Business Commons^™

Personal Identity And Nostalgia For The Distant Land Of Past: Legacy Tourism, Nina M. Ray, Gary Mccain

Nina M. Ray

"The past is certainly a distant land and getting there is a difficult and imperfect undertaking" (Brown, Hirschman & Maclaran (2006). This paper explores motivations behind how consumers reach that "distant land." Over 1,000 respondents of a variety of ethnic groups show very different stories and diaspora timelines, but personal identity and connection with place are always top ranked motivations for interest in ancestors. How might groups, who may suffer from a lack of identity, fit into these findings when 'personal identity' is the number one reason why consumers engage in genealogy and legacy tourism? Whether a group is well …

The Consumer Experience Of Holidays Booked Via Daily Deal Promotions: An Online Content Analysis Of Traveller Reviews, Carmen Cox

Carmen Cox

While Daily Deal accommodation promotions through sites such as LivingSocial, Groupon, Scoopon, Ouffer and Cudo have become increasingly popular amongst industry operators and travellers alike, there is limited research about the extent to which they satisfy the end-users expectations. Consumers‟ self-reported evaluations of accommodation promotions sold through Daily Deal sites are analysed in this paper based on a content analysis of more than 500 online reviews submitted to TripAdvisor® by travellers who had purchased a ‘daily deal voucher’ to be used across a variety of Australian properties. The results find that while the majority of reviewers rated their stay experience …

Too Many Brands Spoil The Strategy, Mark Ritson

Mark Ritson

No abstract provided.

Sustainability Through Profitability: The Triple Bottom Line, Connie I. Reimers-Hild

Connie I Reimers-Hild, PhD, CPC

Today’s highly competitive, globalized world requires organizations and businesses to think differently about how they are going to stay in business. Businesses can no longer afford to focus on profits as their sole purpose for existence. Organizations must instead think about the “Triple Bottom Line” and its implications for their ability to grow their brand, customer loyalty and profits.

Ethical Considerations In The Marketing Of E-Health Products, Ashish Chandra, Andrew Sikula Sr., David P. Paul Iii

Andrew Sikula, Sr.

The internet is now recognised as a growing international phenomenon. All kinds of products and services are being marketed over the internet to consumers throughout the world because country borders no longer restrict conducting business in the international marketplace. Though there are several advantages of online commerce, this form of marketing does raise ethical dilemmas, particularly when it comes to marketing healthcare products and information to consumers internationally. This paper examines some of these potential ethical concerns and provides some strategies for consumers and online pharmaceutical marketers to handle these dilemmas more appropriately.

Commentary: The Role Of Food Culture And Marketing Activity In Health Disparities, Jerome Williams, David Crockett, Robert Harrison, Kevin Williams

David Crockett

Marketing activities have attracted increased attention from scholars interested in racial disparities in obesity prevalence, as well as the prevalence of other preventable conditions. Although reducing the marketing of nutritionally poor foods to racial/ethnic communities would represent a significant step forward in eliminating racial disparities in health, we focus instead on a critical-related question. What is the relationship between marketing activities, food culture, and health disparities? This commentary posits that food culture shapes the demand for food and the meaning attached to particular foods, preparation styles, and eating practices, while marketing activities shape the overall environment in which food choices …

Does Providing More Prompts In Visitor Expenditure Surveys Result In Higher Reported Expenditure?, Mike Raybould, Liz Fredline

Michael Raybould

It has been claimed that providing more prompts or categories in the expenditure module of a visitor survey should assist respondents to recall their expenditure more accurately though this does not appear to have been supported by the few field tests conducted to date. This paper describes an experimental examination of the effects on reported expenditure of providing additional cues in the expenditure module of an event visitor survey. In this study aggregate and disaggregate formats result in significant differences in reported expenditure in key expenditure categories. In the context of the total survey error model it considers the trade‐off …

Impact Of Self On Attitudes Toward Luxury Brands Among Teens, Luciana Gil, Kyoung-Nan Kwon, Linda Good

Lester Johnson

The main purpose of this study is to increase understanding of teenagers' self perception on attitudes toward luxury brands. The study investigates how social consumption motivations affect teenagers' attitudes toward luxury brands, how teens' self concepts can influence social consumption motivations, and whether peer pressure affects this relationship. The study also examines the effects of materialism on teenagers' social consumption motivations and attitudes toward luxury brands. The total sample consisted of 558 teenagers between the ages of 12 and 19 (grades 7 through 12). Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling. This study demonstrates that materialistic orientation is a powerful …

Marketers Are Socially Stupid, Mark Ritson

Mark Ritson

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of National Institutional Context On Social Practices: Comparing Finnish And Us Business Communities, Jill M. Purdy, Elizabeth A. Alexander, Stern Neill

Elizabeth Alexander

This paper investigates the impact of national institutional contexts on firms' socially responsible practices, the motives for such practices and methods of organising social practices. Surveys of firms in a liberal market economy (USA) and those in a coordinated market economy (Finland) are compared. Findings indicate that social practices differ between the contexts, providing empirical support for the theory of explicit and implicit forms of corporate social responsibility. The paper offers insight into how social practices are organised in different contexts and a new conceptualisation of the motives for social responsibility. Results suggest that national institutional context should be accounted …

Satisfaction In The Context Of Customer Co-Production: A Behavioral Involvement Perspective, David Hunt, Stephanie Geiger-Oneto, Philip Varca

David M. Hunt

Consumers increasingly subscribe to community-supported agriculture (CSA) programs as an alternative retail channel for fresh produce. Compared with supermarket retailers, CSAs are built around an ethos of community rather than efficiency and economies of scale; and CSA programs demand far greater customer co-production than supermarket retailers. For instance, CSA members (customers) assume responsibilities for physical distribution, market timing, and financial risk taking—activities that, for customers of traditional supermarkets, are assumed by the retailer or other market intermediaries. Service-dominant logic suggests that such co-production activities provide value for consumers. And the expanding demand for CSA programs anecdotally supports the notion that …

The Impact Of Low-Price Brands On The Order Of Entry Advantage, Dean Wilkie, Lester Johnson, Lesley White

Lester Johnson

The objectives of this research are to investigate (1) if a later entrant can reduce an order of entry effect by positioning itself as a low-price brand; and (2) if the type of low-price brand impacts the effectiveness of this strategy. The impact of a low-price strategy on the order of entry effect has been modelled using three categories of over-the-counter medicines. The results indicate that, in a majority of categories and dependent on the type of low-price brand, a low-price strategy can reduce the market share penalty for being a later entrant. In addition, the results provide evidence that …

The Viability Of Removing Personal Information From Online White Page Directories: Are Consumer Perceptions Aligned With Reality?, Lauren Labrecque

Lauren Labrecque

The Effects Of Various Incentives And Survey Length On Managers/Executives Likelihood Of Completing Online Surveys, Riza Dogan

Riza Dogan

No abstract provided.

Using The Fcb Grid To Evaluate A Failed Mental Health Levy: The Marketing Implications Of Stigma, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Steffi Liotta, Wenhui Jin

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

This research found that using the FCB Grid to develop and evaluate a mental health levy campaign has merit. Likewise, stigma has both positive and negative impact on a mental health levy. Introduced is the ‘STIGMA’ planning model to help mental health professionals pass a public mental health levy.

Examining The Use Of Focus Groups In Economic Development Initiatives, Oscar T. Mcknight, Ronald Paugh, Brian Nestor, Shawn Yambor

Oscar T McKnight Ph.D.

City officials often use focus groups in economic development. However, findings indicate that group dynamics can threaten validity when seeking consensus. Data suggest a strong rebound effect for participants to return to their earlier pre-focus group assessment beliefs. Introduced is the ‘BUCKS’ Planning Model for facilitating city economic development initiatives.

Gender Differences In Communication:Implications For Salespeople, Daniel Mcquiston, Kathryn Morris

Kathryn A. Morris

As more women enter into the traditionally male-dominated occupations of sales and purchasing, an understanding of gender differences in communication can provide salespeople with added information to increase their effectiveness. 1his paper begins with a review of the research on gender differences in verbal and non-verbal communication and then applies these findings to the field of sales. The paper concludes with managerial implications and recommendations for how salespeople might account for gendered aspects of their communications and by so doing potentially increase the effectiveness of their sales process.

Mobile Advertising Effectiveness, Ginger Rosenkrans, Keli Myers

Ginger Rosenkrans

No abstract provided.

Extending Resource-Based Logic: Applying The Resource-Investment Concept To The Firm From A Payments Perspective., Angelina Zubac, Graham Hubbard, Lester Johnson

Lester Johnson

This article argues that resource-based logic can be extended by conceptualizing the firm in resource investment terms. It establishes that investing in resources is essentially a bilateral process involving managers and the owners of capital and that all resource-investments are necessarily made within an institutional superstructure. As a result, the capital invested into the firm is necessarily highly structured. These ideas are developed in this article from a payments perspective because this perspective allows scholars to explore the ex ante investment decisions that allow firms to grow, and to focus on firms’ resource payments, which can be considered a proxy …

Grumpier Old Men: Age And Sex Differences In The Evaluation Of New Services, Jeffrey Schmidt, Linda Zayer, Roger Calantone

Linda Tuncay Zayer

Little research attention has centered on how age and sex affect consumers’ evaluations of new products and services. In this study an individual’s age and sex are associated with his or her evaluation of new services, that is, newly released motion pictures. Using data acquired from publicly available and proprietary sources, nearly 2,100 motion pictures released in the United States from 1982 through 2000 were analyzed. The results show that older consumers are more critical of new services and rate them lower after consuming them relative to younger ones. The results also show that women evaluate new services significantly more …

Experiential Learning And Macro-Education: Enhancing Traditional Marketing Courses With Macromarketing Projects, Scott Radford, David Hunt, Deborah Andrus

David M. Hunt

Commentary On "Common Method Bias: Nature, Causes, And Procedural Remedies", Madhubalan Viswanathan, Ujwal Kayande

Ujwal Kayande

Common method bias is a potentially serious methodological problem in research in marketing. Several statistical remedies have been proposed in the literature, and used by academic researchers. MacKenzie and Podsakoff (2012) identify the causes of common method bias, and then provide a set of procedural remedies that might prevent the occurrence of the problem. In this commentary, we expand on their contribution by articulating the different types of measurement error that could occur in survey research, how a procedural remedy might simultaneously affect more than one type of error, and how common method bias might manifest itself in the domain …

Customer Satisfaction, Earnings And Firm Value, Don O'Sullivan, John Mccallig

Don O'Sullivan

No abstract provided.

Attitudes Toward And Behavioral Intentions To Adopt Mobile Marketing: Comparisons Of Gen Y In The United States, France And China, Rebecca Wells, Catherine Kleshinski, Terence Lau

Terence Lau

No abstract provided.

The New First Amendment And Its Implications For Combating Obesity Through Regulation Of Advertising, Tamara R. Piety, Samantha Graff

Tamara R. Piety

This chapter reviews the recent decisions of the Supreme Court as they bear on attempts to combat childhood obesity through regulating marketing and concludes that attempts to regulate marketing will face substantial First Amendment obstacles in the courts.

Commentary On "Common Method Bias: Nature, Causes, And Procedural Remedies", Ujwal Kayande, Madhubalan Viswanathan

Ujwal Kayande

Common method bias is a potentially serious methodological problem in research in marketing. Several statistical remedies have been proposed in the literature, and used by academic researchers. MacKenzie and Podsakoff (2012) identify the causes of common method bias, and then provide a set of procedural remedies that might prevent the occurrence of the problem. In this commentary, we expand on their contribution by articulating the different types of measurement error that could occur in survey research, how a procedural remedy might simultaneously affect more than one type of error, and how common method bias might manifest itself in the domain …

Service Blueprinting And Bpmn: A Comparison., Lester Johnson, Simon Milton

Lester Johnson

Purpose: To compare and contrast a customer-focused service process diagram tool (blueprinting) with an organizational-focused process diagram tool (business process modelling notation, or BPMN).

Design/methodology/approach: Using a hotel stay as an example, we present both a service blueprint and a BPMN diagram and explicitly discuss the similarities, differences and where the two tools can be complementary.

Findings: We have found that one similarity is that service blueprinting segments processes into parts that are similar to BPMN‘s idea of swimlanes. However, the swimlanes in service blueprinting separate customer actions, customer-facing employees‘ actions and functions, and back-stage functions, actors, and information systems …

Strategies Used To Defend Pharmaceutical Brands From Generics, Dean C.H. Wilkie, Lester Johnson, Lesley White

Lester Johnson

This research aims to provide an empirical comparison of the results of three brands' marketing defence strategies used in advance of generic brands entering the market. By reviewing the effectiveness of these strategies, this research looks to extend the research on marketing defence strategies into the importance of anticipating competitor launches.

Psychosocial Antecedents Of Communication, Trust, And Relationship Effectiveness In New Product Development Projects: A Functional Manager Perspective, Elias Kyriazis, Paul Couchman, Lester W. Johnson

Lester Johnson

The basic differences between marketing managers and their technically trained counterpart managers (e.g., research and development (R&D), engineering, and manufacturing managers) in terms of work experience, training, and differing decision-making styles have often been suggested as a source of conflict, which acts as a barrier to effective working relationships and integration during new product development (NPD) work. In this paper, we empirically explore this issue by developing and testing a model of psychosocial differences (thought worlds and psychological distance) between the two groups of managers and their effect on communication, trust, and relationship effectiveness during NPD projects. We find that …

Factors Affecting Judgments Of Prevalence And Representation: Implications For Public Policy And Marketing, Donnel A. Briley, L. J. Shrum, Robert S. Wyer Jr.

Donnel A Briley

Public policies are typically established to eliminate important social problems (e.g., minority discrimination, crime, poverty). And the importance of these problems, and urgency people feel about addressing them, is influenced by perceptions of their prevalence. These perceptions, however, can be unwittingly biased by extraneous sources of information that lead some either to overestimate or underestimate the seriousness of the problem at hand. We review empirical work on the construction of perceptions of frequency and representativeness and the processes that underlie them, and show that these perceptions are often biased in ways that differ over segments of the population. The implications …