Business Commons^™

Hong Kong Business Through Countertrade : Past, Present And Future, Henry C. Steele

Hong Kong Institute of Business Studies Working Paper Series

The Hong Kong economy is dependent on external trade which is growing as governments have become more positive towards promoting unrestricted multilateral trade. It is paradoxical that barter and countertrade, forms of trade predating the use of money and trade finance continue to grow in importance. The paper examines the role of countertrade in Hong Kong's foreign trade, offering a contextual background to propose that countertrade has been an important element in the development of international trade and investment.

Available evidence is considered, the implications are discussed and a number of propositions made. There is a need for empirical research …

Private Businesses In China : Emerging Environment And Managerial Behavior, Kong Wing, Clement Chow, Chung Ming Lau, Hang Yue Ngo

Hong Kong Institute of Business Studies Working Paper Series

This paper reviews the development and contribution of private businesses to the Chinese economy. The political and market environment are analyzed to picture the current position of private businesses in the national economy. Major characteristics of private businesses and their owners are presented through three survey results conducted in different periods. Managerial implications, in terms of macro environment, competition, resources, management structure and governance, and leadership and human resources are discussed.

Profitability, Ownership Structure And Technical Efficiency Of Enterprises In P.R. China : A Case Of Manufacturing Industries In Shanghai, Kong Wing, Clement Chow, Ka Yiu, Michael Fung, Kai Hong, Ken Wan

Hong Kong Institute of Business Studies Working Paper Series

This paper studies the relationship between accounting profits and technical efficiency of manufacturing enterprises in Shanghai during the period of 1989-1992 and examines which factors affect the profitability of manufacturing enterprises. We first estimate the average technical efficiency of four major manufacturing industries in Shanghai. Then, we test for the presence of ownership effects of technical efficiency on profits of those enterprises in these four industries.

從公有到私有企業 : 中國勞資關係的轉型, Kwok Keung Chow

Hong Kong Institute of Business Studies Working Paper Series

本文剖析國內官方勞動關係的傳統觀念，好像工人當家、罷工是極左思想等，如何在改革開放下出現本質的變化，相應地令勞動力市場也同時開放，亦令私有企業得以發展，也就令勞動關係出現轉型的現象，並進一步帶動了九十年代的《工會法》、《勞動法》等用作調整新勞動關係的法律相繼出台。為此，本文建議當局須從工會的運作和職能的重新確認上、勞動立法的擴展上、集體協約的建立上，以及勞動爭議的處理手法上等四方面來加以應付。

Eastern Traditional Business Values : Mercantile Patron Gods In Hong Kong = 東方傳統企業價值 : 香港的行業神崇拜, Kwok Keung Chow

Hong Kong Institute of Business Studies Working Paper Series

During the past decade there has been an increasing recognition in business organizations of the importance of establishing their organizational culture in Hong Kong. Executives and managers want to know how to manage organizational culture for achieving excellence in performance but they always ignored some important functions played by the worship of mercantile patron gods. This paper represents the culminated review of a series of case studies based on many interviews with some traditional guilds, trades and organizations in Hong Kong on their worship practice of their mercantile patron gods from a variable perspective of organizational culture. It acknowledges that …

Tqm In The Construction Industry In Hong Kong : A Supply Chain Management Perspective, Shiu Ho, Alfred Wong

Hong Kong Institute of Business Studies Working Paper Series

TQM is increasingly being adopted by construction companies as initiatives to solve quality problems in the construction industry and to meet the needs of the final customer. However, TQM should incorporate the integrated quality management activities of members in the supply chain. This supply chain context is especially salient in the qua1ity assurance of construction projects as a general contractor often out-sources most of the construction work to other members in the supply chain i.e. its suppliers and subcontractors. Therefore, this paper aims to delineate the supply chain management issues in total quality for construction projects. Through the use of …

Measuring The Technological Leadership Of International Joint Ventures In A Transforming Economy, Kong Wing, Clement Chow, Ka Yiu, Michael Fung

Hong Kong Institute of Business Studies Working Paper Series

This paper introduces technical efficiency as an objective criterion for measuring the performance of international joint ventures in China. We compute the estimates of time-invariant and time-varying technical efficiency in four major manufacturing industries in Shanghai. We show that international joint ventures are in general more technically efficient than domestic firms in the industries of textile, machinery and equipment, and electronics and telecommunications equipment are widening in our sample period although the industrial reforms and active technology policies have improved the productivity of domestic firms. However, in the clothing industry, the technical efficiency of domestic firms, especially state-owned firms, is …

Profitability And Technical Efficiency : A Performance Evaluation Of International Joint Ventures In Shanghai's Manufacturing Industries, Kong Wing, Clement Chow, Ka Yiu, Michael Fung

Hong Kong Institute of Business Studies Working Paper Series

This paper studies the relationship between accounting profits and efficiency of manufacturing enterprises in Shanghai during the period of 1989-1992 and examines which factors affect the profitability of manufacturing enterprises. In 1990, the industrial reform was sped up, a Chow test is used to test for the presence of any structural break and our empirical test confirms its presence. In addition, this paper also tests for the presence of ownership effects on profits. Our results indicate that the profits of international joint ventures are more persistent than the rest of ownership types and industries.