Business Commons^™

From “Defilement” To “Modernity”: How Japan's Encounter With The West Brought Beef To The Table, Ying Yi Tan

Swarthmore Undergraduate History Journal

The long Tokugawa – Meiji transition (1850s – 1880s) is arguably one of the most profound socio-economic transitions that Japan underwent in its history. This paper uses beef consumption in Japan as a lens to further investigate the players involved in this transition. Historically more eschewed than other types of meat and tightly associated with the notion of the “other,” beef became an embodiment of progress and modernity during the Meiji Period. Through tracing the historical shift in the Japanese perception of beef, this paper argues that the evolution of beef consumption corresponds to the radically shifting attitudes of the …

How Trade Liberalization And Labor Development Could Coincide In The Philippines, Aeneas Dr Hernandez, Brendan Emmanuel A. Miranda, Martin William P. Regulano, Andrae Jamal Tecson, Martin William P. Regulano, Ma. Ella Oplas, Tereso S. Tullao Jr, Winfred M. Villamil

Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI)

As the world adapts to the rapid pace of globalization in the 21st century, countries ease trade restrictions by gradually removing tariffs and non-tariff barriers to incentivize the free flow of goods across nations. This prevalence of trade liberalization policies propelled policymakers and economists to investigate the relationship between trade reforms and economic outcomes including wage inequality around the world. They found that trade liberalization, on average, has had a positive impact on economic growth, but prior studies that examine the effects of trade liberalization on wage inequality in developing countries have found mixed results. Recently, Murakami (2021) examined the …

United States Of America As The Global Steward, Grant Fuller

Liberty University Journal of Statesmanship & Public Policy

The principle of subsidiarity states that local communities are best equipped to govern most of their affairs. In an increasingly connected world, this idea gets contested frequently. Since World War II, the world has experienced relative peace due to U.S. precedence. Today, we see U.S. leadership challenged by global players like China, which is doing so in a manner that prioritizes their people and goals. In order to maintain relevance, the United States must revisit trade policy, monetary policy, fiscal policy, and national security policy.

The Impact Of Economies On Plastic Waste And Recycling Due To International Trade, Alyx Mccall Thompson

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.

“It’S Gonna Be Yuge”: The Impact Of Chinese Imports On United States Manufacturing Firm Valuations, Charles Mangum

CMC Senior Theses

Throughout the years there has been literature regarding the impacts of Chinese manufacturing on the United States economy. Much of the focus has been centered on macro-economic effects and not firm level impacts. Using trade exposure and data from publically traded manufacturing firms I provide an analysis of the potential effects of increased trade exposure in a highly competitive market. My research aims to measure the impacts of Chinese imports on United States manufacturing companies with low technological barriers to entry. When comparing trade exposure to firm level data I conclude that there is a negative correlation between investment levels …

Gilgit-Baltistan At The Cross Road Of China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (Cpec), Zulfiqar Ali Khan

MSJ Capstone Projects

This capstone project focused on the in-depth analysis of the role and impact of this multi-billion-dollar project on the politically deprived region of Gilgit-Baltistan. This region is the gateway to CPEC as it is the only region of Pakistan that shares border with China. The geographical ties, tributary and trade relationship and even family relationships between Gilgit-Baltistan and the Xinjiang region of China dates back centuries before the creation of Pakistan and the post revolution China.

The project has been designed and implemented in a way that GB’s role is to provide the services of road and some other services …

How Has Nafta Affected The Business Relationship Between The United States And Mexico?, Julia Molinaro

Honors College Theses

This paper researches the effects NAFTA has had on the relationship between Mexico and the United States. It positions the question of why Mexico chose to enter the agreement within a larger historical context, debating the economic and social effects on the country as a whole. This study shows how economic trends have changed prior to and since Mexico joined NAFTA. It elaborates on the specific dynamics of what it means for the two countries to interact with each other on a cultural level, under the framework explained by Geert Hofstede's cultural dimensions. Then, it poses recommendations for ways that …

Is Populism Against Trade? Argentina's Trade Policy In The Context Of Latin American Populism, Natalie M. Pita

Senior Theses

The question at hand is if understanding trade and populism helps inform an understanding of concerns about populist governments in terms of trade. Countries in Latin America have been plagued by ISI policies, while East Asian countries saw success with export-led growth. Export expansion and import substitution are not contradictory policies; in fact, they complement each other. ISI is one stage of development policy, and export-led growth is a second stage (Amsden 172). Unfortunately, most Latin American countries never made it to the export expansion and trade openness stage of policy. The region came closest when many of its countries …

Insights From Professors, Hannah Salzl, Krista Johnson

Marriott Student Review

This is an installment of a recurring feature where we ask two professors in different fields to weigh in on a specific issue. In this issue, we asked Professor Rex L. Facer II and Professor Jim R. Kearl about the potential implications of renegotiating NAFTA.

Trade Liberalisation And Growth: A Threshold Expectation, Rod Falvey, Neil Foster-Mcgregor, Ahmed Khalid

Ahmed Khalid

Openness and trade liberalisation variables are consistently estimated to have significant positive coefficients in panel growth regressions. Many arguments have been advanced as to why and how more open or liberalised economies might grow faster, but the specific channels this process uses have begun to be investigated only recently. We continue these efforts by including a variable identifying the date of trade liberalisation in a system of equations that captures the determinants of growth in per capita income. Four ‘channels’ are considered: capital formation, the share of government, the economy’s openness to trade and its price distortions. We include the …

Trade Liberalisation And Growth: A Threshold Expectation, Rod Falvey, Neil Foster-Mcgregor, Ahmed Khalid

Rodney Falvey

Openness and trade liberalisation variables are consistently estimated to have significant positive coefficients in panel growth regressions. Many arguments have been advanced as to why and how more open or liberalised economies might grow faster, but the specific channels this process uses have begun to be investigated only recently. We continue these efforts by including a variable identifying the date of trade liberalisation in a system of equations that captures the determinants of growth in per capita income. Four ‘channels’ are considered: capital formation, the share of government, the economy’s openness to trade and its price distortions. We include the …

The Consequences Of Somali Piracy On International Trade, La'nita M. Johnson

Global Tides

In the last decade, piracy in the African waters, especially surrounding Somalia, has vastly increased. Due to a previous civil war, absence central government in the country and lack of natural resources, Somalia is presently one of the most underdeveloped countries in the world—which many say is a large stimulus in the rise and expansion of piracy. Although these attacks frequently go unnoticed, they have a large-scale effect on the global economy and international trade. This paper will first briefly observe the history of piracy, then go on to introduce the recent prevalence of Somali pirates off of the Horn …

Making Free Trade More Fair: Developments In Protecting Labor Rights, Maria Lorena Cook, Morley Gunderson, Mark Thompson, Anil Verma

Maria Lorena Cook

[Excerpt] The IRRA-NAFTA Committee was first appointed in 1995 by then president, Walter Gershenfeld, to make a report to the membership on the industrial relations implications of NAFTA and other trade-related developments. The Committee's mandate was renewed in 1996 by president Hoyt Wheeler. In this year's report the committee focused on some of the attempts that are underway to improve protection of labor interests under free trade conditions. This is a summary of the longer full report available upon request from the IRRA National Office.

Integración Regional Y Políticas Transnacionales: Eitlc Y Las Estrategias Del Sector Popular En México, Maria Lorena Cook

Maria Lorena Cook

En la era del TLC se han creado nuevos intereses, recursos, aliados y arenas para la acción estratégica tanto de actors gubernamentales como no gubernamentales. Si muchas organizaciones populares vieron en el TLC una continuación de la desigualdad, sin embargo también encontraron una coyuntura para la emergencia de coaliciones transnacionales de corte popular. Así se formaron redes de apoyo entre trabajadores mexicanos y estadounidenses. Muchas organizaciones no gubermentales vencieron su desconfianza hacia los vecinos del norte. Hubo apoyo mutuo para presionar al Congreso de Estados Unidos. Con el debate en torno al TLC cambió no tanto el desarrollo institucional ni …

Convergence And Diversity In International And Comparative Industrial Relations, Lowell Turner, John P. Windmuller

Lowell Turner

[Excerpt] In this essay, we reexamine a critical paradox in international and comparative industrial relations, a paradox that already decades ago demonstrated its ability to intrigue scholarly curiosity (Galenson, 1952,1963; Kerr et al, 1960). As we see it, convergence along a number of important dimensions, such as labor law and organizational and bargaining structure, is occurring simultaneously with widespread cross-national and local divergence, or diversity, in industrial relations practices and outcomes. Along with economic and political interdependence and with intensifications of market competition, convergence and diversity both appear to be product of an increasing spread of markets and ideas sometimes …

The Status Of Recognition And Enforcement Of Judgments In The European Union, Michael D. Larobina, Richard L. Pate

WCBT Working Papers

International trade and the free movement of people are inevitably followed by legal disputes. Such litigants require an efficient and predictable dispute resolution mechanism capable of handling cases between diverse nationals. An essential part of such mechanism is a clearly defined process of judgment enforcement across national boundaries. In the past several decades, the European Union (“EU”) has necessarily addressed judgment enforcement across the boundaries of its member nations (“Member States”). Citizens of the EU need to prosecute and defend their legal rights in their home and in other EU member states. Presently, the EU is, again, considering such issues …

Sweet Diversity: Colonial Goods And The Welfare Gains From Trade After 1492, Jonathan Hersh, Hans-Joachim Voth

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

When did overseas trade start to matter for living standards? Traditional real-wage indices suggest that living standards in Europe stagnated before 1800. In this paper, we argue that welfare rose substantially, but surreptitiously, because of an influx of new goods as a result of overseas trade. Colonial luxuries such as tea, coffee, and sugar transformed European diets after the discovery of America and the rounding of the Cape of Good Hope. These goods became household items in many countries by the end of the 18th century. We use three different methods to calculate welfare gains based on price data and …

Does Trade Weaken Product Quality Standards, Katia Berti, Rodney E. Falvey

Rodney Falvey

In this paper we investigate the effects of trade on the national minimum quality standards applied by two trading partners. We employ a simple partial equilibrium model in which national regulators set a minimum quality standard for a product whose quality is unobservable to consumers prior to purchase. Both producers and consumers can benefit from a minimum standard, but the former prefer a lower standard to the latter. Because producers are organised and consumers are not, the standards set by national regulators will tend to unduly favour producer interests. As always, trade changes the balance of consumer and producer interests …

China And India Enter Global Markets: A Review Of Comparative Economic Development And Future Prospects, Penelope B. Prime

International Business Faculty Publications

An American economist specializing in the economic and business development of China as well as India presents the results of a focused comparison of their emergence as global economic powers in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. More specifically, she selectively reviews the body of published research comparing China and India, with emphasis on the literature covering the two countries’ economic achievements, the nature of reforms and institutions, as well as the overall social contexts within which development and growth are occurring. The author addresses such major questions as the importance of timing and location in the two countries’ …

Migration, Trade, And Development, Federal Reserve Bank Of Dallas, The Tower Center For Political Studies, Southern Methodist University, Department Of Economics At Southern Methodist University, Jno E. Owens Foundation

eBooks

"Migration and trade are more prevalent today than ever before in the history of the world. The United States is the recipient of about one-third of the world’s migrants and accounted for a quarter of the world’s output and 13 percent of the world’s trade in 2005. But the global significance of the U.S. economy is slowly declining, and while the effects of migration and trade on the U.S. economy have been examined time and again, questions concerning the impact of migration and trade on development in low-income countries are of growing importance.

Simple, neoclassical economic models predict that prices …

The Trade Off Between Trade Liberalization And Protectionism: An Application To The Textiles And Clothing Industry In Egypt, Miriam Snefro Ahmos Iskander

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

China And Latin America: A Match Made In Trade Heaven Or Dependency Reloaded?, Meghan Skira

Senior Honors Projects

China’s economy is expanding rapidly, and the emerging powerhouse is searching for energy resources, raw materials, and markets to maintain its economic growth. China has shown an insatiable appetite for Latin American natural resources, commodities, and agricultural products, from oil to lumber to copper to soybeans. Trade values between the two regions increased greatly from $1.3 billion in 1980 to about $13 billion in 2000 to over $50 billion in 2005. Latin America has the raw materials that China needs to fuel its economic expansion and offers a large market for cheap Chinese manufactured goods. Many analysts claim that Sino-Latin …

Growing Chinese Trade With Africa And Democratization Process In Africa, Mario Udo Stumm

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Nationalism In The People's Republic Of China: A Consequential Chameleon, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article describes how nationalism among political leaders in the People's Republic of China (PRC) can be the linchpin of divergent views on the desirability of the PRC's future in a globalized economy.

Trends. The People's Republic Of China And Permanent Normal Trading Relations: A Run-Up And Aftermath Of More Smoke Than Fire?, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses the vote of the United States (US) House of Representatives to approve permanent normal trading relations (PTNR) with the People's Republic of China (PRC). Human rights violations are discussed.

General Agreement On Tariffs And Trade (Gaff) And The World Trade Organisation (Wto): The Major Provisions And The Implication For Nigeria, O. A. Ogunlana

CBN Occasional Papers

This paper shall review the major provisions of the GATT with respect to the Multilateral Agreements on Trade in Goods only and the likely implications for Nigeria. The review of the General Agreement on Trade in Services and the Agreement on Trade - Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights shall be covered in another exercise. The rest of the paper is, therefore, organised into five parts. Part I discusses the GATT’s basic principles and the major agreements of the latest multilateral trade negotiations otherwise known as the Uruguay Round. The World Trade Organization, its major functions, structure and the decision-making …

The State Of Israel : Market Intelligence Report, Agwest Trade And Development Briefing Notes 1997, Rachel Hills

All other publications

No abstract provided.

The United Arab Emirates : Market Intellegence Project Agwest Trade And Development Briefing Notes 1997, Rachel Hills

All other publications

Located on the Gulf coast, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) consists of the seven states: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ajman, Umm Al Qiwain, Ras Al Khaimah and Fujairah. The UAE was declared a federation on the 2nd December I 971 and is ruled by the Supreme Council of Rulers, which is composed of the seven Emirate rulers.

The UAE has a population of approximately 2.3 million. Its people enjoy one of the world's highest incomes per capita (estimated at US$17,900 in 1996) and the economy benefits from a relatively large annual trade surplus. The UAE's wealth is based on oil …

Beefing Up Our Prospects, Trevor Boughton, Brad Mccormick

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

In the global fish pond the Western Australian beef industry is a minnow. Production is only 5.5 per cent of Australia's total and around 2 per cent that of the United States. Our output has remained static for the last decade while competition throughout the world has expanded. Moving forward to share the benefits of growing world markets or being left behind is the long-term choice facing the industry, according to TREVOR BOUGHTON and BRAD McCORMICK.

Exchange Rate And Income Effects On South Korean Exports: The Us Case, Heather M. O'Neill, William Ross

Business and Economics Faculty Publications

This paper analyzes econometrically the effects of direct and cross exchange rates as well as US income and Korean supply developments on the volume of Korean exports to the US. The results suggest that US demand has been the most important factor in the growth of Korean exports to the US in recent years. However, direct exchange rate effects are also important; the estimates suggest that for 1989-90, a yearly 10% real appreciation of the won against the dollar would have lowered export volume by about 10% per year relative to a baseline case. Cross exchange rate effects run counter …