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- Michael D. Johnson (14)
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Articles 1 - 30 of 55
Full-Text Articles in Business
Case Study: Sexism In Advertising And Airlines, Tamilla Curtis, Anke Arnaud Ph.D., Blaise Waguespack
Case Study: Sexism In Advertising And Airlines, Tamilla Curtis, Anke Arnaud Ph.D., Blaise Waguespack
Dr. Anke Arnaud
This case study outlines an ethical dilemma faced by a young female student who is planning to buy airline tickets. Her purchase decision is influenced by cost and advertising strategies. The case discusses advertising ethics, ethical moral philosophies, including teleology and deontology, and sexist advertising with examples from the airline industry. This case will be beneficial for marketing students to discuss the topic of advertising ethics, and for business students to discuss the topic of organizational ethics. Students enrolling in aviation related classes will also benefit from this case. The teaching notes for instructors are available upon request.
Education And Ecotourism: A Framework And Analysis Of Education In Ecolodges In Costa Rica And Panama, Gregory E. Osland, Robert D. Mackoy
Education And Ecotourism: A Framework And Analysis Of Education In Ecolodges In Costa Rica And Panama, Gregory E. Osland, Robert D. Mackoy
Robert Mackoy
Education of tourists at nature-based lodges is an important but under-researched component of ecotourism. This paper proposes a framework that identifies and develops a typology of possible educational goals and activities in an ecotourism context. Using data from interviews and participant observation at fourteen leading ecolodges in Costa Rica and Panama, the paper describes, classifies and compares educational efforts directed toward ecolodge guests, with a particular emphasis on the role of nature guides in the educational process. Relationships among several educational goals, tourists' satisfaction, and views of the performance of nature guides are uncovered and explicated. Multiple managerial implications and …
Lodge Selection And Satisfaction: Attributes Valued By Ecotourists, Robert D. Mackoy, Gregory E. Osland
Lodge Selection And Satisfaction: Attributes Valued By Ecotourists, Robert D. Mackoy, Gregory E. Osland
Robert Mackoy
Although the ecotourism literature is growing rapidly, few researchers have systematically examined how ecotourists select and evaluate lodging alternatives. Understanding lodging attributes of importance to ecotourists is the first step in modelling lodge selection and satisfaction processes of interest to both managers and researchers. We report on the results of two studies designed to gather such attributes. Study 1 uses e-mail survey responses from dedicated birders, while Study 2 uses data from on-site interviews with visitors at ecolodges in Mexico, Costa Rica, and Ecuador. The two most-commonly mentioned attributes in both studies were “proximity to natural areas” and “cost.” These …
Learning Through International Strategic Alliances: Processes And Factors That Enhance Marketing Strategy Effectiveness, Gregory E. Osland, Attila Yaprak
Learning Through International Strategic Alliances: Processes And Factors That Enhance Marketing Strategy Effectiveness, Gregory E. Osland, Attila Yaprak
Gregory E. Osland
Intensified competitive, technological, and market pressures have made organizational learning a critical imperative in global strategy effectiveness. Firms can learn through experience and from three processes that involve other firms: imitation, grafting, and synergism. Interpartner learning has become critical, since experiential learning is insufficient for most firms. Responds to calls for a broadened role of marketing and synthesizes and extends research from organization behaviour and strategic management to the field of marketing to fuel further academic inquiry. Based on an extension of Chandler′s strategy‐structure‐performance paradigm, develops propositions on how the environment, organizational culture, strategy, and structure can affect a company′s …
Origins And Development Of The Product Life Cycle Concept, Gregory E. Osland
Origins And Development Of The Product Life Cycle Concept, Gregory E. Osland
Gregory E. Osland
Underpinnings and recognition of the product life cycle concept are found in the writings of sociologists, anthropologists, economists, and marketers of the last two centuries. The fashion cycle and advertising spiral are antecedents of the well-known graphic form of the PLC that has been discussed for the last forty years.
Selecting International Modes Of Entry And Expansion, Gregory E. Osland, Charles R. Taylor, Shaoming Zou
Selecting International Modes Of Entry And Expansion, Gregory E. Osland, Charles R. Taylor, Shaoming Zou
Gregory E. Osland
Selecting a mode for entering or expanding in a foreign market is a crucial strategic decision for an international firm. This article identifies and compares the most influential factors that affect the international modes of entry and expansion decisions of US and Japanese firms. Using mail surveys, this is one of the first studies on this subject to collect data from top executives in both Japan and the USA. Findings reveal that the Japanese are particularly sensitive to external risk and other target market factors. For Americans, company factors, such as international experience, appear to be most important when selecting …
Lodge Selection And Satisfaction: Attributes Valued By Ecotourists, Robert D. Mackoy, Gregory E. Osland
Lodge Selection And Satisfaction: Attributes Valued By Ecotourists, Robert D. Mackoy, Gregory E. Osland
Gregory E. Osland
Although the ecotourism literature is growing rapidly, few researchers have systematically examined how ecotourists select and evaluate lodging alternatives. Understanding lodging attributes of importance to ecotourists is the first step in modelling lodge selection and satisfaction processes of interest to both managers and researchers. We report on the results of two studies designed to gather such attributes. Study 1 uses e-mail survey responses from dedicated birders, while Study 2 uses data from on-site interviews with visitors at ecolodges in Mexico, Costa Rica, and Ecuador. The two most-commonly mentioned attributes in both studies were “proximity to natural areas” and “cost.” These …
Education And Ecotourism: A Framework And Analysis Of Education In Ecolodges In Costa Rica And Panama, Gregory E. Osland, Robert D. Mackoy
Education And Ecotourism: A Framework And Analysis Of Education In Ecolodges In Costa Rica And Panama, Gregory E. Osland, Robert D. Mackoy
Gregory E. Osland
Education of tourists at nature-based lodges is an important but under-researched component of ecotourism. This paper proposes a framework that identifies and develops a typology of possible educational goals and activities in an ecotourism context. Using data from interviews and participant observation at fourteen leading ecolodges in Costa Rica and Panama, the paper describes, classifies and compares educational efforts directed toward ecolodge guests, with a particular emphasis on the role of nature guides in the educational process. Relationships among several educational goals, tourists' satisfaction, and views of the performance of nature guides are uncovered and explicated. Multiple managerial implications and …
Successful Operating Strategies In The Performance Of U.S.-China Joint Ventures, Gregory E. Osland
Successful Operating Strategies In The Performance Of U.S.-China Joint Ventures, Gregory E. Osland
Gregory E. Osland
Evaluations of the performance of international joint ventures (IJVs) in China have produced mixed conclusions. This study sought to uncover performance criteria used by various groups of managers and to identify critical factors in IJV performance in China. Using in-depth case studies, matched data were collected from personal interviews with managers from Chinese and U.S. parent companies, joint venture operating managers from both partners, and government officials from both countries. The performance criteria used by joint venture participants appear to be converging, with profitability emerging as the dominant element. This exploratory study uncovered four important strategic factors in the performance …
Foreign Market Entry Strategies Of Japanese Mncs, Charles R. Taylor, Shaoming Zou, Gregory E. Osland
Foreign Market Entry Strategies Of Japanese Mncs, Charles R. Taylor, Shaoming Zou, Gregory E. Osland
Gregory E. Osland
While much prior research has focused on Japanese multi‐national corporations’ (MNCs) marketing strategies, little is known about the factors that influence Japanese MNCs’ foreign market entry mode choice. In this study, a survey of Japanese MNCs is conducted in order to assess the factors that are the most influential in the foreign market entry decisions of Japanese MNCs. Using bargaining power theory, eight factors are identified in the study. The findings indicate that five of the eight factors (stake of the host country, need for local contribution, riskiness of the host country, resource commitment, and host government restrictions) are significant …
Ancillary Revenue And Price Fairness: An Exploratory Study Pre & Post Flight, Blaise P. Waguespack, Tamilla Curtis
Ancillary Revenue And Price Fairness: An Exploratory Study Pre & Post Flight, Blaise P. Waguespack, Tamilla Curtis
Dr. Tamilla Curtis
The growing impact of Ancillary Revenue on consumer choice and shopping behavior continues to be a highly debated issue. In the US, the Department of Transportation (DOT) has stepped into the debate and is investigating the possibility of new rules on how airlines must report and display such ancillary offerings. While the DOT collects data, reports on the amount of ancillary revenue earned by the airlines continue to rise. Examining past research on price fairness from the marketing literature and the impact of revenue management on price fairness from the aviation literature, this article joins new research appearing on the …
Case Study: Sexism In Advertising And Airlines, Tamilla Curtis, Anke Arnaud Ph.D., Blaise Waguespack
Case Study: Sexism In Advertising And Airlines, Tamilla Curtis, Anke Arnaud Ph.D., Blaise Waguespack
Dr. Tamilla Curtis
This case study outlines an ethical dilemma faced by a young female student who is planning to buy airline tickets. Her purchase decision is influenced by cost and advertising strategies. The case discusses advertising ethics, ethical moral philosophies, including teleology and deontology, and sexist advertising with examples from the airline industry. This case will be beneficial for marketing students to discuss the topic of advertising ethics, and for business students to discuss the topic of organizational ethics. Students enrolling in aviation related classes will also benefit from this case. The teaching notes for instructors are available upon request.
Take Two Tablets And Do Not Call For Judicial Review Until Our Heads Clear: The Supreme Court Prepares To Demolish The 'Wall Of Separation' Between Church And State, Terence Lau, William Wines
Take Two Tablets And Do Not Call For Judicial Review Until Our Heads Clear: The Supreme Court Prepares To Demolish The 'Wall Of Separation' Between Church And State, Terence Lau, William Wines
Terence Lau
In this article, we examine the issues that bring First Amendment jurisprudence to the grant of certiorari in Pleasant Grove v. Summum, scheduled for oral argument in the Supreme Court of the United States in November. We examine the historical basis for America’s religious heritage, the historical judicial treatment of the religious clauses, and the erosion of the wall of separation between church and state. We examine the Ten Commandments, finding inherent discrimination present in modern-day attempts to advance a particular version of the Ten Commandments as secular. By drawing upon Rousseau’s civic religion, we suggest alternative routes for the …
Attitudes Toward And Behavioral Intentions To Adopt Mobile Marketing: Comparisons Of Gen Y In The United States, France And China, Rebecca Wells, Catherine E. Kleshinski, Terence Lau
Attitudes Toward And Behavioral Intentions To Adopt Mobile Marketing: Comparisons Of Gen Y In The United States, France And China, Rebecca Wells, Catherine E. Kleshinski, Terence Lau
Terence Lau
The rapid global diffusion of mobile marketing makes it increasingly important to understand cross-‐cultural consumer attitudes and behavioral intentions toward mobile marketing as a promotional channel. By building on the previously published research of Altuna and Konuk (2009), this work investigates the attitudes and behavioral intentions toward mobile marketing of Generation Y consumers in the United States, France, and China. Based on this analysis, Chinese Gen Y have the most positive attitude toward mobile marketing, and their overall attitude is significantly more positive than the attitudes of French and American Gen Y groups. While American Gen Y's behavioral intentions are …
Beyond Downton Abbey: Remembering The Great War's Fallen Through Education And Marketing, Nina M. Ray Ph.D., Andrew T. Mink
Beyond Downton Abbey: Remembering The Great War's Fallen Through Education And Marketing, Nina M. Ray Ph.D., Andrew T. Mink
Nina M. Ray
This paper explores the expanding marketing and education mission of the American Battle Monuments Commission (AMBC). Superintendents at overseas cemeteries and battle sites must continue their job of “keeping the headstones white and the grass green” but also must market specific events such as the 70th anniversary of D-Day at the Normandy location and an upcoming 100th anniversary of the end of the Great War in 2018. Part if the effort is passing the memory on to the next generation via materials relevant to young people today. U.S. history teachers who received ABMC grants to travel to Meuse-Argonne in France …
Commemoration And Poppies: Cambridge, And Other American Battle Monuments Commission Cemeteries’ Mission On Anniversary Years, Nina M. Ray, Andy T. Mink
Commemoration And Poppies: Cambridge, And Other American Battle Monuments Commission Cemeteries’ Mission On Anniversary Years, Nina M. Ray, Andy T. Mink
Nina M. Ray
"The English language does not have the words to describe something as powerful as this1" Around the beginning of August 2014, the grassy moat around the Tower of London became a field of red ceramic poppies to commemorate the centenary of World War I. As Remembrance Day (Veterans Day, in the United States) on November 11 approached, millions travelled from all over the London area, the country, and indeed the world, to view 'Blood Swept Lands and Seas of Red.' This display became so popular that the Mayor of London, as well as the leaders of the three major political …
The Changing Climate Of Black Hair Care: Marketing To Natural Consumers, Jasmin Joseph, Undergraduate Program
The Changing Climate Of Black Hair Care: Marketing To Natural Consumers, Jasmin Joseph, Undergraduate Program
McDonough Research Journal
This study is a comprehensive analysis of the black hair care industry and the changes within it as a result of an increase in consumers with “natural hair,” that is, those embracing their natural hair texture as opposed to manipulating it permanently by chemical means. Rapid changes in technology have changed the way consumers engage with product offerings and lowered barriers to entry for new brands. As a result, the historical points of parity and overall branding methodology within black hair and beauty products have drastically changed and manifested in the form of declining sales for over 75% of the …
Framing The Game: Assessing The Impact Of Cultural Representations On Consumer Perceptions Of Legitimacy, Ashlee Humphreys, Kathryn A. Latour
Framing The Game: Assessing The Impact Of Cultural Representations On Consumer Perceptions Of Legitimacy, Ashlee Humphreys, Kathryn A. Latour
Kathryn A. LaTour
No abstract provided.
Impact Of Internet And Social Media On Organisational Change Of Otc Medicines Marketing Management, Vasja Roblek
Impact Of Internet And Social Media On Organisational Change Of Otc Medicines Marketing Management, Vasja Roblek
Vasja Roblek
Pharmaceutical companies have been forced to change their approach to selling over-the-counter (OTC) medicines because of the increased pressure on sales margins. The development of Web 2.0, Web 3.0, and social media technologies allow low-cost online marketing, including e-commerce. An organisational adaptation has to cope with the changes in the OTC drug market is required because of the widespread use of the internet and social media. The increased importance of digital media for marketing has convinced the OTC medical industry to include the use of social media in its customer relationship management strategy. Qualitative research on the impact of the …
Gali To Globe: Business Model Evolution At Ganesh Bhel & Chaat Products Pvt Ltd, Dipanjay Jayant Bhalerao
Gali To Globe: Business Model Evolution At Ganesh Bhel & Chaat Products Pvt Ltd, Dipanjay Jayant Bhalerao
Dipanjay Jayant Bhalerao
“Pune tithe Kay Une(Nothing is less in Pune)” this was the line echoing in the mind of Mr. Dinesh Gudmewar, young budding entrepreneur in the food service retailing business of bhel .This young son of the Mr. Ramesh Gudmewar ,Founder of Ganesh Bhel, had just taken over as the next gen of Ganesh Bhel, Pune. Mr. Ramesh had developed the business of the Bhelpuri (the popular traditional Indian tasty & spicy fast food category) with the skill sets and hard work through these years. But Dinesh was enthusiastic about taking this business to next level like many big names in …
The Existence And Perception Of Redundancy In Consumer Information Environments, Michael D. Johnson, Jerome M. Katrichis
The Existence And Perception Of Redundancy In Consumer Information Environments, Michael D. Johnson, Jerome M. Katrichis
Michael D. Johnson
Two studies are reported which examine the existence of attribute redundancy as well as consumers' ability to perceive attribute redundancy in consumer information environments. The results of the first study suggest that attribute redundancy varies widely from product category to product category. The results of the second study suggest that consumers' ability to perceive attribute relationships improves with product knowledge. Unexpected was an observed U-shaped relationship between consumers' perceptions of attribute redundancy and attribute knowledge. Together the results suggest a number of policy implications regarding the value of consumer information programs.
The Effects Of Fatigue On Judgments Of Interproduct Similarity, Michael D. Johnson, Donald R. Lehmann, David A. Horne
The Effects Of Fatigue On Judgments Of Interproduct Similarity, Michael D. Johnson, Donald R. Lehmann, David A. Horne
Michael D. Johnson
Similarity scaling often requires subjects to produce such a large number of judgments that fatigue may become a problem. Yet it remains unclear just how respondent fatigue affects similarity perceptions and resulting judgments. The present study uses a categorization perspective to examine the effects of fatigue on similarity judgments. The results suggest that subjects rely increasingly on category membership as they progress through a similarity judgment task.
Attribute Abstraction, Feature-Dimensionality, And The Scaling Of Product Similarities, Michael D. Johnson, Donald R. Lehmann, Claes Fornell, David A. Horne
Attribute Abstraction, Feature-Dimensionality, And The Scaling Of Product Similarities, Michael D. Johnson, Donald R. Lehmann, Claes Fornell, David A. Horne
Michael D. Johnson
This paper examines the attributes that consumers use when making product similarity judgments and their effect on similarity scaling. Previous research suggests that concrete brands are judged using dichotomous features while more abstract product categories are judged using continuous dimensions. This, in turn, suggests that the appropriateness of spatial scaling increases relative to tree scaling as one moves from brands to product categories. The results of two studies support an increase in the fit of spaces relative to trees from brands to categories. However, the abstractness of the judgments appears to be driving the effect, not the use of features …
The Effect Of Customer Information During New Product Development On Profits From Goods And Services, Lars Witell, Anders Gustafsson, Michael D. Johnson
The Effect Of Customer Information During New Product Development On Profits From Goods And Services, Lars Witell, Anders Gustafsson, Michael D. Johnson
Michael D. Johnson
Purpose – This study aims to investigate how customer information obtained at different phases of a new product development (NPD) process influences profits from new offerings. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was conducted in the context of NPD in goods and services. A unique database was constructed that merged key informant survey responses with financial data for 244 firms. This database was used to replicate and extend previous research by posing a number of hypotheses regarding the role of obtaining customer information in NPD. Findings – The results show that obtaining customer information during NPD influences the profits from new offerings, …
A Within-Attribute Model Of Variety-Seeking Behavior, Michael D. Johnson, Andreas Herrmann, Jens Gutsche
A Within-Attribute Model Of Variety-Seeking Behavior, Michael D. Johnson, Andreas Herrmann, Jens Gutsche
Michael D. Johnson
Existing models view variety seeking as the result of differences in the level of attribute satiation across attributes. An alternative within-attribute variety-seeking (WAVS) model is proposed. The model posits that variety seeking occurs among the nested features, or meaningful value ranges, of an underlying dimension. The resulting pattern of consumption is represented as an oscillation about a consumer's ideal point on the dimension. An empirical study that illustrates different oscillation patterns is reported.
The Locus Of Context Effects On Product Proximity Judgments, Lauren Goldberg Block, Michael D. Johnson
The Locus Of Context Effects On Product Proximity Judgments, Lauren Goldberg Block, Michael D. Johnson
Michael D. Johnson
Tversky's (Tversky, A., 1977. Features of similarity. Psychological Review 84, 327–352) contrast model of similarity is used to examine the locus of two contextual effects on product judgments. More familiar stimuli may be perceived as more similar as well as more dissimilar than less familiar stimuli. Priming subjects' product knowledge should, meanwhile, increase the similarity of brands but decrease the similarity of categories. We argue that both of these context effects should be more prominent among the moderately proximal stimuli in any given set. Two studies, one examining the similarity/dissimilarity effect and one examining priming effects, support this conclusion. The …
A Review Of Consumer Judgment And Choice, Michael D. Johnson, Christopher P. Puto
A Review Of Consumer Judgment And Choice, Michael D. Johnson, Christopher P. Puto
Michael D. Johnson
Whether the goal is to improve or predict consumer decisions, understanding human judgment and choice processes long has been recognized as an essential component in the study of marketing. Though several reviews of judgment and choice research have been published recently (Abelson and Levi 1985; Einhom and Hogarth 1981; Pitz and Sachs 1984; Slovic, Lichtenstein, and Fischhoff 1985), relatively little attention has been given to the growing body of knowledge on consumer (including industrial buyer) judgment and choice. Consumer judgment and choice researchers face unique conceptual, contextual, and methodological problems that warrant special attention.
The Evolution Of Loyalty Intentions, Michael D. Johnson, Andreas Herrmann, Frank Huber
The Evolution Of Loyalty Intentions, Michael D. Johnson, Andreas Herrmann, Frank Huber
Michael D. Johnson
The drivers of customer loyalty intentions are dynamic. What remains unclear is how these intentions evolve through the introduction and growth phases of a life cycle. Using a longitudinal study of cellular phone customers, the authors demonstrate that loyalty intentions are a function of perceived value early in the life cycle. Over time, more affective attitudes toward the brand and the relationship with the company come to mediate the effects of value on intentions. The results suggest that from the introduction to the growth stage of a life cycle, managers must adapt from improving value per se to measuring and …
Customer Portfolio Management: Toward A Dynamic Theory Of Exchange Relationships, Michael D. Johnson, Fred Selnes
Customer Portfolio Management: Toward A Dynamic Theory Of Exchange Relationships, Michael D. Johnson, Fred Selnes
Michael D. Johnson
Management of an entire portfolio of customers who are at different relationship stages requires a dynamic theory of exchange relationships that captures the trade-offs between scale economies and lifetime customer value. This article contributes to the understanding of relationship management by developing a typology of exchange relationship mechanisms and a model of relationship dynamics and by simulating the model to provide guidelines for customer portfolio management. An important insight from the research is that a key to the creation of value through closer relationships lies in bringing weaker relationships into a portfolio in the first place. Another insight is that …
Rational And Adaptive Performance Expectations In A Customer Satisfaction Framework, Michael D. Johnson, Eugene W. Anderson, Claes Fornell
Rational And Adaptive Performance Expectations In A Customer Satisfaction Framework, Michael D. Johnson, Eugene W. Anderson, Claes Fornell
Michael D. Johnson
This article develops and tests alternative models of market-level expectations, perceived product performance, and customer satisfaction. Market performance expectations are argued to be largely rational in nature yet adaptive to changing market conditions. Customer satisfaction is conceptualized as a cumulative construct that is affected by market expectations and performance perceptions in any given period and is affected by past satisfaction from period to period. An empirical study that supports adaptive market expectations and stable market satisfaction using data from the Swedish Customer Satisfaction Barometer is reported.