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Enhanced Breast Cancer Tumor Classification Using Mobilenetv2: A Detailed Exploration On Image Intensity, Error Mitigation, And Streamlit-Driven Real-Time Deployment, Aaditya Surya, Aditya Keshary Shah, Subash Tarun Sasikumar, Jarnell Kabore Apr 2024

Enhanced Breast Cancer Tumor Classification Using Mobilenetv2: A Detailed Exploration On Image Intensity, Error Mitigation, And Streamlit-Driven Real-Time Deployment, Aaditya Surya, Aditya Keshary Shah, Subash Tarun Sasikumar, Jarnell Kabore

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This research introduces a sophisticated transfer learning model based on Google’s MobileNetV2 for breast cancer tumor classification into normal, benign, and malignant categories, utilizing a dataset of 1576 ultrasound images (265 normal, 891 benign, 420 malignant). The model achieves an accuracy of 0.82, precision of 0.83, recall of 0.81, ROC-AUC of 0.94, PR-AUC of 0.88, and MCC of 0.74. It examines image intensity distributions and misclassification errors, offering improvements for future applications. Addressing dataset imbalances, the study ensures a generalizable model. This work, using a dataset from Baheya Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, compiled by Walid Al- Dhabyani and colleagues (2020), emphasizes …


Volume 9 Full Text, Bjur Staff Apr 2023

Volume 9 Full Text, Bjur Staff

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Effects Of Anthropogenic Noise On Body Mass In Gryllodes Sigillatus, Jessica L. Venturi, Joyce Zheng Apr 2023

Effects Of Anthropogenic Noise On Body Mass In Gryllodes Sigillatus, Jessica L. Venturi, Joyce Zheng

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

Insects use vibrational structures to produce and sense airborne sounds in intraspecific communication. These signals are important in courtship as well as defensive behavior against predators. For example, insects can detect the presence of nearby predators using vibrations. With an increase in anthropogenic activity, processing these signals and the constant threat they represent may increase stress on insects, subsequently affecting their behavior and physiology. Our experiment was designed to determine whether anthropogenic noise, possibly perceived as a stressor, will decrease the body mass of banded crickets, Gryllodes sigillatus. We predicted that the anthropogenic noise would stress the crickets, leading to …


Air Temperature And Diet Are Not Associated With Oxygen Consumption Rate In Banded Crickets, Gryllodes Sigillatus, Nicole Bailey, Connor Oakes, Rachel Sleeth, Mallorie Smith Apr 2023

Air Temperature And Diet Are Not Associated With Oxygen Consumption Rate In Banded Crickets, Gryllodes Sigillatus, Nicole Bailey, Connor Oakes, Rachel Sleeth, Mallorie Smith

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

All living organisms acclimate to their environments, with ectothermic species particularly susceptible to environmental change, specifically temperature. Ectothermic insects like crickets directly alter their physiological processes depending on the environment in which they live. Temperature is vital in regulating processes such as metabolism, respiration, and reproduction, among other things. What remains unclear is how a change in the environment, specifically extreme temperature change and dietary alterations, affects physiological processes. In this study, we performed experiments on ectothermic banded crickets to examine the effects of temperature change and the interaction of temperature and diet on oxygen consumption. For both experiments, we …


Truth, Not Accuracy: Native American Fiction Vs. White Settler Colonialism, Charles Democker Apr 2023

Truth, Not Accuracy: Native American Fiction Vs. White Settler Colonialism, Charles Democker

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

For centuries, depictions of Native American culture have largely been constructed by White authors and have thus reflected white settler colonialist ideology. This paper suggests that one way to counter this point of view when studying Native American history is to turn to fiction, specifically fiction written by Indigenous authors. Taking as an example Ojibwe author Louise Erdrich’s Plague of Doves, a novel based on the real-life massacre of a frontier family in the late nineteenth century, this paper argues that the creative fiction of Indigenous authors can counter the biased, incomplete, and often incorrect official histories of White–Native interactions. …


Bad Boy Bias: Linguistic Bias In The Law, Parth Sharma Apr 2023

Bad Boy Bias: Linguistic Bias In The Law, Parth Sharma

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This paper seeks to establish and put in use methodology capable of analyzing the significant linguistic bias found within American jurisprudence. It summarizes the limited preexisting empirical work done and adds a new original empirical study on linguistic bias in the courtroom. It examines a large number of cases through various software and examines the prevalence of certain labels (badges of bias). In doing so, this paper seeks to find the most common labels and seeks to determine the amount of emotional variability present within the courtroom. Based on these results, the paper provides recommendations, answering how best to efficiently …


Higher Education Students’ Perceptions Of Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Abby O’Bryant Apr 2023

Higher Education Students’ Perceptions Of Online Learning During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Abby O’Bryant

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This article focuses on the impacts of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on students at the University of Hawai‘i at Hilo. Using survey data (n = 64) and semistructured interviews with currently enrolled students (n = 17), key impacts of online learning on the student body were analyzed. The respondents reported disengagement in lectures, negative impacts on their mental and physical health, negative thoughts about dropping out and transferring, apprehension about the quality of course content, and dissatisfaction with tuition. The paper utilizes qualitative data analysis to report the findings.


The Physics Research Problem: A Brief Analysis Of Financial And Administrative Factors Relating To Recent Trends In Research Output In Physics In India, Varad Dhodapkar Apr 2023

The Physics Research Problem: A Brief Analysis Of Financial And Administrative Factors Relating To Recent Trends In Research Output In Physics In India, Varad Dhodapkar

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This paper attempts to view and interpret data from various sources such as the World Bank database, research and development (R&D) reports by the Indian government, Nature Index, Scopus index, and others to examine the effect that the various government financial initiatives and administrative features and policies concerning funding of institutions of higher attainment have had on India’s research output in the field of physics. In addition to this, the inconsistent standards of funding across various institutes of higher education, investment in R&D activities made by other nations in comparison to India, the share of physics research output of various …


Survival Of Deaf Jewish People During The Holocaust Era, Phyllis D. Rifkin Apr 2023

Survival Of Deaf Jewish People During The Holocaust Era, Phyllis D. Rifkin

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This project uses academic and personal research to explore the experiences of Deaf Jewish survivors of the Holocaust. The author is a member of the Deaf community and a Deaf Interpreter, as well as the daughter of a Deaf Jewish Holocaust survivor. She examines the construction of Deafness in the eugenics era and chronicles the stories of Deaf Jewish survivors. A recurring theme in these narratives is Deaf survivors’ strategic use of silence to facilitate survival.


Almost 30 Years Later: Anti-Femicide Activism In Mexico From 1993 To 2022, Kathryn Webb Apr 2023

Almost 30 Years Later: Anti-Femicide Activism In Mexico From 1993 To 2022, Kathryn Webb

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

What factors have influenced the strategies of the anti-femicide social movement, and what has this movement accomplished after continuously advocating for almost 30 years? Analyzing news articles, scholarly journals, books on social movements, and Twitter accounts, I argue that the inaction of the government was a root cause of the movement’s change in strategies, from peaceful petitions to highly visible vandalism, and that institutional barriers prevent progress on this issue even in the current day. I demonstrate that transnational activism through international institutions such as the United Nations had a limited impact on effecting domestic change but that using social …


Work-Life And Health Experiences Of Computer Science Faculty Parents Of Children With Developmental Disabilities During Covid-19, Molly Armstrong Apr 2023

Work-Life And Health Experiences Of Computer Science Faculty Parents Of Children With Developmental Disabilities During Covid-19, Molly Armstrong

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, parents of children with developmental disabilities (PCDD) had been shown to experience more stress than parents of children without developmental disabilities (non-PCDD). COVID-19 may have exacerbated difficulties for PCDD. To compare differences in COVID-19 experiences between PCDD and non-PCDD, 202 parents working as computer science (CS) faculty reported their experiences of mental health symptoms, physical health symptoms, work-life conflict levels as experienced during the pandemic, and any changes in their childcare responsibilities because of COVID-19. Participants completed surveys on their experiences during Fall 2020 and Spring 2021, the first academic year after the start of …


Agency Actualization And Artistic Awakening: The Poetic Rhetoric Of Freedom School Students, Eden Doyle Apr 2023

Agency Actualization And Artistic Awakening: The Poetic Rhetoric Of Freedom School Students, Eden Doyle

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This paper analyzes the rhetoric of poems written by Freedom School students in Mississippi amidst the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. Much of the rhetoric documented, explored, and valued from this era is of adults with the power and means to have their voices heard and respected; however, this paper argues the value of these students’ unique Black experience as one that is underexplored and greatly compelling. The social and political context surrounding the inception of Freedom Schools is discussed, as well as the need for further research and scholarship on the intellectual activity and rhetorical artifacts of the …


The Effects Of Covid-19-Induced Stress, Anxiety, And Depression On The Eating Behavior Of College Women, Natalie Simpson Apr 2023

The Effects Of Covid-19-Induced Stress, Anxiety, And Depression On The Eating Behavior Of College Women, Natalie Simpson

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

Increases in the prevalence of disordered eating patterns have been linked to distress and poor mental well-being. Additionally, COVID-19 has been linked to both depressive and anxious symptomatology, along with increased feelings of distress (Fitzpatrick et al., 2020). Because disordered eating is particularly prevalent among college-age women, this study sought to determine how depression, anxiety, and stress affect eating behaviors of college women in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. One hundred seventy-nine women, aged 18–24, at Butler University gave informed consent before completing a questionnaire pertaining to their demographics, their stress surrounding COVID, and their weight change since March …


An Evaluation Of Women’S Social Status In Colonial Hong Kong With A Feminist Lens - Case Studies, Heng Du Apr 2023

An Evaluation Of Women’S Social Status In Colonial Hong Kong With A Feminist Lens - Case Studies, Heng Du

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

Even though Hong Kong remained under British control from 1842 to 1997, denizens were not modernized in a way comparable to that of the British. To the contrary, while governing Hong Kong, British colonizers allowed continued reference to ancient Chinese customs in the area. Such policy diminished women’s chances of receiving fair treatment in matters such as property management and divorce. Unlike in Hong Kong, women were legislated to be parallel to men in matrimonial and property inheritance petitions in China, Britain, and colonial Singapore. This study is based on two exemplary cases judged by authorities in colonial Hong Kong. …


The Effect Of Covid-19 On Substance Use And Mental Health On A College Campus, Georgia L. Coffman Apr 2023

The Effect Of Covid-19 On Substance Use And Mental Health On A College Campus, Georgia L. Coffman

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

In this research, the author surveyed a university population to determine the impact that COVID-19 has had on substance use and mental health. Current research provides significant data indicating worsening mental health and substance use. This paper looks at how applicable those trends are to a small private university in Indianapolis, Indiana. The data included 261 respondents composed of students, faculty, and staff of the university. The results reveal that college students, faculty, and staff experienced statistically significant increases in feelings of unhappiness, depression, loneliness, hopelessness, agitation, and irritability during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic. Data analysis of …


Identifying Disinformation In Scholarly Publishing, Natalie M. Mclendon Apr 2023

Identifying Disinformation In Scholarly Publishing, Natalie M. Mclendon

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

This paper examines the pro-Confederacy movement’s attempt to distort history through textbook revision and the anti-vaccine movement’s attempt at legitimacy through Dr. Andrew Wakefield, to argue in favor of strengthened media literacy as a brace against the effects of disinformation and propaganda. Previous definitions of misinformation and disinformation overlap and are as yet unclear and therefore should be further studied. Lost Cause mythologists worked diligently to propagate school textbooks that portrayed skewed versions of history that cast Southern Confederates’ cause as noble and honorable while obscuring the real reason for the Civil War. Similarly, Dr. Andrew Wakefield falsified data to …


Table Of Contents And Front Matter, Bjur Staff Apr 2023

Table Of Contents And Front Matter, Bjur Staff

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Volume 8 Full Text, Bjur Staff Apr 2022

Volume 8 Full Text, Bjur Staff

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Table Of Contents And Front Matter, Bjur Staff Apr 2022

Table Of Contents And Front Matter, Bjur Staff

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Volume 7 Full Text, Bjur Staff Apr 2021

Volume 7 Full Text, Bjur Staff

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Table Of Contents And Front Matter, Bjur Staff Apr 2021

Table Of Contents And Front Matter, Bjur Staff

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Volume 6 Full Text, Bjur Staff May 2020

Volume 6 Full Text, Bjur Staff

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Women’S Empowerment Or Exploitation Of Women? Examining The Implications Of Economic Empowerment Programming, Billie White May 2020

Women’S Empowerment Or Exploitation Of Women? Examining The Implications Of Economic Empowerment Programming, Billie White

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


The Butler-Tarkington Community Member Views On The Perceived Gentrification, Julio C. Trujillo, Jr., Ethan Daniels May 2020

The Butler-Tarkington Community Member Views On The Perceived Gentrification, Julio C. Trujillo, Jr., Ethan Daniels

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Cyber Jihadism: An Analysis On How The Cyber Sphere Has Altered Islamic Terrorism, Simon Spangenberg May 2020

Cyber Jihadism: An Analysis On How The Cyber Sphere Has Altered Islamic Terrorism, Simon Spangenberg

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Parent Interaction Between An Infant With A Cochlear Implant And Additional Disabilities, Lillian J. Southern May 2020

Parent Interaction Between An Infant With A Cochlear Implant And Additional Disabilities, Lillian J. Southern

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Drowning In Depression: A Reading Of William Cowper’S “The Castaway”, Katrina B. Skalko May 2020

Drowning In Depression: A Reading Of William Cowper’S “The Castaway”, Katrina B. Skalko

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


A Matter Of Perspective: Reportage Style In District 9 (2009), M. Mert Örsler May 2020

A Matter Of Perspective: Reportage Style In District 9 (2009), M. Mert Örsler

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


The Motivations And Perceived Benefits Of Student Participation In Dance Marathon, Emily J. Nettesheim May 2020

The Motivations And Perceived Benefits Of Student Participation In Dance Marathon, Emily J. Nettesheim

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Border Security And Immigration Policy: The Fight Against Terrorism, Caroline Klenck May 2020

Border Security And Immigration Policy: The Fight Against Terrorism, Caroline Klenck

Butler Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.