the use of different types of popular financial reports as an alternative reporting mechanism. According to GASB, financial reporting plays a critical role as a tool for public accountability in a democratic society. Yet, various …
Gender Differences In The Use Of Assistance Programs, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf
Gender Differences In The Use Of Assistance Programs, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
The purpose of this paper is to examine differences in factors influencing use of entrepreneurial assistance programs by male and female entrepreneurs. Design/methodology/approach – Data from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics I are used to determine drivers of assistance program use by men and women using logistic regression. These drivers include size and composition of the start-up team and personal network, experiences of the entrepreneur, team and network; support provided by the team and network, and other factors. Findings – In total, 31 percent of female entrepreneurs and 24 percent of male entrepreneurs in the sample used entrepreneurial assistance …
Evaluating Spatial Model Accuracy In Mass Real Estate Appraisal: A Comparison Of Geographically Weighted Regression And The Spatial Lag Model, Paul E. Bidanset, John R. Lombard
Evaluating Spatial Model Accuracy In Mass Real Estate Appraisal: A Comparison Of Geographically Weighted Regression And The Spatial Lag Model, Paul E. Bidanset, John R. Lombard
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
Geographically weighted regression (GWR) has been shown to greatly increase the performance of ordinary least squares-based appraisal models, specifically regarding industry standard measurements of equity, namely the price-related differential and the coefficient of dispersion (COD; Borst and McCluskey, 2008; Lockwood and Rossini, 2011; McCluskey et al., 2013; Moore, 2009; Moore and Myers, 2010). Additional spatial regression models, such as spatial lag models (SLMs), have shown to improve multiple regression real estate models that suffer from spatial heterogeneity (Wilhelmsson, 2002). This research is performed using arms-length residential sales from 2010 to 2012 in Norfolk, Virginia, and compares the performance of GWR …
How Can Professional Membership Associations Provide Meaningful Value For Their Members?: Creating Models Of Affiliation And Engagement, Lisa A. Dicke, Marina Saitgalina
How Can Professional Membership Associations Provide Meaningful Value For Their Members?: Creating Models Of Affiliation And Engagement, Lisa A. Dicke, Marina Saitgalina
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
What do individual association members think about their association membership? What do they value and what do they want to see associations provide in the future? This case study uses face-to-face interviews and focus groups with 12 international Ph.D. students enrolled in a Public Administration and Management program at a major university in Texas to provide answers to these questions. The research offers an understanding of how people from diverse cultures view professional associations. The Ph.D. students were also asked about the importance of their association as a means for building ties and making connections with others, and about volunteering. …
The Effect Of Kernel And Bandwidth Specification In Geographically Weighted Regression Models On The Accuracy And Uniformity Of Mass Real Estate Appraisal, Paul E. Bidanset, John R. Lombard
The Effect Of Kernel And Bandwidth Specification In Geographically Weighted Regression Models On The Accuracy And Uniformity Of Mass Real Estate Appraisal, Paul E. Bidanset, John R. Lombard
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
The article presents a study which examines the performance of kernel and bandwidth specification in geographically weighted regression (GWR) models in mass real estate appraisal. The kernels employed in the study are the bi-square kernel and the Gaussian kernel. Data from the sales of single-family homes in Norfolk, Virginia from 2010 to 2012 are highlighted.
The Crisis In State Highway Finances: Its Roots, Current Effects, And Some Possible Remedies, Juita-Elena Yusuf, Lenahan O'Connell
The Crisis In State Highway Finances: Its Roots, Current Effects, And Some Possible Remedies, Juita-Elena Yusuf, Lenahan O'Connell
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
This paper focuses on the American states and the sources of the expanding structural imbalance between their highway-related revenues on the one hand and expenditures for transportation infrastructure needs on the other. The paper describes the roots of the funding problem over recent decades, looks at some of the responses taken at the state and federal level, and discusses their inherent limitations as solutions to this funding crisis. The paper also presents several policy recommendations for increasing revenues. We demonstrate that a variable rate gas tax indexed to the construction cost index and improvements in automobile fuel efficiency and a …
Political Economy Of Vietnam: Market Reform, Growth, And The State, Joshua M. Steinfeld, Khi V. Thai
Political Economy Of Vietnam: Market Reform, Growth, And The State, Joshua M. Steinfeld, Khi V. Thai
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Changing And/Or Funding Opeb Promises: A Typology Of Local Government Responses To Gasb 45 And The Realization Of Opeb Liabilities, Juita-Elena Yusuf, Thomas Musumeci
Changing And/Or Funding Opeb Promises: A Typology Of Local Government Responses To Gasb 45 And The Realization Of Opeb Liabilities, Juita-Elena Yusuf, Thomas Musumeci
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
GASB Statement No. 45 addresses how governmental units account for employees' other post-employment benefits (OPEB), requiring government employers to replace OPEB reporting on a pay-as-you-go basis with an accounting of the cost of current and future benefits. This requirement and the resulting OPEB liability may prompt government employers to reconsider key questions regarding their OPEB provision. The size of the OPEB liability depends on both the benefit promises made to employees and the assets to fund these promises. We propose a typology that defines four approaches for governments to respond to GASB 45 and their OPEB liabilities. These approaches represent …
Effective Popular Financial Reports: The Citizen Perspective, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Meagan M. Jordan
Effective Popular Financial Reports: The Citizen Perspective, Juita-Elena (Wie) Yusuf, Meagan M. Jordan
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
The article presents a study that investigates the views of citizens on the efficiency of financial reports in the U.S. Researchers did a survey to discern the perspectives of respondents about the effectiveness of the said reports in informing other individuals about government finances. Moreover, results reveal that 80% of respondents believed that the reports are effective. [Associates Programs Source, EbscoHost database]
How Effective Is The International Fuel Tax Agreement As A Multistate Tax Administration Model? A View From The States, Juita-Elena Yusuf, Lenahan O'Connell
How Effective Is The International Fuel Tax Agreement As A Multistate Tax Administration Model? A View From The States, Juita-Elena Yusuf, Lenahan O'Connell
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
The International Fuel Tax Agreement (IFTA) was established to reduce the complexities of reporting, allocating, and collecting diesel fuel taxes from interstate commercial carriers operating in multiple jurisdictions. This paper examines IFTA's effectiveness as a multistate tax administration model from the perspective of the states. We identify three criteria of effectiveness and use a survey of IFTA officials in the member states and provinces as well as additional data provided by IFTA, Inc to assess IFTA's effectiveness. We conclude that (1) IFTA promotes inter-jurisdictional cooperation and revenue transfers; (2) carriers do not locate disproportionately in low tax jurisdictions; and (3) …
More Than A One-Trick Pony: Exploring The Contours Of A Multi-Sector Covener, Madeleine W. Mcnamara, John C. Morris
More Than A One-Trick Pony: Exploring The Contours Of A Multi-Sector Covener, Madeleine W. Mcnamara, John C. Morris
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
Today's managers must find ways to identify and sustain productive relationships within multi-sector collaborative arrangements. This paper explores empirically the activities of a convener based on tasks identified by Agranoff and McGuire (2001) and applies this framework to the case of Virginia's Coastal Zone Management Program (VCZMP). We find that the convener displays characteristics described by Agranoff and McGuire, as well as characteristics of traditional hierarchical managers. This research suggests that both sets of skills are necessary for effective multi-sector collaborative governance.
Privatization In Theory And Practice: The Issues To Be Considered, Berhanu Mengistu, Yacob Hail-Mariam
Privatization In Theory And Practice: The Issues To Be Considered, Berhanu Mengistu, Yacob Hail-Mariam
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
The concept of privatization is fairly recent. This paper examines the different perspectives of the privatization literature, analyzes and assesses the proposed advantages and disadvantages of privatization as a strategy for providing public goods. The paper concludes by instilling a conceptual framework that should be considered before undertaking a privatization policy.
A Comparative Analysis Of The Determinants Of State Reproductive Healthcare Policies, Vivian W. Greentree, John C. Lombard, John C. Morris
A Comparative Analysis Of The Determinants Of State Reproductive Healthcare Policies, Vivian W. Greentree, John C. Lombard, John C. Morris
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
This paper is a state comparative analysis of the determinants of a state's policies towards reproductive healthcare. While much of the literature focuses solely on abortion, our analysis employs a more comprehensive measure of access to reproductive healthcare. Three explanations -- religious, socioeconomic, and political -- are tested to see which has the most significant impact on a state's likeliness to enact restrictive policies towards reproductive healthcare. We find that the political model is the best predictor of the level of state restrictiveness, and that the percent of women in the legislature is the most powerful variable. Combining the most …
Inter-State Economic Development- Powered By Utilities, John R. Lombard
Inter-State Economic Development- Powered By Utilities, John R. Lombard
School of Public Service Faculty Publications
In 2000, a group of state business recruiters from New England joined to promote New England to corporate real estate and site selection consultants at IDRC’s1 World Congress in New York City. At roughly the same time, the two metropolitan areas of Hartford, Conn., and Springfield, Mass., formed the Hartford-Springfield Economic Partnership (HSEP). These informal ventures that cross state borders represent coalitions of business, academic, political and policy leaders working together to foster the combined regions’ economic well-being.