Business Commons^™

Assessing Iso 14000 Adoption: Towards A Model Of Acceptance, Frank L. Montabon, Roger J. Calantone, Steven A. Melnyk, Robert Sroufe, Sime Curkovic

Frank L. Montabon

The ISO 14000 certification standard is a relatively new development. Based on the highly successful 1S0 9000 certification standard in quality, 1S0 14000 is oriented towards environmental performance. Since its release, the IS0 14000 standard has generated a great deal of discussion. Its rate of acceptance has not mirrored the rate previously observed for the 1S0 9000 standards. In the United States, some fm have announced that they have no interest in being ISO 14000 certified, while others have committed themselves to this standard, To resolve the apparent paradox, this paper attempts to identify the determinants of 1S0 14000 adoption, …

Environmentally Responsible Manufacturing: The Development And Validation Of A Measurement Model, Sime Curkovic, Robert B. Handfield, Steven A. Melnyk, Frank L. Montabon, Robert Sroufe

Frank L. Montabon

Since the concept of Environmentally Responsible Manufacturing (ERM) is relatively new, it is not surprising to note the lack of theory-based, empirically-validated constructs and measures. Such constructs and measures are critical to the development and growth of rigorous research in this area. This paper develops and assesses such constructs and measures. Drawn from an exhaustive review of both the quality and ERM-related fields, this study uses the constructs and measures drawn from the Total Quality Management area to develop ERM-related constructs and measures. These are then evaluated using data from a survey of 526 plant managers in the U.S. automotive …

The New Product Design Process And Environmentally Conscious Manufacturing: "Crossing The Chasm" And Other Obstacles, Robert Sroufe, Frank L. Montabon, Steven A. Melnyk, Sime Curkovic

Frank L. Montabon

This paper reports the results of a field study based project focusing on the new product design process within 11 American manufacturing fins. The findings reported indicate that the users exhibit strong differences. The users can be categorized into one of five major groups: innovators, early adopters, early majority, late majority and laggards. These groups strongly parallel the model of new product acceptance initially developed in the computer industry, as presented by Moore (1991). Of interest is the gap that exists between the early adopters and early majority users. This gap forms a chasm. Those factors that account for acceptance …

A Prototype Model Of A Group Home Personnel Policy (Expanded Master's Degree Thesis, An Ache Fellow Project), John C. Griffith

John Griffith

Efficient Relocation Of Spectrum Incumbents, Peter Cramton, Evan Kwerel, John Williams

Peter Cramton

Changes in technologies and in consumer demands have made prior radio spectrum allocations far from efficient. To address this problem the FCC has recently reallocated spectrum for more flexible use in bands that are partially occupied by incumbent license holders. Often, it is necessary for the new license holder to relocate incumbents to make efficient use of the spectrum. Regulations structuring the negotiation between incumbent and new entrant can promote efficiency. In particular, giving the new entrant the right to move the incumbent with compensation can reduce negotiation costs and promote efficiency when there is private information about spectrum values …

Affidavit Of Peter Cramton, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

Reply to comments on review of rules. For ISO New England.

The Efficiency Of The Fcc Spectrum Auctions, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

From July 1994 to July 1996, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) conducted nine spectrum auctions, raising about $20 billion for the U.S. Treasury. The auctions assigned thousands of licenses to hundreds of firms. Were the auctions efficient? Did they award the licenses to the firms best able to turn the spectrum into valuable services for consumers? There is substantial evidence that the FCC's simultaneous ascending auction worked well. It raised large revenues. It revealed critical information in the process of bidding and gave bidders the flexibility to adjust strategies in response to new information. As a result, similar licenses sold …

Efficient Relocation Of Spectrum Incumbents, Peter Cramton, Evan Kwerel, John Williams

Peter Cramton

Changes in technologies and in consumer demands have made prior radio spectrum allocations far from efficient. To address this problem the FCC has recently reallocated spectrum for more flexible use in bands that are partially occupied by incumbent license holders. Often, it is necessary for the new license holder to relocate incumbents to make efficient use of the spectrum. Regulations structuring the negotiation between incumbent and new entrant can promote efficiency. In particular, giving the new entrant the right to move the incumbent with compensation can reduce negotiation costs and promote efficiency when there is private information about spectrum values …

Institutionalism: Intergovernmental Exchange, Administration-Centered Behavior, And Policy Outcomes In Urban Agencies, Herman L. Boschken

Herman L. Boschken

This article inquires about the sufficiency of institutional exchange theory in explaining the impacts of intergovernmental power structure on agency policy making. Based on rational behavior, transactional exchange, and game playing, this so called new institutionalism points to the degree of autonomy held by an agency in its collaboration with other government jurisdictions as a principal determinant of a patterned bias in agency policy outcomes. The author first summarizes theory arguments and derives hypotheses about agency outcomes that are skewed to favor some interests over others. He then reports results of a multiple regression analysis of a sample of forty-two …

An Effective Investment: Teaching Study Skills To Usaf Allied Health Professionals Prior To Extended Training, John C. Griffith

John Griffith

In the school of Aerospace Medicine, the average cost to train one student in the three month Aeromedical Apprentice course in 1998 was $12,500. In this course, students are trained to become medical technicians who are able to effectively support Air Force Flight Surgeons in emergency situations. Students who failed the course of study were eliminated from the program at a cost of thousands of taxpayer dollars with no realized gain by the government or the student. A recent study examined the effects of a study skills training intervention course on U.S. Air Force Aeromedical Apprentices with five main purposes. …

Europeanisering Van Het Benelux Merkenrecht (In: Opstellen Aangeboden Aan Theo Bremer), Severin De Wit

Severin de Wit

No abstract provided.

Accelerated Sap: 4 Case Studies, Ralph Dolmetsch, Thomas Huber, Elgar Fleisch, Hubert Oesterle

Hubert Oesterle

No abstract provided.

A Review Of Iso New England's Proposed Market Rules, Peter Cramton, Robert Wilson

Peter Cramton

For ISO New England.

A Review Of Iso New England's Proposed Market Rules, Peter Cramton, Robert Wilson

Peter Cramton

This report reviews the proposed rules for restructured wholesale electricity markets in New England. We review the market rules, both individually and collectively, and identify potential problems that might limit the efficiency of these markets. We examine alternatives and identify the key tradeoffs among alternative designs. We believe that the wholesale electricity market in New England can begin on December 1, 1998. However, improvements are needed for long-run success. We have identified four major recommendations:

* Switch to a multi-settlement system.

* Introduce demand-side bidding.

* Adopt location-based transmission congestion pricing, especially for the import/export interfaces.

* Fix the pricing …

The Unscientific Perspective Of The Tobacco Industry Research Committee [1954], Richard W. Pollay

Richard W. Pollay

No abstract provided.

Technology On The Factory Floor Iii: Technology Use And Training In Us Manufacturing Firms, Paul Swamidass

Paul Swamidass

This is the third issue of the Technology on the Factory Floor series. The study was sponsored by the Manufacturing Institute and the National Science Foundation. Data for this study of manufacturing technology use was collected from 1,025 manufacturing plant managers during 1997 using a modified survey questionnaire originally used in the 1993 study.

The findings were: Since the 1993 study, inventory turnover increased, rejection and rework reduced, and cycle time and manufacturing costs decreased; overall, there was measurable improvement in manufacturing since 1993. Other findings were: larger plants use technologies more extensively than smaller plants; exporters use more manufacturing …

Customer Profitability: The Approach Counts, Mark E. Pickering

Mark E Pickering

This article looks at alternative approaches to calculating customer profitability. It recommends a customer-focussed approach that takes into account the specific resources utilised to service each customer segment. In using customer profitability to make strategic and operational decisions it is vital that only costs relevant to those decisions are utilised.

Theology For The Beach, Vaughan S. Roberts

Vaughan S Roberts

A Bird's Eye View Of Authority Control In Cataloging, Karen S. Calhoun

Karen S Calhoun

In this invited paper for an NSF-funded workshop for the systematics and library communities, Calhoun relates the story of cooperative authority control in libraries, drawing parallels to the problem domain of the systematics community and biological information managers. She describes what made community-wide authority control possible in libraries; offers a high-level view of how it works from systems and practitioner perspectives; and assesses the limitations, prospects and challenges for the current authority control framework in libraries.

Ascending Auctions, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

A key question of auction design is whether to use an ascending-bid or a sealed-bid format. The critical distinction between formats is that an ascending auction provides the bidders with information through the process of bidding. This information is a two-edged sword. It may stimulate competition by creating a reliable process of price discovery, by reducing the winner’s curse, and by allowing efficient aggregations of items. Alternatively, the information may be used by bidders to establish and enforce collusive outcomes. Ex ante asymmetries and weak competition favor a sealed-bid design. In other cases, an ascending auction is likely to perform …

Global Shift In Container Traffic And Its Implications For Economic Development Along The American Land Bridge, Herman L. Boschken

Herman L. Boschken

Since the “container revolution” in the 1970s, seaports on the Pacific Coast have been the engines of economic development, regionally, nationally and globally. But circumstances continue to change that threaten the long-term viability of the intermodal “land bridge” system that emerged from that revolution. These circumstances include railroads not maintaining rail lines critical to transcontinental container traffic and the shift in the locus of global production that raises the question of obsolescence for the existing infrastructure moving trade West to East from the Pacific Rim. The implications are enormous, especially for policy makers at the regional and local levels as …

Simultaneous Ascending Auctions With Package Bidding, Peter Cramton, John Mcmillan, Paul Milgrom, Bradley Miller, Bridger Mitchell, Daniel Vincent, Robert Wilson

Peter Cramton

An effective package bidding mechanism addresses three problems: the exposure problem (the risks a bidder faces in trying to construct an efficiently large combination of licenses), the free-rider problem (the difficulties small bidders have in beating those who bid for larger packages of licenses), and the computational complexity problem (which arises from the fact that the number of possible combinations of licenses is much larger than the number of licenses). Package bidding offers the possibility of an improvement over individual-license bidding only when there are strong complementarities and the pattern of those complementarities varies across bidders. Package bidding works satisfactorily …

Auctioning Securities, Peter Cramton, Lawrence M. Ausubel

Peter Cramton

Treasury debt and other divisible securities are traditionally sold in either a pay-your-bid (discriminatory) auction or a uniform-price auction. We compare these auction formats with a Vickrey auction and also with two ascending-bid auctions. The Vickrey auction and the alternative ascending-bid auction (Ausubel 1996) have important theoretical advantages for sellers. In a setting without private information, these auctions achieve the maximal revenue as a unique equilibrium in dominant strategies. In contrast, the pay-your-bid, uniform-price, and standard ascending-bid auction admit a multiplicity of equilibria that yield low revenues for the seller. We show how these results extend to a setting where …

The Limits Of Charity Fiduciary Law, Evelyn Brody

Evelyn Brody

Trustees of charitable trusts and directors of nonprofit corporations operate under legal regimes designed for their for-profit cousins. In the absence of private beneficiaries or shareholders to look after their own interests, however, charity fiduciaries frequently escape accountability for their self-dealing and neglect or mismanagement. Few charities have members endowed with voting rights, and state attorneys general have limited resources to devote to monitoring the nonprofit sector. Similarly, at the federal level, the Internal Revenue Service is a tax collector, not a policing agency (although its new powers to tax excess benefits will undoubtedly draw it further into charity operations). …

Personal And Corporate Transformations Through Self-Renewal, Gloria Gordon Phd

Gloria Gordon PhD

In this paper I argue for deep-structure ‘life inquiry’ management learning through sharing the dynamic five process model for individual transformation conceptualised as I sought to transform my own professional and life perspectives. The model is offered both as a guide and an example of how to engage in the deep-structure learning required to achieve the type of personal and professional transformations which contribute to corporate learning, transformations and ultimately self-renewal. I draw on my own learning experience to show how a clarified sense of purpose and vision, raised awareness of personal and social responsibilities, enhanced creativity and the realisation …

Bah, Humbug!, Richard W. Pollay

Richard W. Pollay

No abstract provided.

Enhancing Organizational Goal Congruence: A Solution To Organizational Politics

L. A. Witt

No abstract provided.

Where The Safety Rubber Meets The Shop Floor: A Confirmatory Model Of Management Influence On Workplace Safety

L. A. Witt

No abstract provided.

Some Effects Of 8- Vs. 10-Hour Work Schedules On The Test Performance/Alertness Of Air Traffic Control Specialists

L. A. Witt

No abstract provided.

Άσκηση Άθληση Κινητική Αναψυχή Οργανωτική Διάσταση, Yanni D. Afthinos

Yanni D Afthinos

No abstract provided.