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Terrorism, Tourism And Religious Travellers, Ayesha Chowdhury, Razaq Raj, Kevin Griffin, Alan Clarke
Terrorism, Tourism And Religious Travellers, Ayesha Chowdhury, Razaq Raj, Kevin Griffin, Alan Clarke
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
Curiously, while tourism is cited as the world’s largest industry (UNWTO, 2016), it is simultaneously a fragile industry that is highly vulnerable to the impact of the ongoing threat of terrorism. Internationally, terrorism influences the tourist mind-set in a number of ways, in particular it creates fear for travellers and causes economic and social impacts to change the behaviour of people and dissuade them from visiting certain places in the world. Thus, the impact of terrorism has caused tremendous damage to the travel industry. A number of countries which previously depended quite heavily on the tourism industry are suffering in …
The Effects Of Terrorism On The Travel And Tourism Industry, David Mc. A Baker
The Effects Of Terrorism On The Travel And Tourism Industry, David Mc. A Baker
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
The impact of terrorism on the travel and tourism industry can be enormous. It can lead to unemployment, homelessness, deflation, and many other social and economic ills. The contribution of tourism for many countries is so great that any downturn in the industry is a cause of major concern for many governments. The repercussions are left in many other industries associated with tourism like airlines, hotels, restaurants and shops that cater to the tourists and allied services. Terrorism is an enigmatic and compelling phenomenon, and its relationship with tourism is complex and multifaceted. This paper aims to clarify this relationship …
Security Guards And Counter-Terrorism: Tourism And Gaps In Terrorism Prevention, Luke Howie
Security Guards And Counter-Terrorism: Tourism And Gaps In Terrorism Prevention, Luke Howie
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
Organisation operating in the tourism industry are high priority targets for terrorists. In the aftermath of the 9/11 attacks tourism destinations, hotels and modes of public transportation have regularly been targeted by terrorists seeking to convey their violent message. As such, leaders and managers in the tourism industry carefully plan their security and counter-terrorism responses, often involving the hiring of security guards. It is here that I believe a significant gap in counter-terrorism preparedness exists. I argue that protecting tourism destinations is only possible if consideration is given the effectiveness of security guards and understanding that their well-being will impact …
Lessons Learnt From The Westgate Shopping Mall Terrorist Attack In Nairobi, Kenya: Involving The Meetings, Incentives, Conferences And Exhibitions Sector In Crisis Communications, Ashley Schroeder, Lori Pennington-Gray, Kelly Bricker
Lessons Learnt From The Westgate Shopping Mall Terrorist Attack In Nairobi, Kenya: Involving The Meetings, Incentives, Conferences And Exhibitions Sector In Crisis Communications, Ashley Schroeder, Lori Pennington-Gray, Kelly Bricker
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
The terrorist attacks in Nairobi Kenya have been widely disseminated by the world media, thus, affecting the long-term interests of stakeholders. The tourism industry is made up of a vast number of these stakeholders, with the operating sector alone including the accommodation, tourism services, transportation, entertainment, food services, adventure and outdoor recreation, attractions, meetings, incentive, conventions, and exhibitions (MICE), and travel trade sectors. Within each operating sector, there is also a variety of different stakeholders in various segments and organisations. The purpose of this manuscript is to examine tourism crisis communications surrounding the Westgate Shopping Mall attacks in Kenya. The …
Tourism And Terror: A Case Study: Israel 1948-2012, Erik H. Cohen
Tourism And Terror: A Case Study: Israel 1948-2012, Erik H. Cohen
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
Israel is a popular tourist destination which has by afflicted by varying levels of terrorism against civilians over the course of its history. A longitudinal analysis of data pertaining to tourism and terrorism is undertaken to examine how terrorism affects patterns of tourism. It is found that on the macro-level, tourism to Israel continues to grow although it experiences periodic declines corresponding with times of high terrorist activity. National and religious subpopulations of tourists react differently terrorism at the destination. Overall, Jews are proportionally more likely than non-Jews to continue to visit Israel during times of conflict, but this varies …
Terrorism, Tourism And Worker Unions: The Disciplinary Boundaries Of Fear, Maximiliano E. Korstanje, Geoffrey Skoll, Freddy Timmermann
Terrorism, Tourism And Worker Unions: The Disciplinary Boundaries Of Fear, Maximiliano E. Korstanje, Geoffrey Skoll, Freddy Timmermann
International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage
When the world seems poised on the brink of a never ending cycle of terrorism, the present paper polemically explores some of its historical roots. The first anarcho-terrorists in 19th century, fought to improve the working conditions of people. Some of them used violent tools, hosting civilians as targets. Others, convinced by the futility of their efforts to change the order, opted for organizing workers in factories. It is widely accepted that tourism came from the social, political, technological developments in the nineteenth century. We compare terrorist attacks with workers’ strikes, because they come from the same developments. We …