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Full-Text Articles in Business
Understanding The Impact Of The Global Economic Crisis On U.S. Smes' Trade Exports To Bric, Jayati Ghosh, Denise Lucy, Françoise Lepage
Understanding The Impact Of The Global Economic Crisis On U.S. Smes' Trade Exports To Bric, Jayati Ghosh, Denise Lucy, Françoise Lepage
Denise Lucy
The global economy offers vast trade opportunities for U.S. businesses. United States’ SMEs are grossly under-represented in the global market. It is essential that U.S. SMEs adopt a global approach by expanding trade focus to include the emerging BRIC markets. Demographics and increasing purchasing power in the emerging countries of Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRIC) offer significant trade potential for U.S. SMEs export expansion. However, there are external and internal barriers to expanding beyond the NAFTA region. Free trade agreements reduce trade barriers, while creating opportunities for U.S. exports. Although US SMEs face their own set of challenges to …
From The Firm To The Network: Global Value Chains And Employment Relations Theory, Tashlin Lakhani, Sarosh Kuruvilla, Ariel Avgar
From The Firm To The Network: Global Value Chains And Employment Relations Theory, Tashlin Lakhani, Sarosh Kuruvilla, Ariel Avgar
Sarosh Kuruvilla
We posit that traditional employment relations theories that focus on individual firms embedded in distinct national institutional contexts are no longer adequate for the analysis of employment relations in a globalized era where production and services are increasingly coordinated across countries and firms. Building on Global Value Chain theory, we introduce a configurational framework that explicitly addresses the employment relations implications of the interconnections within and between firms in the global economy. We argue that different value chain configurations will evidence different employment relations patterns and we validate our framework by applying it to the study of three contemporary global …
Regional Integration And Transnational Politics: Popular Sector Strategies In The Nafta Era, Maria Lorena Cook
Regional Integration And Transnational Politics: Popular Sector Strategies In The Nafta Era, Maria Lorena Cook
Maria Lorena Cook
[Excerpt] This chapter argues that although economic integration between the United States and Mexico had been taking place for some time, it was the formal recognition of this process as represented by the discussions surrounding the North American Free Trade Agreement that facilitated transnational political action by non-state actors. Whereas the globalization of the economy and the prevalence of neoliberal economic policies may be considered by some to undermine popular sector organization and actions, formal recognition of regional economic integration in North America has produced a ‘transnational political’ arena that has expanded the resources available to non-governmental groups, increased their …
Working Through The Past: Labor And Authoritorian Legacies In Comparative Perspective, Teri L. Caraway (Ed.), Maria Lorena Cook (Ed.), Stephen Crowley (Ed.)
Working Through The Past: Labor And Authoritorian Legacies In Comparative Perspective, Teri L. Caraway (Ed.), Maria Lorena Cook (Ed.), Stephen Crowley (Ed.)
Maria Lorena Cook
[Excerpt] Democratization in the developing and post-communist world has yielded limited gains for labor. Explanations for this phenomenon have focused on the effect of economic crisis and globalization on the capacities of unions to become influential political actors and to secure policies that benefit their members. In contrast, the contributors to Working through the Past highlight the critical role that authoritarian legacies play in shaping labor politics in new democracies, providing the first cross-regional analysis of the impact of authoritarianism on labor, focusing on East and Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America. Legacies from the predemocratic era shape labor’s …
The Globalization Of Service Work: Comparative Institutional Perspectives On Call Centers (Introduction To A Special Issue Of The Industrial & Labor Relations Review), Rosemary Batt, David Holman, Ursula Holtgrewe
The Globalization Of Service Work: Comparative Institutional Perspectives On Call Centers (Introduction To A Special Issue Of The Industrial & Labor Relations Review), Rosemary Batt, David Holman, Ursula Holtgrewe
Rosemary Batt
This introduction to the special issue on the globalization of service work provides an overview of the call center sector and its development in coordinated, liberal market, and emerging market economies. The introduction's authors situate this research in literature on the comparative political economy and industrial relations. Drawing on qualitative research and a unique survey of 2,500 establishments in 17 countries conducted in 2003-2006, they discuss the extent of convergence and divergence in management practices and employment relations. They also describe the research methodology for the overall research project, highlight its major findings, and summarize the contributions of the thematic …
How Institutions And Business Strategies Affect Wages: A Cross-National Study Of Call Centers, Rosemary Batt, Hiroatsu Nohara
How Institutions And Business Strategies Affect Wages: A Cross-National Study Of Call Centers, Rosemary Batt, Hiroatsu Nohara
Rosemary Batt
This paper, drawing on a 2003-2006 establishment-level survey of 1,819 call centers in 15 countries, examines effects of industrial relations institutions and employer strategies on wage variation across coordinated, liberal, and emerging market economies. The authors find several contradictory patterns, which confirm theoretical predictions for some countries and contradict them for others, suggesting diverse institutional reactions to the emergence of a new economic activity. Consistent with prior research, Denmark, France, and Sweden exhibit patterns of low wage dispersion and no union wage premium, and the United States, Canada, and emerging market economies exhibit quite high levels of dispersion. Contrary to …
Order Of Entry Into Foreign Countries By Us Multinationals Since 1965: Role Of Psychic Distance Over Time And Across Sectors, Suresh Singh
Order Of Entry Into Foreign Countries By Us Multinationals Since 1965: Role Of Psychic Distance Over Time And Across Sectors, Suresh Singh
Management and Marketing Faculty Publications
Observations of internationalizing manufacturing firms, in the late seventies, revealed that the order in which firms enter foreign countries is influenced by psychic distance (perceived closeness based on factors such as culture, language and development level). Since then, the world has undergone rapid globalization and services have replaced manufacturing as the dominant sector of the world economy. To ascertain whether (a) psychic distance is still relevant and (b) industry sector impacts the relationship between psychic distance and order of entry, this paper analyzed the order of entry into foreign countries by US multinationals in manufacturing and services sectors since 1965. …
Deification Of Market; Homogenization Of Cultures: 'Free Trade' And Other Euphemisms For Global Capitalism, Gwendolyn Yvonne Alexis
Deification Of Market; Homogenization Of Cultures: 'Free Trade' And Other Euphemisms For Global Capitalism, Gwendolyn Yvonne Alexis
Gwendolyn Yvonne Alexis
In this book chapter, I argue that states and MNCs enter into extraterritorial pacts with global institutions like the WTO, UN, and IMF to derive economic benefit from international trade. Given that both entities are drawn to international trade by the quest for financial gain, there is no justification for attributing to either corporations or their countries of national origin malevolent intent such as colonization of the world under the banner of a particular culture. Economic actors direct their deliberate and intentional activities towards achieving economic goals; and this is done to such an extent that they are often willing …
Deification Of Market; Homogenization Of Cultures: 'Free Trade' And Other Euphemisms For Global Capitalism, Gwendolyn Yvonne Alexis
Deification Of Market; Homogenization Of Cultures: 'Free Trade' And Other Euphemisms For Global Capitalism, Gwendolyn Yvonne Alexis
Gwendolyn Yvonne Alexis
In this book chapter, I argue that states and MNCs enter into extraterritorial pacts with global institutions like the WTO, UN, and IMF to derive economic benefit from international trade. Given that both entities are drawn to international trade by the quest for financial gain, there is no justification for attributing to either corporations or their countries of national origin malevolent intent such as colonization of the world under the banner of a particular culture. Economic actors direct their deliberate and intentional activities towards achieving economic goals; and this is done to such an extent that they are often willing …