Business Commons^™

A Look At Contributing Factors That Affect Female Underrepresentation In Management, In The United States, Nushine W. Hosseini

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examines contributing factors that affect female underrepresentation in management, in the United States (U.S.), within the U.S. workforce. The primary variables of interest are intrinsic motivation, work life balance and organizational climate support, which have typically not been reviewed in depth, in prior research.

Using a framework of varied theoretical approaches, this research studies the relationship between the above-mentioned constructs and gender effect, as related to interest in career advancement opportunities and female leadership underrepresentation within organizations.

The results of this study further validate existing research and highlights the importance of establishing programs, geared towards shifting mindsets and …

Hiring People With Disabilities From An Employer’S Perspective And Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Claude B. Kershner Iv

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

When employers hire people with disabilities, collective behavioral change occurs within organizations. Specifically, attitudes towards people with disabilities improve through professional interventions and encourage organizational citizenship behavior. Previous studies have demonstrated the economic and client-focused impact of hiring people with disabilities — resulting in a tested model of competitive integrated employment. This study indicates that — when organizations employ best practices when integrating people with disabilities into the workplace — there is a performance-based behavioral change in non-disabled employees.

This study uses intergroup contact theory and social exchange theory to develop a model and a corresponding survey instrument that measures …

The Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Support, Perceived Career Mobility, Job Satisfaction, And Organizational Commitment On Job Performance, And Turnover Intentions, Everod A. Davis

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research was intended to develop and test a model that examines the influence of perceived organizational support, perceived career mobility, job satisfaction, and affective organizational commitment on contextual job performance and turnover intentions. To do so, the study integrates three major theories to help explain the hypothesized relationships. For example, drawing on the concept of organizational equilibrium (March & Simon, 1958), which provides the foundational literature on turnover intentions, we use social exchange theory (Blau, 1964; Homans, 1961; Thibaut & Kelley, 1959) to explain the influence of perceived organizational support. Theories of human capital and economic opportunity are used …

Examining The Relationships Between Factors Of Employees’ Perceptions Of Knowledge Worker Productivity, Psychological Well-Being, And Performance, Walter Liu

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Peter Drucker, known as the “father of modern management”, suggested that the most valuable asset of a 21^st-century institution would be knowledge workers and their productivity. Since then, there has been a steady shift from manual work to knowledge work over the past several decades and with it, an interest in knowledge worker productivity. A 2013 study identified six factors with the highest association regarding the performance of knowledge workers. Drawing on insights of relational cohesion theory, social exchange theory, transactive memory systems theory, goal setting theory, social network theory, and Fredrickson’s (1998, 2001, 2004) broaden-and-build theory, the …

The Effect Of Socialization Practices And Onboarding On Newcomer Adjustment And Turnover Intention, Alex George Vilayil

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

New employee (newcomer) turnover is a severe problem in many organizations and inevitably leads to both operational and financial concerns. The hospitality industry, in particular, faces this challenge and struggles with acquiring and retaining talent. Studies have suggested that many newcomers leave their job due to inadequate socialization efforts on the employer’s part. While several researchers have explored the relationship involving newcomer onboarding and turnover intention, the hospitality domain lacks research investigating the effect of socialization practices on turnover intention. This study attempts to fill this void by exploring the effectiveness of four different socialization practices on onboarding success and …

Gen Z And Millennials In The Workplace: How Are Leaders Adapting To Their Short Attention Span And How Will They Keep Them From Leaving A Qualitative Study, Maribel Rachel Diz

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There is a new type of employee entering the workforce that is a true digital native with allegedly the shortest attention span known as Generation Z. Coupled with millennials, they will dominate the workforce. The problem investigated is the effects of short attention spans in the workplace and how this is being magnified by the incoming Generation Z cohort and existing millennials. Companies will need to adapt to short attention spans, along with what will engage and retain these two cohorts. The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore both generations as there are no current studies with this …

Resolving The Telecommuting Paradox: Does Leader-Member Exchange Matter?, Ajay R. Ponnapalli

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Prior theorizing about telecommuting has proposed the possibility of a telecommuting paradox (Gajendran & Harrison, 2007), which refers to a set of mutually incompatible consequences that telecommuting has for employees. On one hand, a key theme in managerial and scholarly writings on telecommuting is that it provides employees with greater flexibility and discretion over where, when, and how work is completed. According to this view, telecommuting leads to greater autonomy and this in turn is linked to beneficial outcomes including greater job satisfaction, intentions to stay, and better job performance. On the other hand, some researchers and the popular press …

The Moderating Effects Of Neuroticism And Psychological Contract Incongruence On The Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Support, Perceived Supervisor Support, And Affective Commitment, Gail M. Hansen

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The nonexperimental study (N = 279) investigated the moderating effect of the trait neuroticism and psychological contract incongruence on perceptions about the organization, supervisor, and level of affective commitment. Using Qualtrics, a survey battery was administered to supervisors who had completed leadership training at a single institution of higher education located in southern Florida, USA.

The findings of the present study provided new insights into the neuroticism scale items, suggesting that depression might be a hidden factor in more than half of the population. Another finding demonstrated that few individuals attribute a psychological contract breach to an honest misunderstanding. …

Understanding The Individual And Organizational Attributes Of Servant Leadership In Local Governments, Pallavi Awasthi

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Servant leaders are driven by a natural feeling to serve first which manifests into a conscious desire to lead. The servant leadership style emphasizes internalizing ethical behavior, along with empathy and service orientation in creating value for the community which is critical in public administration. While the servant leadership concept has gained much interest among business management scholars, it has received little attention in public administration. This dissertation aims to fill this wide gap in public administrative leadership scholarship by investigating the role of servant leadership in public administration.

Specifically, the dissertation seeks to understand individual (servant identity and moral …

The Influence Of Employee Engagement On Discretionary Effort And Job Performance In The Cruise Line Customer Contact Center Workplace, Stephen B. Rodoquino Iii

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This nonexperimental, correlational study examined the relation among job fit,

psychological climate, and employee engagement and discretionary effort and job

performance. An Internet-based self-report survey was administered to a sample of 307

cruise line customer contact center reservation agents. The research hypotheses were

evaluated using correlational and hierarchical regression analytic procedures.

Job fit and psychological climate were linked positively and significantly with

employee engagement and employee engagement accounted for significant variance in

both discretionary effort and job performance. In evaluating the discretionary effort

conceptual model, after statistically controlling for gender, ethnicity and amount of job

experience, the results of the …

Workplace Incivility Toward Individuals With Disabilities, Secure Attachment Style, And Mental Health: Focus On Mediator And Moderator Effects, Mia Heikkila

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Despite the value of workplace civility, civility has been replaced by social exchanges that include statements and behaviors deemed largely unacceptable and undeniably rude. One type of rude behavior that appears innocuous is called workplace incivility, yet incivility disturbs efficient functioning among employees, intensifies work stress, and poses a grave financial hazard to an organization. Literature expressly on incivility toward individuals with disabilities is virtually non-existent, although emerging literature reveals that employees with disabilities are at a greater risk of experiencing workplace mistreatment vis-à-vis employees without disabilities. This quantitative study investigated the role of workplace incivility with respect to individuals …

Employee Attribution Of Human Resource Practices And Implications For Commitment, Turnover And Job Performance In Local Government Police, Merlene V. Reid

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This explanatory, non-experimental study examined the relationship between employees Attribution of HR Practices, organizational commitment, turnover intent and extra-role job performance. Using data from an online, self-report survey of 147 police officers, four hypotheses were tested via SEM, multivariate and multiple regression analyses. Attribution to locus of causality was significantly related to commitment levels, with officers attributing internal causes for any personal, financial impact that arose from pension reforms and overall changes to their compensation packages. Structural equation modeling results also found that HR Attribution drove a significant negative indirect path to turnover intent via affective commitment and a significant …

#Fomo: How The Fear Of Missing Out Drives Consumer Purchase Decisions, Michelle Van Solt

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research focuses on consumers’ experiential purchase decisions motivated by the fear of missing out (FOMO). I propose that consumers are more likely to attend an event when individuals with whom they have strong (weak) interpersonal ties will be present, because consumers will experience higher (lower) levels of FOMO. The results of one qualitative and four quantitative studies, including a behavioral study, demonstrate that purchase intent is higher when participants imagine that their close friends (i.e., strong ties) will attend, an effect mediated by FOMO and anticipated regret. Furthermore, the type of experience (i.e., ordinary, extraordinary) moderates the relationship of …

The Validity And Reliability Of An Adapted Problem-Solving Inventory (Psi): The Exploration Of Paradoxical Problem-Solving As A Means To Manage Organizational Conflict, Salma A. Hadeed

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This mixed method research was used to develop and validate an adapted survey that incorporates the paradoxical problem-solving concept under the context of social conflict theory, and to provide employees and employers more creative techniques to manage organizational conflict. One aspect of social conflict theory, problem-solving theory, focused on how individuals respond when confronted with unfamiliar tasks (Newell, Shaw & Simon, 1958a).

A concurrent mixed methods design was used to determine validity and reliability evidence. This study consisted of four phases. Phase one was a qualitative phase that utilized 11 experts, examining for validity evidence of test content. Phase two …

An Exploration Of Names In Social And Professional Settings For Persons With Ethnically Identifying Names, Paige Whitney Johnson

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The overarching purpose of this collected papers dissertation was to explore the perspectives and experiences related to names in social and professional settings for persons with ethnically identifying names. The first paper was an integrative literature review. The second paper was a qualitative study utilizing the phenomenological approach. Both studies utilized self-presentation theory, while Study #2 added social penetration theory and social identity theory. Self-presentation theory posits that people put forth a public face to show that they possess desirable characteristics to observers. Social penetration theory is centered on the concept of self-disclosure and the notion that people carefully construct …

Social Dominance Orientation And Emotion Regulation: A Parallel Multiple Mediator Model Of Instigated Incivility Moderated By Workgroup Civility Climate, Fabiana Brunetta

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

While most of the existing research on the topic of workplace incivility has focused upon its consequences on employee and organizational well-being, researchers are recognizing the need for research on predictors, mediators, and moderators of uncivil workplace behavior. The current study contributes to this new wave of workplace incivility research by emphasizing the links among variables not previously explored in incivility research. This nonexperimental correlational study (N = 1027) developed and tested a parallel multiple mediator model of instigated incivility. The model examined the mediation of the emotion regulation strategies – cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression – on the …

Employees’ Responses To Positive Feedback From Customers And Managers, I Hsuan Tsai

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research is to understand the impacts of positive feedback from customers and managers and the extrinsic rewards and intrinsic rewards on job satisfaction. Furthermore, this research will examine how employees in the hospitality industry react to positive feedback and to explore whether this positive feedback has practical applications to help increase employee satisfaction. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed, 339 valid surveys from respondents with experience working in the hospitality industry were returned. The results indicated that positive feedback from customers as well as summarized positive customer feedback delivered by managers have positive relationships with …

The Influence Of Perceived Psychological Contract Violations On Expatriate Attitudes: The Moderating Role Of Individual, Organizational, And National Factors, Kowoon Kim

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

As a business becomes dependent on knowledge and intellectual capabilities, human resource management is undoubtedly a key driver of an organization’s success. In the same vein, the importance of managing human resources for the multinational enterprise (MNE) cannot be overstated (Dowling, 1999; Hiltrop, 1999; Tung, 1984). Since a large number of MNEs depend on expatriates to run their global operations despite their relatively high costs, it is essential for MNEs to develop a better understanding of expatriate management. In this regard, the psychological contract has received recent attention as an underlying mechanism for managing expatriates. However, existing psychological contract studies …

Institutional Ethnography: Utilizing Battered Women’S Standpoint To Examine How Institutional Relations Shape African American Battered Women’S Work Experiences In Christian Churches, Ursula Tiershatha Wright

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the collected papers dissertation was to critically examine the individual and institutional conditions that shaped battered women’s work experiences in church organizations. The studies in the collected papers shared the provision of using a methodological and analytic tool, institutional ethnography (IE), that offers a strategic and comprehensive means of investigating issues related to institutions and institutional processes that merge a macro and micro view. The first paper was a conceptual paper that emphasized the socio-political context in which adult vocation education is practiced and shared a practical means of using IE to uncover the interconnected and interdependent …

A Change In Engagement: The Relationship Between Employee Engagement And Generational Differences, Markease L. Doe, Vinus Fong, Yvena Muselaire

South Florida Education Research Conference

Employee engagement changes generationally. This literature review explores employee engagement and shared life experiences that define the characteristics of each generation; shaping generational perception on employee engagement and how each generation actually engages at work. Resultantly, generational differences, characteristics, and shared life experiences make salient how employee engagement changes.

Authentic Servant-Leadership Exemplified By Early Childhood Educator David Lawrence Jr.: A Case Study, Blanca Correa-Cespedes

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Advocacy and leadership style are essential concepts in education. This qualitative case study was undertaken to demonstrate how Robert K. Greenleaf’s servant-leadership framework could be a useful framework to adopt by educational leaders and child advocates. Servant-leadership identifies the needs of others as a primary goal of leadership. The study contributes to understanding the value of exemplary servant-leadership and advocacy in public education as demonstrated by David Lawrence Jr. The researcher addressed questions regarding how Lawrence embodies servant-leadership traits and explored how a servant-leader has been positively influencing early childhood public educational policy in Florida to benefit all children.

There …

An Exploration Of Workplace Interventions For Women With Postpartum Depression Symptoms, Cyntianna C. Ledesma Ortega

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The overarching purpose of this collected papers dissertation was to explore the best practices used by Human Resource Development (HRD) professionals to help working mothers who are experiencing postpartum depression symptoms after maternity leave. The first paper in this dissertation was an integrative literature review. The second paper in this dissertation investigated whether participation in online support groups served to moderate the effect of postpartum depression symptoms on work impairment (measured in terms of absenteeism and presenteeism). Both studies were undergirded by the stress-buffering hypothesis, which posits that social support can moderate the effect of experiencing a stressful event. Study …

Millennials In The Workplace, Debaro D. Huyler, Wei Ding, Adly Norelus, Yselande Pierre

South Florida Education Research Conference

Today’s workplace is undergoing dramatic shifts due to the growth of Miillennials within the workforce and the insertion of their ideals, values, and identity in organizations. This article explores the workplace profile of Millennials, their use of technology, their workplace engagement, and the ultimate impact they have on organizational success.

A Cultural Analysis Of Employees' Work Values And Their Consequences For Work-Related Outcomes: The Case Of China, Jun Yang

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To create and maintain a fully engaged workforce, establishing person-organization (P-O) fit among employees has continued to be a central focus of organizational research. In addition, with growing numbers of older workers approaching retirement age, younger workers will soon become the dominant segment of the future workforce. Given this unfolding population trend, it has become increasingly necessary for organizations to gain a clearer understanding of the work values of the growing young population of workers and how P-O fit based on those work values may be linked to desirable work-related attitudes and behaviors.

The overarching aim of this dissertation is …

Work Creativity As A Dimension Of Job Performance, Angela C. Reaves

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To stay competitive, many employers are looking for creative and innovative employees to add value to their organization. However, current models of job performance overlook creative performance as an important criterion to measure in the workplace. The purpose of this dissertation is to conduct two separate but related studies on creative performance that aim to provide support that creative performance should be included in models of job performance, and ultimately included in performance evaluations in organizations. Study 1 is a meta-analysis on the relationship between creative performance and task performance, and the relationship between creative performance and organizational citizenship behavior …

Changing Corporations: The Role Of Hrdm, Fatima Beamonte

South Florida Education Research Conference

An exploration of how current HRDM managers can stimulate change in order to motivate social justice.

A Phenomenological Exploration Of Black Male Law Enforcement Officers' Perspectives Of Racial Profiling And Their Law Enforcement Career Exploration And Commitment, Gregory A. Salters

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This phenomenological study explored Black male law enforcement officers’ perspectives of how racial profiling shaped their decisions to explore and commit to a law enforcement career. Criterion and snow ball sampling was used to obtain the 17 participants for this study. Super’s (1990) archway model was used as the theoretical framework. The archway model “is designed to bring out the segmented but unified and developmental nature of career development, to highlight the segments, and to make their origin clear” (Super, 1990, p. 201).

Interview data were analyzed using inductive, deductive, and comparative analyses. Three themes emerged from the inductive analysis …

Qualitative Responses To Pre-Employment Drug Testing In The Foodservice Industry, Miranda Kitterlin, Lisa Moll

Hospitality Review

Employee substance abuse has long time been a topic of concern for the hospitality industry. Operating under the assumption that drug-users, and associated undesirable behavior, can be eliminated from the hiring process, many operations have adopted pre-employment drug-testing policies. Despite being represented across the industry as a major target of effort and resources, it is suggested that the perceived sensitive-nature of the subject has somewhat hindered access to qualitative information. The purpose of this research was to assess and explore the attitudes, beliefs and perceptions of both management and employees in the foodservice industry regarding pre-employment drug-testing and its impact …

Current State Of Management/Union Relations In Hospitality Sector, Helen Lavan, Marsha Katz

Hospitality Review

Labor management relations in the hospitality sector is an important aspect of effective management. Increasingly, unions are becoming proactive in organizing hospitality workers. This manifests itself in strikes, boycotts, picketing, sexual harassment complaints, and complaints to OSHA regarding safety and health workplace violations. This research monitors the current scene with respect to labor management relations and analyzes work issues that have been brought up for third-party resolution by NLRB staff or arbitrators. The study reports on 66 NLRB cases and 104 arbitration cases. Issues brought before the NLRB include mostly contract interpretations. In arbitration, there were mostly discipline issues, including …

Generational Differences In Work Attitudes: Evidence From The Hospitality Industry, David Solnet, Anna Kralj

Hospitality Review

Our understanding of employee attitudes and their impact on business outcomes has been further complicated in recent years by the newest cohort of service workers. Known as Generation Y (Gen Y), they appear to approach employment in a manner different to that of their predecessors. A review of the academic literature reveals little empirical evidence to support an appropriate understanding of the impact of such difference. This paper provides an overview of a large-scale study into generational differences in employee attitudes and reports on the preliminary data analysis of a survey of over 900 hospitality employees. The most important initial …