Business Commons^™

Finchain: Adaptation Of Blockchain Technology In Finance And Business - An Ethical Analysis Of Applications, Challenges, Issues And Solutions, Naresh Kshetri, Keith Miller, Gaurango Banerjee, Bikesh Raj Upreti

International Journal of Emerging and Disruptive Innovation in Education : VISIONARIUM

Blockchain Technology is a distributed database technology that has emerged as a ground-breaking technology with several possible solutions to critical applications, say from supply chain management, agribusiness, marketing to healthcare industry including internet of medical things. Although it started as a digital coin (popularly known as bitcoin), it is slowly influencing business, marketing policy and society. We have presented an in-depth study and ethical analysis of how blockchain is applied over the economic and financial sector including banks, credit unions and other retail giants. During our research, we have also investigated how blockchain technology can affect financial institutions around the …

Using Foundation Capital For Good: Opportunities In The Balance Sheet, John Sherman, Veronica Olazabal

The Foundation Review

Foundations increasingly use their full balance sheets to unlock more of their capital for good. They look beyond conventional grantmaking to pursue their charitable purposes in many ways that exemplify innovative, full-balance sheet approaches: investing in nonprofit and for-profit companies that offer clear social and financial returns; investing their corpus in companies whose products and services align with their missions; using social bonds to inject new resources into their programs; offering guarantees to help grantees manage risk; and avoiding companies whose practices run counter to their grantees’ efforts.

This article looks at the structures, pathways, and tools for foundations wanting …

Cognitive Biases Of Trained Finance Professionals In India: An Exploratory Analysis, Labanya Prakash Jena

Management Dynamics

Cognitive biases among trained financial professionals may lead to mismanagement of investment decision-making or inadequate utilization of resources. Not many studies in this domain are available in the Indian context. The objective of the study is to find out the main cognitive biases among finance professionals in India. Using my diverse professional online networks, 162 trained finance professionals’ survey responses are gathered for this study. I used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method since it is suitable for this study. The PCA method allows to find out the critical group of factors incorporated in the questionnaire and derive the significant factors …

Support New Business To Solve Old Problems With Kentucky’S Keystone Waste From Bourbon & Brewing, Samuel C. Kessler

Commonwealth Policy Papers

Provided here is a policy solution from the backside of Kentucky bourbon and brewing to upcycle Kentucky’s “keystone” wastes and grow businesses in the process. Potential effects range from removing the bottleneck on bourbon production and producing GHG-friendly biogas to lowering the price of milk.This full whitepaper brief provides an incentive model for keystone wastes which have a provider and a use. It is equally applicable for policymakers or advocates wishing to place a policy incentive behind waste-to-product upcycling, businesses involved with methane sequestration & renewable biogas energy, and shifting regulatory and penalizing models of pollution into incentive model for …

The Financial Implications Of The Chinese Healthcare System, Lilly Schneider, Chi Hung Kenneth Leung

DU Undergraduate Research Journal Archive

In 1949 one of the world’s most powerful and influential countries was born: The People’s Republic of China. Perhaps the greatest challenge the country has consistently faced since its inception has been ensuring a fiscally sound healthcare system. Today, China has the world’s largest population and a rapidly aging society with 330 million citizens over the age of 65 projected by 2050- nearly the same size as the total U.S. population. Living standards across China have been drastically increasing in recent decades and the Chinese people are desiring better, higher quality healthcare to complement their new lifestyles. With this desire …

Contemporary Investment Strategies And Comparison Applications Of Bitcoin, William Gregg Vi, Thanh Nguyen

University of South Carolina Upstate Student Research Journal

Bitcoin is an effective component to any investor's portfolio. The purpose of this research paper was to study the capabilities Bitcoin has to investors and anyone interested in learning more about cryptocurrencies. What are the strategic applications of Bitcoin and why should it be used over other types of assets? Bitcoin offers diversification capabilities to commodities, equities, bonds, the U.S. dollar, and most stock market indices. It can offer hedging capabilities against the U.S. dollar, Ethereum, stock market indices, and commodity uncertainty. The Financial Times Stock Exchange 100 (FTSE100) is an example of an index that Bitcoin can hedge against. …

Investing In A Green Future: Universities And Renewable Energy, Tommy Kimmell, Philip Kimmell, Matthew Sorensen, Cameron Ruggiero, Ben Coit

Bryant University Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies

This paper explains how the implementation of renewable energy is a favorable energy choice and explores the growing trend of investing in a green economy. The report begins by providing some context as to what renewable energy is and explains why it is a favorable energy choice. The first section outlines the energy industry and deciphers between the two forms of energy currently making up the sector. Breaking up the industry into two separate sectors, being renewable energy and nonrenewable energy, provides an understanding on which form is currently dominating the market. Moreover, the outline describes the concept of investing …

Signalling Expertise In Sport Entrepreneurship: A Mixed-Methods Approach Using Topic Modeling And Thematic Analysis, Ted Hayduk, Brianna Newland

Journal of Applied Sport Management

Despite the recent importance of technological entrepreneurship to sport business, very little is known about the entrepreneurs who are actively defining this new landscape. And, given that effective communication is essential to a thriving entrepreneurship ecosystem, it is important for investors to understand who sport entrepreneurs are and how they position themselves to the world. This will help create a sport business landscape that is receptive to new technologies and supportive of the entrepreneurs who champion them. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to illuminate how sport entrepreneurs communicate with potential investors. To do so, the paper employs a …

How Do Interest Rates Affect Market Capitalization Growth Rates In The Us?, Philip Carolin

Undergraduate Economic Review

This paper investigates how interest rates affect the market capitalization growth rate of individual companies in the US. The research will distinguish itself from previous literature as it analyzes company and macroeconomic data after the 2008 recession. This is particularly interesting as interest rates have been historically low in this time period. Previous research suggests that since the Great Recession the effects of interest rate changes have decreased. On the contrary I will argue that the effects of interest rates still appear to be significant and substantial when explaining the market capitalization growth rate.

To Charge Or Not To Charge: Examining Stakeholder Perceptions Of Nonrevenue Sports Ticketing Policies, Peyton Stensland, Jordan Bass

Journal of Applied Sport Management

All across college campuses, dozens of intercollegiate sports teams compete each year. It is assumed that attendance will vary across these sports for a number of factors. However, the impact of one organizationally controlled factor (choosing to ticket the event or not) has not been explored in the literature. In this study, the authors examined the ticketing practices of intercollegiate athletics departments. A qualitative interview approach was utilized to explore the importance and implications of ticketing practices of intercollegiate athletics departments. Terms such as reputation, legitimacy, and value were used to describe the reasoning behind whether or not to charge …

A Holistic Performance Assessment Of English Premier League Football Clubs 1992–2013, Daniel Plumley, Robert Wilson, Simon Shibli

Journal of Applied Sport Management

This paper devises and tests a statistical model (the PAM) to measure the financial and sporting performance of professional football clubs. The PAM has been applied to a longitudinal data set of English football clubs (21 clubs between 1992–2013) to identify trends in performance. The results show that a small number of clubs have created an imbalance within English football and that there has been evidence of a “financial crisis” at individual clubs. For the majority of clubs, overall performance appears to vary over time in cycles. In addition to measuring holistic performance of professional football clubs in England, the …

Macroeconomic Stability And The Role Of Financial Institutions In Promoting Financial Inclusion In Nigeria, Mbutor O. Mbutor, Ibrahim A. Uba

Bullion

This article discusses the role of financial institutions in promoting financial inclusion in Nigeria as well as its macroeconomic stability. Positive growth of the economy is prerequisite for financial inclusion but the stability of the economy is sine qua non for economic growth. Therefore, the discussion of financial inclusion is best served when enclosed in the framework of the extent to which the economy is stable. The article further highlights financial inclusion and its related concepts and the role of financial institutions in promoting financial inclusion.

Three Interventions For Financial Therapy: Fostering An Examination Of Financial Behaviors And Beliefs, Rebekah J. Nelson, Thomas E. Smith, Victoria M. Shelton, Kristin V. Richards

Journal of Financial Therapy

Three interventions that address the emotional components of handling finances are proposed. Drawn from a stepwise model of financial therapy, the three interventions introduced here have the specific aim of incorporating the emotional attributes of traditional financial behaviors and beliefs. First, the Financial Genogram identifies family of origin issues that may affect financial behaviors; second, the Financial Landscape intervention is used when emotional stress occurs in collecting and examining financial documents; and third, the Financial Mirror broadens clients’ perspectives of their financial behaviors. Issues in future research and implementation of the Five Step model are addressed in treating financially distressed …

A Closer Look At The Impact Of Quantitative Easing On The Capital Markets: Garch Analysis Of The Exchange Traded Funds Market, Nicholas R. Duafala

Undergraduate Economic Review

This paper analyzes the effects of quantitative easing (QE) on the capital markets by modeling exchange traded funds (ETFs) returns using a generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) methodology. The results show that the 10-Year Treasury yields are significant in the returns of some sectors of the economy more so than others, and the Federal Funds Futures trading volume is significant in all ETFs return volatility. The implications of these results not only provide information about the reaction of the ETF market and QE, but also provide insight for developing investment strategies.

Effect Of Deposit Money Banks' Credit On The Performance Of Micro, Small And Medium Enterprises In Nigeria, G. O. Evbuomwan, V. O. Okoruwa, A. E. Ikpi

Economic and Financial Review

This paper set out to empirically evaluate the effect of deposit money banks' credit on the performance of MSMEs in Nigeria, with the aid of a vector autoregression and error correction mechanism (ECM) technique. Results of the empirical investigation confirmed credit had a positive effect on GDP of MSMEs in Nigeria as the coefficient of CAM (credit to MSMEs) was positive (1.0569) and significant at 1.0 per cent level. It was, therefore, recommended that every effort should be made to improve access to credit by MSMEs, so that they could play their potential roles of employment generation and wealth creation …

Critique Of Microcredit As A Development Model, Grace Levin

Pursuit - The Journal of Undergraduate Research at The University of Tennessee

The field of microcredit (otherwise known as microfinance, microlending, or microcapital) has expanded rapidly since the 1980s as an economic means of lifting people out of poverty. Generally, microcredit has been accepted as an effective method for empowering both individuals and communities. In recent years, however, critics have brought to light some of the problems associated with microlending, such as the complex socioeconomic factors that can cause loan programs to fail. These problems stem from the basic tenet of microfinance: the need for lending programs to be managed locally in order to understand the needs of a community and assess …

Financing Nigeria's Growth After The Global Economic Crisis Within The Perspective Of Vision 20:2020 And The Transformation Agenda, Babatunde Lawal

Economic and Financial Review

The paper adopts content analysis method to investigate the underlying assumptions of the pillar of growth within the framework of Nigeria Vision 20:2020 (NV20:2020) and the transformation agenda. The aim is to show how realistic the underlying assumptions are and whether or not the available structure/measures of the financial system would be sufficient to finance the Vision. The conclusion is that the present Transformation Agenda and indeed the Medium-Term Implementation Plans adequately provide for the financing of NV20:2020 if the provisions of the documents are strictly adhered to.

Diaspora Bonds: A Viable Source Of External Financing For Nigeria?, Omolara O. Duke

Bullion

The paper examines the need for external funding, arises from the inadequacy of domestic sources of funds to meet supply gaps and balance of payments (BOP) challenges and the potentials of Nigeria sourcing external financing through the issuance of Diaspora bonds. Following this introduction, Section ll reviews conceptual and empirical literature as well as country experiences on Diaspora bonds issuance. Section lll, discusses the bond market in Nigeria. ln Section lV. the prospects and challenges of issuing Diaspora bonds in Nigeria were highlighted. Section V concludes the paper.

International Financial Reporting Standards: A Cautionary Note For Emerging Economies, Khursheed Omer, Darshan Wadhwa

Business Review

Long before the present economic crisis unfolded, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) had been working to achieve harmonization in accounting and financial reporting standards across the globe. Now that the world economic community has become more integrated, cross border flow of capital has gained unprecedented momentum and steps are underway to achieve this goal as early as possible. Initial efforts to harmonize local accounting principles and practices with those followed in developed economies were generally aimed at facilitating foreign multinationals operating in other countries. The desired goal of harmonization now ought to …

Nigerian Stock Market Reflection Of The Global Finance Crisis: An Evaluation, Sere- Ejembi A. A.

Bullion

With its roots in banking, the sub-prime mortgage crisis that commenced in the United States in 2007 soon resonated in other sectors of its financial system, and the economy, at large. It spread quickly to the developed economies in Europe, including the United Kingdom, and Asia. In the case of the Nigerian stock market, following initial relative insulation, the speed of contagion and response was comparatively slower. However, the effects began to manifest in the first quarter of 2008. The objective of this paper, therefore, is to review the global financial crisis, in the context of its recent effects on …

Club Ratios: A Four-Year Trend Analysis, Agnes L. Defranco, Raymond S. Schmidgall

Hospitality Review

This article is based on research of the United States club industry conducted over the four-year period of 2003-2006. Twenty ratios were reported, covering the five general classes of financial ratios. The ratio results suggested that 2003 was a banner year for the club industry.

Jessica Burley On The Poor Always Pay Back: The Grameen Ii Story By Asif Dowla And Dipal Barua. Bloomfield, Ct: Kumarian Press, Inc. 2006. 320pp., Jessica Burley

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

The Poor Always Pay Back: The Grameen II Story by Asif Dowla and Dipal Barua. Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian Press, Inc. 2006. 320pp.

Revisiting The Ethics Of Financial Executives In The Lodging Industry, James W. Damitio, Raymond S. Schmidgall

Hospitality Review

This study revisited ethics in the hospitality industry and involved a randomly selected sample of lodging financial executives taken from the current membership roster of the Hospitality Financial and Technology Professionals (HFTP). After responding to a number of demographic questions, financial executives were asked to respond to 16 business scenarios that involved the issue of ethics. In addition, financial executives were asked if they would or would not do what the controller did in each scenario. Finally, responses of financial executives in the current study were compared to the responses of financial executives in a previous study. Findings indicate that …

Job Satisfaction Of Club Financial Executives, Raymond S. Schmidgall Ph.D., Cpa, Agnes Defranco

Hospitality Review

Studying the job satisfaction of financial management personnel in the club industry may offer additional information to management of clubs to better work with and retain their associates. It is also hoped that the results of this study will provide hospitality students aspiring to become financial management personnel in the club industry with a glimpse of the job satisfaction level of financial executives in the club industry

Securitization Of Lodging Real Estate Finance, A.J. Singh

Hospitality Review

In the early 1990s, the U.S. lodging industry witnessed a severe shortage of debt capital as traditional lenders exited the market. During this period hotel lending was revolutionized by the emergence of real estate debt securities. The author discusses key factors which have affected the growth and development of commercial mortgage backed securities and their changing role as a significant source of debt capital to the lodging industry.

Lodging Real Estate Finance: Securitization, A.J. Singh

Hospitality Review

Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities (CMBSs) introduced to the U.S. lodging industry in the early 1990’s were a panacea during a period of severe shortage of debt capital. These instruments changed commercial real estate capital markets by providing flexibility and liquidity to an otherwise illiquid investment As a relatively new form of financing to the lodging industry, the mechanics of securitization, the types of CMBS investments, and their structure are not well understood. The article illustrates the process of securitization and its importance as a significant source of debt financing to the lodging industry

Predicting Financial Sources For The Lodging Industry, A.J. Singh

Hospitality Review

Given the various changes that have occurred in the financing of the lodging industry, investors and developers interested in the industry are concerned about future sources of capital and the terms at which they will be available. This article presents results of a Delphi study which illustrates the extent to which individual financial institutions are expected to provide capital to the lodging industry and looks at terms and criteria used to make loans.

Budget Of Renewal 1995, Sani Abacha General

Bullion

The paper contains the 1995 Budget speech of the Head of State and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of Nigeria, General Sani Abacha.

Modern Techniques Of Bank Administration, C. E. Agene

Bullion

This paper examines the basic theories and concepts underlying bank management. The paper noted that portfolio management, especially the funds management aspect, represented the core of sound bank planning and financial control. The paper identified principal methods of assets and liability management including liquidity and asset management, forecasting, resource allocation, foreign exchange management and gap management were discussed. The twin concepts of overall bank liquidity and balance sheet interest rate sensitivity management are also highlighted. The paper further observed that that portfolio management in banks being an intricate matter usually requires the setting up of management committees to take charge …

Regling, Klaus P. "New Financing Approaches In The Debt Strategy" Finance And Development: March 1988, Vol. 25, No. 1, Pp.6 - 9, G. C. Onuoha

Economic and Financial Review

The review summarises the author's analysis of the various financing techniques. Apart from a few technical points, the write up is self-explanatory and interesting to read. Discussed in it are some of the advantages and constraints in the use of some of the financing techniques. While agreeing with the author on some of the advantages and shortcomings of the financing techniques, there is the need to point out issues which the author failed to take into consideration.