Business Commons^™

Eye-Tracking Benchmark Of Retail Grocery Packaging, Julie R. Suggs, Andrew Hurley, Paul Dawson, William S. Whiteside, Sarah F. Griffin

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Eye-tracking technology allows researchers from a wide array of disciplines to capture consumers’ viewing patterns and provides insight into where people look, when they look at something, and how long they look at it. Eye tracking can help investigate the subconscious considerations of consumers and can facilitate a wide range of research, especially in conjunction with other forms of data collection. The availability of eye-tracking technology has increased in the last decade, leading to more companies using this as their primary avenue for market research and consumer insight endeavors. Despite the popularity of eye-tracking technology, there have been few reports …

Gastro-Tourism Well-Being: The Interplays Of Salient And Enduring Determinants, Muhammet Kesgin, Irfan Onal, Ihsan Kazkondu, Muzaffer Uysal

Articles

Purpose-This research developed and tested an integrated structural gastro-tourism well-being model consisting of food-related lifestyle and leisure attitude as precursor of the consumption enjoyment of the gastro-tourism experience with satisfaction, life domain outcomes, tourism autobiographical memory and life satisfaction as outcomes of the consumption enjoyment. Design/methodology/approach – The conceptual model was assessed with quantitative data collected from tourists based on their deliberate and incidental gastro-tourism experiences (N=617). Findings – Findings indicated that enjoyment of gastro-tourism consumption experience significantly influences satisfaction, life domain outcomes, life satisfaction, and tourism autobiographical memory. Life domain outcomes and tourism autobiographical memory have enduring influence on …

Profiling Food Festivals By Type, Name And Descriptive Content: A Population Level Study, Muhammet Kesgin, Rajendran S. Murthy, Rick Lagiewski

Articles

Purpose: This research aims to classify and describe food festivals and examine the patterns in food festival naming and festival descriptions in online media. Design: This research represents the first population-level empirical examination of food festivals in the United States using a purpose-built dataset (N=2626). Methodology includes text mining to examine food festival communications. Findings: Food festival size varies across local and regional spheres within the country. Food festivals employ geographical (place-, destination-based) associations in their names. Food festivals’ descriptions and online communications showcase a welcoming environment predominantly emphasizing family-oriented and live entertainment experiences. Food festivals across the country show …

Making Memories: A Consumer-Based Model Of Authenticity Applied To Living History Sites, Muhammet Kesgin, Babak Taheri, Rajendran S. Murthy, Juilee Decker, Martin Joseph Gannon

Articles

Purpose: Underpinned by the consumer-based model of authenticity (CBA), this study investigated whether leisure involvement, object-based and existential authenticity, host sincerity, and engagement stimulate positive memorable visitor experiences in a distinctive commercial hospitality setting: a living history site. Methodology: Quantitative data were gathered from living history site visitors (n=1004), with partial least squares structural equation modelling used to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings: The results confirm the inclusion of the hypothesized relationships between leisure involvement, sincerity, and authenticity, relative to engagement and subsequent memorability. The findings suggest that engagement can be a predictor of positive memorable experience, contingent on CBA …

Dialogue Marketing: Ecological Sustainability Of Letter And E-Mail In Comparison In Germany, Atilla Wohllebe

Journal of Environmental Sustainability

With the spread of the Internet, e-mail has also steadily gained in relevance over the past years and decades. Especially in the form of newsletters, e-mail marketing is probably the most important channel of digital dialogue marketing today. This paper examines the carbon dioxide emissions of advertising e-mails in Germany on the basis of existing sources and compares them with the emissions caused by sending letters by post. Despite significantly lower CO2 emissions per piece compared to a letter, e-mails seem to be a much greater burden on the environment due to their practically unlimited scalability in terms of cost. …

The Conjoint Effect Of Front-Label Claims’ Surface Size And Distance-To-Center On Customers’ Visual Attention And Emotional Response, Ana Isabel Rodríguez-Escudero, Pilar Carbonell, Pablo Moreno-Albaladejo

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

The research purpose is to develop a better understanding on how two claim characteristics, surface size and distance-to-center, affect customers’ attention and emotional responses.The study is based on information obtained from 42 shoppers from a retail chain in Great Britain. Visual attention is measured using an eye-tracking methodology and customers’ emotions by electrodermal activity (EDA), a common indicator of autonomic nervous system (ANS). Our research reveals that, for claims located close to the center of the label, increases in surface size compensate for the attention loss associated with moving the claim further off the center. However, for peripheral product claims, …

Comparison Of Organic Food Packaging In Denmark, Finland, Germany, Great Britain And Italy, Sara Paunonen, Marja Pitkänen, Mika Vähä-Nissi, Ville Leminen, Mika Kainusalmi

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

The objective of this study was to provide a snapshot of organic food assortments in supermarkets in Denmark, Finland, Germany, Great Britain, and Italy, and compare the packages used for five organic food products (eggs, meat, fish, mushrooms, berries). In addition, a comparison was made between packaging for regular and organic whole eggs. The highest number of organic products was found in the Danish supermarket. The main difference between the countries was in the use of national organic logos. Of the different food products, egg cartons had the most variation in materials and visual design. In all countries the product …

Residents As Destination Advocates: The Role Of Attraction Familiarity On Destination Image, Muhammet Kesgin, Rajendran S. Murthy, Linden Pohland

Articles

Purpose – Emphasizing the role of residents as destination advocates, this study investigates the influence of residents’ familiarity with, and, favorability of attractions on destination image. Design/methodology/approach – A mixed methods research strategy was employed using fifteen individual in-depth interviews and a survey questionnaire with a sample of N=364. The study utilizes an attraction familiarity index to classify respondents into four groups based on high, average, and low familiarity and examines the characteristics of each in the relationship between informational familiarity, experiential familiarity, and favorability and destination image. Findings – The study reveals resident perceptions of attractions within the tourism …

Visual Brand Identity Of Food Products: A Customer’S Perspective, Panagiota Moutaftsi Ms, Panagiotis Kyratsis Dr

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Purpose – The aim of this research is to explore the benefits of a customer based approach on food packaging design. A case study of a small production honey brand is used.

Design/methodology/approach – For the design process, a survey that involved visual elements was conducted as an online questionnaire. The final size of the sample consists of 285 questionnaires.

Findings – The research findings indicate that packaging is a great influencer for consumers and the synergy of consumers with companies can be a catalyst for the product design process resulting in package designs, which engage potential customers and drive …

Impact Of Innovation Variables On Quality Of Pharmaceutical Products Packaging, Solmaz Sadat Naghavi Alhosseini, Habibollah Danai, Mehdi Nassaji Kamrani

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Emergence of new demands in consumers due to changes in consumption habits and patterns and also increased awareness of health issues among consumers can pose the need to provide new and innovative packaging. Innovation in packaging, in addition to product introduction, has been the main factor to differentiate product from competitors' offerings, and has played an important role in marketing, whilst is considered as the main selling factor. On the other hand, given the economic conditions today, quality is a crucial component in the packaging and appears to be a prerequisite for entering the labor market.

This study aimed to …

Consumer Perceptions Towards Package Designs: A Cross Cultural Study, Romica Chandra Lal, Fritz Yambrach, Lucy Mcproud

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

The choice of one package or the other can be an economic decision or can be influenced by cultural acceptance or perception of individual convenience. Product package systems can be designed for one-time use or multiple-use purposes. Package perceptions in different countries typically develop from a variety of factors, including climate, lifestyle, and cultural acceptance with regard to particular products. In an increasingly global economy with multinational firms marketing products worldwide, it is important to understand the differences between consumer needs and consumer responses to product-package systems.

The objective of this research was to examine consumer perceptions of different product …

Consumer Perception Of Tactile Packaging: A Research Study On Preferences Of Soft Touch And Hi Rise Coatings In Cosmetic Packaging, Malcolm G. Keif Ph.D., Colleen Twomey, Andrea Stoneman

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

A choice-based conjoint study was conducted sampling 400 individuals to determine their preference for Soft Touch and raised tactile coatings, which are sometimes called Hi Rise or profile coatings. Soft Touch coatings have a velvety, warm feel to them, and Hi Rise coatings simulate embossing with a glossy appearance to them. Both are considered tactile coatings, engaging the sense of touch.

Demographic profile data, level of agreement about statements related to cosmetic packaging and packaging choice set selections were collected. The conjoint sets contained three attributes: design color, tactile coatings, and price.

Design choice was split. Approximately half of the …

The Impact Of Consumer Product Package Quality On Consumption Satisfaction, Brand Perceptions, Consumer Investment And Behavior, Jeffrey S. Hess Phd, Jay Singh, Lynn E. Metcalf, Jeffrey Danes Phd

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Consumer product packaging can serve a critical role in the consumption experience, but marketing and packaging science researchers focus primarily on pre and post-consumption aspects of consumer product containers. Exhaustive research into packing ergonomics, logistics, safety, sustainability and promotional features are common across marketing and packaging disciplines, but research isolating the role of a packaging in consumption satisfaction and enduring consumer-brand relationships is rare. In addition to an undervalued role in product satisfaction, functional isolation between marketing and packaging scientists limits packaging’s overall impact on the bottom line.

This research examines the role of bottle quality in bottled-water consumption satisfaction …