Business Commons^™

Americans, Marketers, And The Internet: 1999-2012, Joseph Turow, Amy Bleakley, John Bracken, Michael X. Delli Carpini, Nora A. Draper, Lauren Feldman, Nathaniel Good, Jens Grossklags, Michael Hennessy, Chris Jay Hoofnagle, Rowan Howard-Williams, Jennifer King, Su Li, Kimberly Meltzer, Deirdre K. Mulligan, Lilach Nir

Chris Jay Hoofnagle

This is a collection of the reports on the Annenberg national surveys that explored Americans' knowledge and opinions about the new digital-marketing world that was becoming part of their lives. So far we’ve released seven reports on the subject, in 1999, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2010, and 2012. The reports raised or deepened a range of provocative topics that have become part of public, policy, and industry discourse. In addition to these reports, I’ve included three journal articles — from I/S, New Media & Society and the Journal of Consumer Affairs — that synthesize some of the findings and place …

Case Study: Sexism In Advertising And Airlines, Tamilla Curtis, Anke Arnaud Ph.D., Blaise Waguespack

Dr. Anke Arnaud

This case study outlines an ethical dilemma faced by a young female student who is planning to buy airline tickets. Her purchase decision is influenced by cost and advertising strategies. The case discusses advertising ethics, ethical moral philosophies, including teleology and deontology, and sexist advertising with examples from the airline industry. This case will be beneficial for marketing students to discuss the topic of advertising ethics, and for business students to discuss the topic of organizational ethics. Students enrolling in aviation related classes will also benefit from this case. The teaching notes for instructors are available upon request.

Case Study: Sexism In Advertising And Airlines, Tamilla Curtis, Anke Arnaud Ph.D., Blaise Waguespack

Dr. Tamilla Curtis

This case study outlines an ethical dilemma faced by a young female student who is planning to buy airline tickets. Her purchase decision is influenced by cost and advertising strategies. The case discusses advertising ethics, ethical moral philosophies, including teleology and deontology, and sexist advertising with examples from the airline industry. This case will be beneficial for marketing students to discuss the topic of advertising ethics, and for business students to discuss the topic of organizational ethics. Students enrolling in aviation related classes will also benefit from this case. The teaching notes for instructors are available upon request.

The Effects Of Schema Congruity On Consumer Response To Celebrity Advertising, Tracy Harmon-Kizer

Tracy R. Harmon-Kizer Ph.D.

The trend of celebrity-branded products is on the rise, creating a new domain in which to explore the match-up hypothesis. Moving beyond the celebrity as an endorser, but rather, a brand promoting a brand extension, this article examines how perceived congruence between a celebrity's image and the brand image of products they have developed is related to attitudinal and behavioral measures of advertising effectiveness. Employing a 2 × 3 full factorial design, congruence between the celebrity's image and the brand's image was varied (less vs. more congruent), along with the use of the celebrity's image (present, absent, non-celebrity models) to …

Retrenchment In Higher Education: Public Perceptions And Marketing Implications, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Jamie Waltz, Jordan Mcknight

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

Many institutions in higher education are actively engaged in the retrenchment process; that is, eliminating, redacting or restructuring administrators, staff, faculty, programs and services in order to achieve financial stability. This research examined public perceptions of retrenchment by conducting a series of modified Delphi groups. Results suggest a public awareness and belief that retrenchment will not impact academic or experiential quality. Presented is REDUCE – a retrenchment strategy and process for university administrators and marketing professionals.

How And When Advertising Can Influence Memory For Consumer Experience, Kathryn A. Braun-Latour, Michael S. Latour, Jacqueline E. Pickrell, Elizabeth F. Loftus

Kathryn A. LaTour

Recent "paradigm shifting" research in consumer behavior dealing with reconstructive memory processes suggests that advertising can exert a powerful retroactive effect on how consumers remember their past experiences with a product. Building on this stream of research, we have executed three studies that incorporate the use of false cues with the aim of shedding new light on how post-experience advertising exerts influence on recollection. Our first experiment investigates an important but yet unexplored issue to advertisers who are perhaps reticent about embracing this paradigm: Does the false cue fundamentally change how consumers process information? After finding that when the false …

Postexperience Advertising Effects On Consumer Memory, Kathryn A. Braun

Kathryn A. LaTour

Past research suggests that marketing communications create expectations that influence the way consumers subsequently learn from their product experiences. Since postexperience information can also be important and is widespread for established goods and services, it is appropriate to ask about the cognitive effects of these efforts. The postexperience advertising situation is conceptualized here as an instant source-forgetting problem where the language and imagery from the recently presented advertising become confused with consumers’ own experiential memories. It is suggested that, through a reconstructive memory process, this advertising information affects how and what consumers remember. Consumers may come to believe that their …

Consumer Attitude Towards The Spirit Airline Online Advertising, Tamilla Curtis, Blaise Waguespack, Anke Arnaud

Dr. Tamilla Curtis

The Online Advertising And Tracking Industry: Technology, Business Model, And Market Structure, Henk Lm Kox

Henk LM Kox

This research note provides information on the Internet advertising and tracking industry: market structure, business model, targeting technologies, performance criteria, payment structures, main welfare aspects, and recent market trends.

Bringing Your Brand To Life, A Chicago Ideas Week Affiliated Presentation, Laurence Minsky

Laurence Minsky

Presented the process for developing the brand foundation elements and then the co-presenters discussed the development of the brand foundation for Midtown Athletic Case as a case study.

How To Succeed In Advertising When All You Have Is Talent, Laurence Minsky

Laurence Minsky

No abstract provided.

Marketing Blackness: How Advertisers Use Race To Sell Products, David Crockett

David Crockett

Marketing blackness, or black cultural identity, involves promotional strategies reliant on persons and other symbolic and material representations socially and historically constructed as black (e.g. speech and phonetic conventions, folklore, style, fashion, music, usage of the body, and the black physical form). This research presents a framework that assesses the strategic role blackness representations play in US advertising. The framework addresses the fundamental question of how advertisers use blackness representations to deliver promises about their products’ benefits, a necessary first step in ultimately understanding their effectiveness and their impact on blackness itself. The framework orders blackness representations along two dimensions …

Posters : Art & Advertising, Stephen S. Holden

Stephen S Holden

Posters were developed as a medium for both art and advertising forming the foundation for much advertising today which continues to blend aesthetics of art with the practicality of commerce. Accordingly, the history of the development of outdoor and more specifically poster advertising is reviewed for an understanding of how these two domains were married into one. Through this, an understanding of how posters introduced art to advertising thereby representing an important leader to most other more modern forms of media and initiating the longstanding tension in advertising as creative art and commercial gain. The third section reviews the evidence …

Subjective Impressions Of Minority Group Representation In The Media: A Comparison Of Majority And Minority Viewers’ Judgments And Underlying Processes, Donnel A. Briley, Lj Shrum, Robert S. Wyer

Donnel A Briley

Consumers’ judgments of the frequency with which members of an ethnic minority are represented in advertisements can depend on the processing strategies they employ both at the time the ads are first encountered and at the time the judgments are reported. These strategies, in turn, can depend on whether the consumers personally belong to the minority group in question. European American and African American participants received a series of advertisements that varied in terms of the relative numbers of Black and White models that were portrayed. European Americans overestimated the number of Black models that appeared in the ads when …

Dr. Anca Micu Interviewed As Part Of Groundbreaking Marketing Conference, Anca C. Micu

Anca C. Micu

Interview of Dr. Anca Micu which took place at the 2006 Consumer Engagement Conference, held at The Crowne Plaza in New York City from September 27 to 28 2006, and was broadcast on the official blog covering the event.

Is That A Sexy Ad Or What? Measuring Sex In Advertising, Stephen S. Holden, Joanna Gabler

Stephen S Holden

This paper addresses the tricky issue of assessing what constitutes sex in advertising, and in particular, examines the various ways in which sexiness can be operationalised.

Sex Cells : How The Use Of Sex In Advertising Varies Across Eight Countries, Stephen S. Holden, Marilyn Y. Jones, Joanna Gabler

Stephen S Holden

This study examines how the use of sex in magazine advertising varies across eight different countries – Singapore, Australia, India, South Africa, France, Germany/Austria, Brazil and the U.S. Eight magazines were collected from each country. We examined the incidence of sex in advertising and its various components in the 3,201 ads found in this assortment of magazines. Significant differences between countries were found for use of attractive models, nudity and types of sex appeal. While it is difficult to draw firm conclusions, we believe that the results support the notion that sex in advertising is driven by its novelty value …

Floating A University Website: If You're Going To Fish, Bring The Right Bait, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

Visual and printed information desired by precollege students were examined using a cluster technique. Significant relationships between the ACT score and student preferences were found. Several recommendations are offered to assist college and university administrators integrate the research and interactivity of the Web into their overall marketing strategy.

Advertising Slogans And University Marketing: An Exploratory Study Of Brand-Fit And Cognition In Higher Education, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

It is not uncommon for universities to develop and market their advertising slogan. This study examines institutional advertising slogans, and empirically tests the cognitive component of brand-fit. Findings are indicative of a relationship between cognition and university advertising slogans. Implications for university communications are marketing strategies are discussed.

Advertising Strategies For Success, Douglas J. Swanson Ed.D Apr

Douglas J. Swanson, Ed.D APR

No abstract provided.

Cultural Values In Us And Japanese Magazine Advertising: A Comparative Content Analysis., Hiroshi Tanaka Professor

Hiroshi Tanaka

U.S. and Japanese magazine advertising were content-analyzed from the perspective of cultural values.