Business Commons^™

Distinguishing Servant Leadership From Transactional And Transformational Leadership, Seth-Aaron Martinez, Nahari Leija

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Problem

The scholarship of leadership abounds with the affordances, limitations, antecedents, and outcomes associated with the different theories in Human Resource Development (HRD) literature. However, a clear delineation between the host of individual leadership theories does not exist. Absent is a nuanced view of the similarities, differences, and any overlap between the various leadership theories. Without a clear understanding of the relationships between leadership theories, knowing when to apply which theories and when becomes difficult.

Solution

A systematic review of the literature surrounding servant leadership (SL) through 2022 was conducted to position SL among the more extensively researched transactional and …

Careers In Corporate Learning & Development, Seth-Aaron Martinez, Eunjae Kim

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this chapter we first define what a learning and development (L&D) role consists of. We then discuss the keys to secure a competitive L&D role in the corporate space. The second section is dedicated to several critical elements for achieving success once you have landed a corporate role. To illustrate each principle, throughout the chapter the authors incorporate examples from our professional experience.

Virtual Reality In Workplace Learning: Affordances, Limitations, And Future Directions, Roshan Bharwaney, Seth-Aaron Martinez, Madan Panathula, Jeff Dalto, Alejandro Maya, Lindsay Kopasz

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

The interest and use of Virtual Reality (VR) technology for workplace learning has been increasing and is projected to increase further based insights from scholarly literature, industry reports, and interviews with organization and learning leaders. We present and discuss perceived affordances, limitations, and future directions of VR learning based on interviews with 21 workplace learning leaders across sectors and industries. Perceived affordances include: (1) simulation of dangerous or difficult real life scenarios, (2) interpersonal and leadership skill development, (3) affordability, (4) data and assessments, (5) social learning, and (6) bridging the real and virtual. On the other hand, perceived limitations …

Developing Student Leaders In Nonprofit Organizations, Seth-Aaron Martinez

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Overview: Servant leadership affords an organization many benefits. However, servant leaders are often not easy to find. This paper outlines several realistic, tactical practices a non-profit organization can deploy to develop servant leader attributes and behaviors within their ranks.

A Machine-Learning Classification Tree Model Of Perceived Organizational Performance In U.S. Federal Government Health Agencies, In-Gu Kang, Nayoung Kim, Wei-Yin Loh, Barbara A. Bichelmeyer

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Perceived organizational performance (POP) is an important factor that influences employees’ attitudes and behaviors such as retention and turnover, which in turn improve or impede organizational sustainability. The current study aims to identify interaction patterns of risk factors that differentiate public health and human services employees who perceived their agency performance as low. The 2018 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey (FEVS), a nationally representative sample of U.S. federal government employees, was used for this study. The study included 43,029 federal employees (weighted n = 75,706) among 10 sub-agencies in the public health and human services sector. The machine-learning classification decision-tree modeling …

Lifting An Li, Fg, And/Or Ur Support Program Off The Ground During Covid-19: Successes And Lessons Learned, Lenz Kaspar Bayas, Lisa A. Giacumo, Chantel Early, Kendra Rishell Peterson, Arvin Farid, Briceland Mclaughlin, Donald Plumlee, Mojtaba Sadegh, Tammi Vacha-Haase

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Researchers describe a need for increased access to and transitional support into STEM graduate education for low-income, academically talented, first-generation and/or underrepresented and minority (LIATFirstGenURM) students. In October 2019, we were awarded an NSF scholarship grant to build infrastructure and provide support to low-income, academically talented, firs-generation, underrepresented, and minority (LIATFirstGenURM) graduate engineering students. As part of the internal evaluation of the program, we interviewed seven enrolled and funded graduate student beneficiaries to determine if they encountered any barriers during their recruitment and first semester of graduate study. Additionally, we asked them what support they valued most. We found that …

To Prove Or Improve, That Is The Question: The Resurgence Of Comparative, Confounded Research Between 2010 And 2019, Peter C. Honebein, Charles M. Reigeluth

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Between 2010 and 2019, ETR&D experienced increased publication of a specific type of research that does not provide useful knowledge to the instructional design field. This type of research is research to prove, which entails pitting an incumbent, “traditional” learning experience against a new, innovative learning experience that lacks maturity. Additionally, under closer inspection, these new, innovative learning experiences show significant gaps of good design judgment, in terms of their alignment with the instructional theory framework. This type of research robs the instructional design field of important and useful data associated with effectiveness, efficiency, and appeal outcomes. To provide evidence …

Growth Mindset For Human Resource Development: A Scoping Review Of The Literature With Recommended Interventions, Soo Jeoung Han, Vicki Stieha

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Although the concept of mindsets is relatively ubiquitous in the common press and well-studied in the education literature, the idea of a growth mindset, rooted in implicit theories is less represented in human resource development (HRD) scholarly literature. Given that absence, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of a growth mindset on HRD outcomes. To achieve this purpose, we conducted a scoping literature review including research conducted globally and in a wide variety of organizations. Based on the empirical findings, we discuss three categories of HRD outcomes of mindsets: (a) individual-level outcomes (e.g., work engagement, creativity, …

Developing And Applying Knowledge And Skills In Ethics And Professional Morality: An Evidence-Based Practice Paper, Donald Winiecki, Lynn Catlin, Harold Ackler

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Even without a focused interest in the topic, as we enter the third decade of the 21st Century one would have a difficult time ignoring the steady flow of stories reporting tragic consequences arising from engineering decisions that appear to have omitted ethical components, and of ethical dilemmas arising from contemporary engineering and computer science. Similarly, one would have to be willful to miss an equally steady drumbeat of calls for improved ethics in engineering and computer science education.

However, one can make the argument that simply offering new or more content related to ethics in engineering education is not …

Merit, Diversity, And Performance: Does Diversity Management Moderate The Effect Of Merit Principles On Governmental Performance?, Sanghee Park, Jiaqi Liang

Public Policy and Administration Faculty Publications and Presentations

The compatibility of merit principles and diversity management is particularly intriguing in theory and practice. Although theoretical arguments for merit-based practices and diversity management are well established, the effect of their dynamics on governmental performance remains an empirical issue. This article examines the effect of merit principles, workforce diversity, and diversity management on government performance, and inquiries about whether diversity management efforts moderate the effect of merit-based practices. Analyzing a combined data set on federal agencies, this study finds that merit-based practices and diversity management have independent positive impact on organizational performance, but there is no significant relationship between workforce …

Asynchronous Discussion Forum Design To Support Cognition: Effects Of Rubrics And Instructor Prompts On Learner’S Critical Thinking, Achievement, And Satisfaction, Lisa A. Giacumo, Wilhelmina Savenye

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

The purpose of this study was to test the effects of two metacognitive scaffolds on learners’ cognition by evaluating student critical thinking skills performance in an asynchronous discussion board and achievement in a blended learning module. The two scaffolds included a systematic protocol for individualized facilitation prompts and an analytic rubric with three criteria (critical thinking, participation frequency, and writing quality) along with four levels of achievement for each criterion. This research study employed a quasi-experimental, two-by-two factorial design. The study participants (N = 257) were assigned to one of four different conditions. Those provided with the rubric scaffold …

Designing Informal Learning Environments, Seth-Aaron Martinez, Justin N. Whiting

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

For the past 30 years, the prevailing 70-20-10 industry model of employee development postulates that 70 percent of individual learning and growth occurs through relevant but challenging experiences, 20 percent through relationships and social interactions, and only 10 percent through formal learning activities (Center for Creative Leadership, 2020; Watkins et al., 2014). What, then, is the implication for learning design given these trends? To assist in taking advantage of such patterns, this chapter is dedicated to the design of informal learning environments.

Leadership Role Effectiveness As A Mediator Of Team Performance In Virtual Teams, Soo Jeoung Han, Mirim Kim, Michael Beyerlein, Darleen Derosa

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

In spite of the wide usage of globally dispersed virtual teams (VT), there has been relatively little research on how leadership affects team performance, particularly with new product development teams in a global VT setting. A research model of VT leadership was developed and evaluated with a confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling for a unique sample of 19 globally dispersed VTs and 25 nationally dispersed VTs in a variety of industries. Results showed that less geographically dispersed VT members have shown higher team performance only when leadership roles were performed effectively. In addition, leadership role effectiveness fully mediated …

Effects Of Family-Supportive Supervisor Behaviors And Organizational Climate On Employees, Soo Jeoung Han, Gary N. Mclean

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of family-supportive supervisor behaviors and organizational climate on employees’ work–family conflict, job satisfaction and turnover intentions.

Design/methodology/approach – To examine the causal relationship, the longitudinal panel data of the work, family and health study were used, using the data of 664 respondents who participated in surveys from all four time-points at two Fortune 500 information technology (IT) companies.

Findings – The results of the data analysis suggested that family-supportive supervisor behaviors have a minimal, but statistically significant, impact on work-to-family conflict and organizational work-family climate. Moreover, work-to-family conflict …

Ethical And Responsible Cross‐Cultural Interviewing: Theory To Practice Guidance For Human Performance And Workplace Learning Professionals, D'Jeane T. Peters, Lisa A. Giacumo

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Conducting interviews in a cross-cultural setting is increasingly common for human performance technology (HPT) practitioners and researchers. Planning to conduct interviews in a culture that the practitioner may not be familiar with requires additional methodological and ethical considerations. In this article, we draw from published scholarly works on cross-cultural interviewing practices across disciplines to develop evidence-based recommendations HPT professionals can utilize in their own cross-cultural interview project.

Designing A Portable Museum Display Of Native American Stone Projectile Points (Arrowheads) To Ensure Accessibility And Tactile Quality, Cheryl K. Fogle-Hatch, Joe Nicoli, Donald Winiecki

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Two archaeologists and one engineering professor designed a prototype of a traveling museum exhibit that is inclusive to both blind and sighted visitors. While three dimensional (3D) replicas provide tactile information to people who are blind or have low vision, they can also be appreciated by sighted people. This paper describes the process of creating 3D replicas of stone projectile points (spear tips and arrowheads) that are found in the collections of the Maryland Archaeological and Conservation Laboratory. We define the design considerations related to (1) scanning artifacts to acquire accurate data with which to produce high-quality replicas, and (2) …

A Formative Evaluation Of A Master's-Level Career-Coaching Course For Performance Improvement Students, Steven W. Villachica, Vicki Stieha, Lisa Giacumo, Lesa Becker, Jo Ann Fenner

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

The authors conducted a formative evaluation of an iteratively evolving career-coaching course. All 11 master's students who had enrolled in the course between Winter 2016 and Fall 2017 participated in the evaluation. Our evaluation addressed three research questions: (1) To what extent does participation in the career-coaching course affect participant confidence? (2) To what extent did participants attain their stated course goals? (3) To what extent did career coaching contribute to participants' current job situation? Analysis of quantitative and qualitative survey responses indicated that participants consistently reported increased levels of confidence after career coaching in terms of their ability to …

Advancing The Knowledge Base Toward A Comprehensive Model – Part 2: A Holistic Approach To Performance Improvement Practices, In Gu Kang, Barbara A. Bichelmeyer

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study, the second part of a series of research on advancing the knowledge base toward a comprehensive performance model, discusses the implications on how a theoretically and empirically tested model is put into practice in a more specific way in the light of the three aspects of human resource cognate fields: human performance technology, human resource management, and human resource development.

Warriors In Suits: A Bourdieusian Perspective On The Construction And Practice Of Military Masculinity Of Korean Men, Jin Lee, Melika Shirmohammadi, Lisa M. Baumgartner, Jihye Oh, Soo Jeoung Han

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Within masculinity scholarship, there is a gap about how masculinity carries over from a broad social context to an organizational context. This article explores the construction and capitalization of masculinity through a series of experiences in social fields such as the military and college, and the transfer of militaristic masculinity into the workplace. Drawing on grounded theory methods, we conducted in-depth interviews with 20 Korean men who completed their mandatory two-year military service and subsequently joined large corporations in Korea. We uncovered a four-phase model that depicts how Korean men’s masculinity is constructed during military service and transferred to their …

A Needs Analysis To Inform Global Humanitarian Capacity Building, Jeroen Breman, Lisa A. Giacumo, Rachel Griffith-Boyes

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

This article describes a needs analysis case study to inform the instructional design of a multinational capacity building project in humanitarian logistics. Survey responses from 106 foreign partner non-governmental organizations (NGOs) of international non-governmental organizations (INGOs) were collected to gain insights into organizations’ access to technology, levels of confidence in five logistics process areas, the strengths of previous capacity building projects, and organizational strategies and methods for capacity building. Results show that staff have access to mobile phones and computers and prefer to use the latter for learning. It was also found that not all NGOs implemented all the common …

A Systematic Evaluation Process: Soliciting Client Participation And Working In A Cross‐Cultural Context, D'Jeane T. Peters, Lisa A. Giacumo

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

A systematic evaluation process helps performance improvement practitioners organize their work with clients to deliver valued results. Further, we implemented a strategic partnership approach to solicit client participation to conduct a feasible systemic training evaluation project. In this article, we share our experience and recommendations for performance improvement practitioners who work in cross‐cultural evaluation‐project contexts.

Developing Team Creativity: The Influence Of Psychological Safety And Relation-Oriented Shared Leadership, Soo Jeoung Han, Yunsoo Lee, Michael Beyerlein

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

This study examines the effects of a psychosocially safe environment and two types of shared leadership on project team creativity. We focused on specific dimensions of shared leadership to examine their association with creative outcomes. To measure the dimensions, we conducted a survey of 260 graduate and undergraduate students working in project teams at a large Southwestern university. We found that a psychologically safe environment enabled team members to perform task-oriented and relation-oriented tasks. However, only relation-oriented shared leadership positively influenced team creativity. Based on our findings, we provided research and practical implications, as well as study limitations and future …

Integrative Literature Review On The Antecedents Of Informal Learning In The Workplace: A Conceptual Framework For Future Research, Shinhee Jeong, Soo Jeoung Han, Jin Lee, Suravee Sunalai, Seung Won Yoon

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Despite the explosion of interest in informal learning in the workplace, few attempts have been made to synthesize the current literature. This article provides an integrative and analytical review of prior empirical studies, particularly focusing on what factors have been identified as antecedents of informal learning in organizations and how informal learning has been conceptualized and measured. It then suggests future avenues for theory building, research, and practice. The authors propose a conceptual framework for understanding informal learning activities using three dimensions: learning competence, intentionality, and developmental relatedness. Implications for human resource development research and practice are also discussed.

Infusing Inclusion, Diversity, And Social Justice Into The Undergraduate Computer Science Curriculum At Boise State University, Donald Winiecki, Noah Salzman, Timothy Andersen, Amit Jain, Dianxiang Xu

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

That groups other than white or Asian males are not well-represented in education or professions related with computer science is well documented. Research shows that popularly-held notions accounting for this are inaccurate or simply false. Instead, persistent expression of biased social values is asserted to account for the fact that members of underrepresented groups either never choose to pursue or cease pursuit of careers in computer science.

Regardless, private and public interest in attaining equity and social justice remains strong. Often, efforts are focused on top-down initiatives to attract and retain a more diverse set of individuals. However, these have …

The Arrows In Our Backs: Lessons Learned Trying To Change The Engineering Curriculum, Steven W. Villachica, Anthony Wayne Marker, Donald Plumlee, Linda Huglin, Amy Chegash

Organizational Performance and Workplace Learning Faculty Publications and Presentations

Published research has provided a robust set of documented tools and techniques for transforming individual engineering courses in ways that use evidence-based instructional practices. Many engineering faculty are already aware of these practices and would like to use them. However, they still face significant implementation barriers. The E²R2P effort addresses the question: How can successes in engineering education research translate into widespread instructional practice?

This poster session will describe hard-won lessons the E²R2P team has learned as it begins its third year attempting such curricular change.

Lesson 1: “Wonder workshops” and visible course redesigns don’t produce …