Business Commons^™

Customers’ Goal-Related Behavior In Loyalty Programs, Junzhou Zhang

Junzhou Zhang

Goal plays a vital role in the purposive behavior of consumers, and goal pursuit represents an important psychological mechanism under loyalty programs. The purpose of my dissertation is to understand loyalty program members’ goal pursuit behavior and uncover the underlying psychological mechanisms.

The first essay examined how success or failure to achieve a tier goal affects consumers’ subsequent goal pursuit behavior. Specifically, utilizing two lab experiments and 5,719 customers’ flight activities data from a major airline’s multi-tiered frequent flyer program, this essay studied the effect of goal completion magnitude on individuals’ effort toward achieving subsequent goals, and how goal type …

The Effects Of Immediate And Delayed Payments On Consumption Behavior, Arvind Agrawal

Arvind Agrawal

Payment-timing is conceptualized as a payment instrument focal characteristic to explain differences in consumers’ purchasing behavior when they chose to pay-now versus pay-later. Payment-timing preferences represent consumers’ attitudes, beliefs, and motivation for delaying marketing transactions. Cash, debit cards, and online banking represented consumers’ preferences to pay-now, while credit cards and loans represented the inclination to pay-later.

There were two key findings: Firstly, I present payment-timing models that theorize consumers’ choice of payment types with differences in payment-timing and motivations to pay for purchases. Two models are presented that unify the following attitudes and motivations: (1) five attitudinal antecedents to consumers’ …

Supply Chain Collaboration: A Literature Review And Empirical Analysis To Investigate Uncertainty And Collaborative Benefits In Regards To Their Practical Impact On Collaboration And Performance, Peter Ralston

Peter Ralston

This dissertation investigates supply chain collaboration. Supply chain collaboration is defined as a long-term relationship where participants generally cooperate, share information, and work together to plan and even modify their business practices to improve joint performance (Whipple et al., 2010). Analyzing supply chain collaboration provides researchers further understanding of the concept as we seek to move the body of knowledge related to supply chain collaboration forward. Investigating supply chain collaboration delivers practical value to firm managers by seeking methods to increase supply chain collaboration success, identifying what factors lead to, or are generated from, successful collaboration, and determining firm performance …

Impact Of Life-Cycle Costs Threshold Criteria In The Alternate Design Pavement Bidding Practices Of Public Transportation Agencies, Ilker Karaca, Douglas Gransberg, Ashley F. Buss

Ilker Karaca

This paper proposes a model that enables Department of Transportation (DOT) policy makers to quantify the expected volume of projects that will qualify for letting in their alternate design/alternate bid (ADAB) pavement bidding programs. Current guidance on alternate bidding recommends a fixed percentage as the life cycle cost (LCC) threshold criterion to determine whether pavement selection decisions should be made through ADAB bidding practices. The paper’s analysis shows that the fixed LCC threshold percentage approach may have considerable shortcomings. Instead, a dynamic threshold value is proposed that can subsequently be calibrated by agencies, based on the desired size of their …

The Influence Of Organizational Culture And Conflict On Market Orientation, Rex Evans Mcclure

Rex McClure

This study examines the relationship between organizational change initiatives and market orientation. Considering the strategic approach to organizational change, a number of key behavioral variables can be affected, which in turn affect market orientation. Data were collected from 253 mid-level managers in marketing-related positions. The results suggest that convergent change, or classic downsizing, had no significant effect on market orientation or the mediating variables. Change initiatives directed reorienting affected market orientation in a positive way, though mediated by organizational commitment, trust, and internal communication.

Passport To Student Engagement, Eric A. Kowalik, Elisa Coghlan, Kate Otto, Taylor Ralph

Eric A. Kowalik

Grosir Kaos Terbaru Dan Terpopuler Di Indonesia – Wa 0881 9500 409.Docx, Konveksi Kaos Surabaya Kota

Konveksi Kaos Surabaya Kota

Online Doctoral Students At A Faith-Based University: Concerns Of Online Education, Kelly Price-Rhea, Julia Price, Deborah Hayes

Kelly Price-Rhea

Online doctoral education enrollment continues to rise, and the number of academic institutions who offer the degrees are increasing proportionately. Various types of institutions are involved in this growth, including those that are faith-based. Due to the competitive nature of all online doctoral degrees, including faith-based and secular programs, it is imperative to understand the needs and concerns of the students who enroll in such programs. Students enrolled in a faith-based university online doctoral program were surveyed regarding their concerns about online doctoral education. The results revealed three main themes of concerns/non-concerns, and these results could be beneficial to faith-based …

The Effects Of Visuals On Social Media Engagement Poster, Katherine Penkala

Katherine Penkala

No abstract provided.

Reaching Out: Expanding Your Library’S Online Presence Using Online Tools, Erin Gow

Erin Gow

The article offers information on expanding the online presence of a library, with examples from the law library at the University of Louisville. Topics discussed include using social media to reach the target audience, generating content, and developing a brand.

Menembus Pasar Dunia Dengan Internet Marketing Dan Media Sosial.Pdf, Dwi Wahyudi

Dwi Wahyudi

Judi Poker Online Dengan Uang Asli.Docx, Sekilas Poker

Sekilas Poker

Agen Poker Online Indonesia Terpercaya.Docx, Luna Maya

Luna Maya

Americans, Marketers, And The Internet: 1999-2012, Joseph Turow, Amy Bleakley, John Bracken, Michael X. Delli Carpini, Nora A. Draper, Lauren Feldman, Nathaniel Good, Jens Grossklags, Michael Hennessy, Chris Jay Hoofnagle, Rowan Howard-Williams, Jennifer King, Su Li, Kimberly Meltzer, Deirdre K. Mulligan, Lilach Nir

Chris Jay Hoofnagle

This is a collection of the reports on the Annenberg national surveys that explored Americans' knowledge and opinions about the new digital-marketing world that was becoming part of their lives. So far we’ve released seven reports on the subject, in 1999, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2010, and 2012. The reports raised or deepened a range of provocative topics that have become part of public, policy, and industry discourse. In addition to these reports, I’ve included three journal articles — from I/S, New Media & Society and the Journal of Consumer Affairs — that synthesize some of the findings and place …

Collective Action And Market Formation: An Integrative Framework, Brandon Lee, Jeroen Struben, Christopher B. Bingham

Brandon Lee

Sponsoring The Professional Sales Program: A Win-Win For Students And Companies, Louis J. Zmich, Mark D. Groza, Mya Groza

Louis Zmich

Membangun Bisnis Online Via Internet.Pdf, Dwi Wahyudi

Dwi Wahyudi

The Creation, Care & Feeding Of A Marketing Plan, Karen M. Robinson M.A., M.L.S.

Karen M. Robinson

No abstract provided.

Making Choices While Smelling, Tasting, And Listening: The Role Of Sensory (Dis)Similarity When Sequentially Sampling Products, Dipayan Biswas, Lauren Labrecque, Donald R. Lehmann, Ereni Markos

Lauren Labrecque

Marketers are increasingly allowing consumers to sample sensory-rich experiential products before making purchase decisions. The results of seven experimental studies (two conducted in field settings, three conducted in a laboratory, and two conducted online) demonstrate that the order in which consumers sample products and the level of (dis)similarity between the sensory cues of the products influence choices. In the absence of any moderators, when sampling a sequence of sensory-rich experiential products (e.g., fragrances, chocolates, flavored beverages, music) with similar sensory cues (e.g., smell, taste, color, sound), consumers prefer the first product in the sequence. However, when sampling a sequence of …

Bandarq Agen Sakong Judi Aduq Capsa Bandar Poker Bddomino, Luna Maya

Luna Maya

World Cup 2014: Macromarketing Views From Croatia, Clifford J. Shultz

Clifford J Shultz

309 World Cup 2014: Macromarketing Views from Croatia Bruno Grbac, University of Rijeka, Croatia Clifford Shultz, Loyola University Chicago, USA This extended abstract is an abriged version of a longer document articulating a study on the effects of the FIFA World Cup, an organizationally, financially, economically and politically demanding quadrennial sporting spectacle that affects billions of global citizens. This reality raises questions about the effects of the World Cup on the marketing system of the host country and the participating countries, as well as institutions and people in them. As a step toward sharing insights the authors analyzed secondary data …

Revisiting Marketing As Constructive Engagement: Linking Policies And Managerial Practices, Clifford J. Shultz

Clifford J Shultz

Policies that initiate or support responsible micromarketing institutions and practices can be some of the most important catalysts to socioeconomic development and sustainable peace and prosperity, particularly in distressed or devastated political economies. Such polices and the accordant positive marketing forces might be considered a form of constructive engagement. The consideration of constructive engagement, including the idea that managerial marketing can be complementary to macromarketing, is gaining currency among some macromarketers, and is explored in this presentation. The author discusses some evolving successful cases from fieldwork in developing, devastated, transitioning and/or recovering economies.

War, Civil Unrest, Failed States, And Other Extreme Threats To Marketing Systems, Clifford J. Shultz, Samer Abdelnour

Clifford J Shultz

Well-functioning markets and marketing systems are intended to enhance and to sustain the survivability and security of societies and the people who comprise them (e.g., Fisk 1967; Layton 2007; McMillen 2002; Shultz 2007; Wilkie and Moore 1999; World Bank 2014). For myriad reasons – natural or human-induced cataclysms and resource scarcity to list a few examples – marketing systems sometimes are disrupted or fracture (e.g., Shultz 1997; in press). This can have profound and often horrific effects on individuals, families, communities, countries, regions, and occasionally – at least twice in the form of two World Wars – global upheaval. The …

The Fifa World Cup: Analyses And Interpretations Of The World’S Biggest Sporting Spectacle, Clifford J. Shultz, Rodrigo Castilhos, Andres Alberto Barrios Fajardo, Bruno Grbac, Andreas Chatzidakis, Alexander Nill, Almir Peštek

Clifford J Shultz

This special session assembles scholars from various countries with keen interests in the marketing and societal dynamics of the world’s most popular sporting spectacle, the FIFA World Cup. It builds on a stream of research in, for example, ethology (e.g., Morris 1981) economics (e.g., Kuper and Szymanski 2014) consumer behavior (e.g., Shultz 1998; Tavassoli, Shultz and Fitzimons 1995), marketing (e.g., Shultz et al. 2010) and macromarketing (Shultz and Burgess 2011) that explores the systemic complexities of this enormous, global extravaganza and the extent to which it benefits and/or harms myriad players, fans, local and global consumers, companies, governments, societies and …

Marketing An End To War: Constructive Engagement, Community Wellbeing, And Sustainable Peace, Clifford J. Shultz

Clifford J Shultz

Markets and marketing are integral to human welfare and survival. When used however for the purposes of war and other systemically violent conflict, they can be devastating and pose an existential threat to humanity. Drawing on experience in war-ravaged and recovering economies, the author examines a stream of research on marketing systems disrupted or destroyed by war. Some underlying conditions and predictors of war and its peaceful resolution are introduced, including social traps and their mitigation or elimination. An argument is revisited for marketing as a form of constructive engagement, which must be implemented to affect and to develop equitable …

Male Breadwinner Ideology And The Inclination To Establish Market Relationships: Model Development Using Data From Germany And A Mixed-Methods Research Strategy, Michaela Haase, Ingrid Becker, Alexander Nill, Clifford J. Shultz Ii, James W. Gentry

Clifford J Shultz

A pattern found in many marketing systems, “male breadwinning,” is contingent upon overlapping and shared ideologies, which influence the economic organization and thus the type and number of relationships in those systems. Implementing a mixed-methods research methodology, this article continues and extends previous work in macromarketing on the interplay of markets, ideology, socio-economic organization, and family. A qualitative study illuminated the main ideologies behind male breadwinning and a model was developed to advance the theoretical analysis of the phenomenon of male breadwinning. An experiment in the form of a vignette study was subsequently designed and administered. The qualitative study and …

Devastation And Rebirth: A Longitudinal Study Of Bosnia’S Arizona Market, With Implications For Markets, Marketing And Society, Ruzica Brecic, Clifford J. Shultz, Katherine Sredl, Natasa Renko

Clifford J Shultz

In this presentation, we share findings from a longitudinal study—twenty years and counting—on the role of Arizona in the war and the peace in this highly contested region of Bosnia. Data were/are collected via site observations and retrospective interviews to explore the emergence of entrepreneurship in Brčko, Bosnia before, during and after the war. A synthesis and assessment of findings led to the exploration of the ways that the terms of Dayton and the implementation of Dayton by NATO IFOR, Task Force Eagle, 1st Armored Division (November and December 1995) and 1st Infantry Division (1996-2004), US Army, contributed to the …

Situs Judi Online Poker Online Casino Togel Bola Qq188.Com.Docx, Linda Sukamawati

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Lighting The Flame Of Entrepreneurship Among Agribusiness Students, Christiane Schroeter, Lindsey Higgins, Carlyn Wright

Christiane Schroeter

A Study Of Golfers In Tennessee, Kelly Price-Rhea

Kelly Price-Rhea

The purpose of this study was to investigate preferred shopping behaviors of golfers in the state of Tennessee. While much research has been done on retail shopping behavior in general, little exists regarding shopping behavior in sport retail, and more specifically golf retail. While golfer behavior has been researched in other areas such as tourism, it has not been fully researched in the sport or retail literature. Since this segment of consumer spends millions of dollars per year, this study was conducted to fill the gap in the literature regarding this unique consumer. An online survey was distributed among a …