Business Commons^™

Legislative-Executive Relations And The Budgetary Process In Nigeria: An Evaluation Of The 1999 Constitution., S.C. Rapu

CBN Occasional Papers

Since the transition to civilian rule in May 29, 1999, the country has witnessed conflicts between the legislature and the executive over budget matters. These conflicts are not only restricted to the federal level but also a common phenomenon at the state government level. This paper discussed the poor relationship over the budget matters and made suggestions on how to improve the process. The paper surveyed the literature on the legal framework of the budgetary process in several countries. Thereafter, the paper examined the legal framework for the budgetary process in Nigeria as well as the issues involved. The paper …

Estimating Auction Revenues For The Proposed Fcc Sale Of 3g Spectrum For Broadband And Advanced Wireless Services, Peter Cramton

Peter Cramton

No abstract provided.

Maine Food Trader, New England Environmental Finance Center, University Of Southern Maine

Local Food Systems

A free website for buying, selling, trading and donating local food. Keep food from going to waste and help make food production a good way to make a living in Maine.

Front Matter, Journal Of Microfinance

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

Balancing Supply And Demand: The Emerging Agenda For Microfinance Institutions, Thankom Arun, David Hulme

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

Beyond Micro-Credit: Putting Development Back Into Micro-Finance By Thomas Fisher And M. S. Sriram, James R. Bradshaw

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

Rural Finance, Poverty Alleviation, And Sustainable Land Use: The Role Of Credit For The Adoption Of Agroforestry Systems In Occidental Honduras, Ruerd Ruben, Luud Clercx

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

This paper analyzes the relationship between financial services provided by different agents, the adoption of agroforestry systems, and the implications for food security and sustainable soil management. Attention is focussed on the role of rural finance in reducing risk and stabilizing household income and yields. We conclude that credit provision performs critical functions for reinforcing the resilience of rural livelihoods in less-favored areas. Rural development programs in the Occidental region of Honduras have been rather reluctant to provide rural financial services. Unfavorable agroclimatic conditions and the scarcity of infrastructure lead to extreme poverty. The local economy is fairly dynamic due …

Money Talks: Conversations With Poor Households In Bangladesh About Managing Money, Stuart Rutherford

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

This paper describes the money management behavior of 42 low-income Bangladeshi households, half of them rural and half living in urban slums. They were found to be active managers of their financial resources. Thirty-three varieties of financial instrument were found to be in use by the sample households during the research year. As well as using a wide variety of instruments, most households engaged in multiple uses of the instruments: on average each household initiated a new money management arrangement every two weeks. The sums of money involved are large, both absolutely and relative to incomes. The average “turnover” (the …

Announcements, Journal Of Microfinance

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

Implications Of Financial Innovations For The Poorest Of The Poor In The Rural Area: Experience From Northern Bangladesh, Mohammed Emrul Hasan

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

Providing microfinance to the poorest of the poor in rural areas remains a challenge. Grameen demonstrated that the poor are viable clients for loans and reached them on a massive scale. However, they reach only the upper level of the poor and provide narrow and limited financial services with rigid systems and procedures, which in many ways do not address the needs of the poorest. Despite earning signs of success with their SafeSave innovative approach to serving the poorest in the urban area, this rural adaptation and experiment has faced challenges because of the different social and economical structures of …

A Challenge To The Orthodoxy Concerning Microfinance And Poverty Reduction, Ana Marr

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

As a response to many partial and simplistic theoretical and empirical studies, this paper presents a more comprehensive analytical framework to assess the success of microfinance in achieving its dual objectives of financial sustainability and poverty reduction. By giving center stage to the study of group dynamics and using principles of imperfect information and social psychology, the paper argues that microfinance not only has failed to solve the original problems of information asymmetries between borrowers and lenders but also, in its pursuit of financial sustainability, is destroying the very foundations of these schemes by disrupting the social fabric of communities, …

Attitudes Of Rural Branch Manages In Madhya Pradesh, India, Toward Their Role As Providers Of Financial Services To The Poor, Howard Jones, Marylin Williams, Yashwant Thorat, Abba Thorat

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

Discussions on banking reforms to reduce financial exclusion have referred little to possible attitudinal constraints, on the part of staff at both branch and institutional levels, inhibiting the provision of financial services to the poor. The research project, funded by the ESCOR (now Social Science Research) Small Grants Committee, has focused on this aspect of financial exclusion. The research commenced in May 2001 and was completed in April 2002. Profiles of the rural bank branch managers, including personal background, professional background and workplace, are presented. Attitudes of managers toward aspects of their work environment and the rural poor are examined, …

Vol. 05 No. 2 Journal Of Microfinance, Journal Of Microfinance

Journal of Microfinance / ESR Review

No abstract provided.

Benchmarking Study Of The Small Business Environment In Saginaw County, George A. Erickcek, Brad R. Watts

Reports

No abstract provided.

A Meta-Analysis Of Government-Sponsored Training Programs, David H. Greenberg, Charles Michalopoulos, Philip K. Robins

Economics Articles and Papers

This study uses meta-analysis to synthesize findings from 31 evaluations of 15 voluntary government-funded training programs for the disadvantaged that operated between 1964 and 1998. On average, the earnings effects of the evaluated programs seem to have been largest for women, quite modest for men, and negligible for youths. For men and women, the earnings effects of training appear to have persisted for at least several years after the training was complete. Classroom skills training was apparently effective in increasing earnings, but basic education was not. There is no evidence that more expensive training programs performed better than less expensive …

The Slow Pace Of Disbursement Of The Small And Medium Industries Equity Investment Scheme (Smieis) Fund And The Need For Remedial Measures, C. M. Anyanwu, B. S. Adebusuyi, B. O. Okafor

CBN Occasional Papers

The objectives of this paper are to investigate the reasons for the slow pace of investment under the scheme and proffer measures that would address the identified problems. The paper is organized into seven sections to achieve these objectives. Following this introduction, an overview of SMIEIS is done in section 2, while section 3 contains the operations of the Scheme to date. The empirical investigation is discussed in section 4 and the constraints on the implementation of SMIEIS are highlighted in section 5. This is followed by the suggested remedial actions in section 6 and the paper is concluded in …

Political Barriers And The Transmission Of Monetary Policy Across States: The New England Antebellum Banking Market, Andrew J. Economopoulos

Business and Economics Faculty Publications

The New England antebellum banking market was examined to understand the interaction of political ideology and economic forces. With each state controlling bank entry, hence the money supply, political ideology could impede the supply of money within a state. However, the monetary forces from neighboring states may have influenced the degree to which parties held true to their political ideology. The results indicate that political ideology was an effective barrier in two of the six states, while three states were responsive to neighbor states' monetary policy regardless of political ideology. These states responded by creating new banks, raising existing capital …

Evaluation Of The Hud Elder Cottage Housing Opportunity (Echo) Program, C Theodore Koebel, Julia Beamish, Karen A. Danielsen, Virginia Polytechnic Institute And State University

Public Policy and Leadership Faculty Publications

ECHO housing was introduced in the United States in the 1980s based on a program started in Australia in 1975. An ECHO unit is a small house in which an elderly person resides and which is placed near the home of a host (either relatives or close friends of the elderly person). The purpose of this arrangement is to make it convenient and efficient for the occupants of the host family dwelling to provide assistance to the elderly person residing in the smaller ECHO house.

Although ECHO housing provides a means for keeping an elderly resident close to family and …

A Comparative Analysis Of The Rationality Of Consensus Forecasts Of U. S. Economic Indicators, David C. Schirm

Economics & Finance

The purpose of this article is to investigate the rationality of two survey forecasts of selective U. S. macroeconomic performance measures that were widely followed in the financial markets during the 1990-2000 period. The research compares the rationality of survey forecast data from Money Market Services, Inc., and Thomson Financial. This article extends prior research that has evaluated the rationality of Money Market Services data for earlier time periods while also evaluating similar consensus forecast data from Thomson Financial that were widely reported in both Barron's and the Wall Street Journal during the 1990s.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2002, Norma Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the economic contributions, expenditures, and average daily spending of nonresident visitors to Montana during 2002.

The Economic Impact Of The Yucca Mountain Nuclear Waste Repository On The Economy Of Nevada, Mary Riddel, Martin Boyett, R. Keith Schwer

Publications (YM)

Current Yucca Mountain Project (YMP) operations provide relatively high-wage employment to the Nevada economy and constitute an economically stable proportion of the total gross state product (GSP). If the YMP were discontinued, economic losses, relative to the current economy, would be substantial. In 2000, the YMP contributed $195.7 million to the Nevada economy and an additional $188.6 million in 2001. The YMP was responsible for 3,650 jobs in 2000. This translates into a real disposable income of roughly $131 million earned each year in the state of Nevada.

The Relativity Of Risk Assessments In Investment Decisions, Michael Sack Elmaleh

Michael Sack Elmaleh

The level of risk in investing in a closely held firm is related to the qualifications of the control managing investor. While there is generally a minimum threshold of expertise and capital that a control investor must possess, beyond this threshold the potential levels of expertise and capital can vary significantly. The level of enterprise risk is inversely related to the level of expertise and capital possessed by the control investor. The more resources and expertise the investor possesses, the less the operational risk. Thus enterprise risk is a relative and not an inherent fixed property of an enterprise. Furthermore, …

Economic Impact Of Utep Retirees On The El Paso Economy, David A. Schauer, Dennis L. Soden

IPED Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

The Regional Capacity And Possible Expansion Of Fort Bliss, Texas: 2003, Brent Mccune, Alejandro R. Almanzán, David A. Schauer, Dennis L. Soden

IPED Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Economic Impact Of Visitors To Utep On The El Paso Economy, David A. Schauer, Dennis L. Soden

IPED Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

The State Of The Region: Hampton Roads 2003, James V. Koch, Aditi Agarwal, Vinod Agarwal, John R. Broderick, Gary Chiaverotti, Chris Colburn, Vicky Curtis, Steve Daniel, Susan Hughes, Enrique T. Inclan, Tatiana Isakovski, Sharon Lomax, John R. Lombard, Trish Manthey, Grace Wu, Gilbert Yochum

Economics Faculty Books

This is Old Dominion University's fourth annual "State of the Region" report. While it represents the work of many people connected in various ways to the university, the report does not constitute an official viewpoint of Old Dominion, or it's president, Dr. Roseann Runte.

The report maintains the goal of stimulating thought and discussion that ultimately will make Hampton Roads an even better place to live. We are proud of our region's many successes, but realize that it is possible to improve our performance. In order to do so, we must have accurate information about "where we are" and a …

Challenges And Responses : An Analysis Of Economic Development Among Some East Asian Newly Industrializing Countries (Nics) Or Areas; The Effect Of Their Using Tax Incentive Systems To Attract Foreign Investment With Lessons From Taiwan's Tax Incentive System As An Illustration, Li Pai Chia Kuo

Theses and Dissertations

Sustained economic development since World War II was the phenomenon of the "East Asian Miracle," although the glory was tainted by the impact of the 1997 Asian financial crisis. South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, and Hong Kong were among the East Asian Newly Industrializing Countries (NICs) who shared the phenomena but each had unique circumstances with which to deal. China, on the other hand, stagnated before the 1978 opening to the world but has improved spectacularly economically since, and retains its momentum going into the new millennium. The motive and dynamics of the East Asian economic phenomena have been studied thoroughly, …

Family Businesses' Contribution To The U.S. Economy: A Closer Look, Joseph H. Astrachan, Melissa Carey Shanker

Faculty and Research Publications

In 1995, we were commissioned to conduct research on the impact of family businesses on the U.S. economy. A search of all relevant research led to the conclusion that the majority of existing data relating to family businesses' economic contributions were not grounded in empirical research, and the definitions used to distinguish family businesses from other enterprises were ambiguous or nonexistent. In 1996, we published a paper providing a framework for assessing the economic impact of family businesses across three ranges, defined by the degree of family involvement in the businesses. This paper revisits that research and updates and improves …

Montana Nonresident Seasonal Travel Comparisons: 2002, Norma Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the 2002 seasonal visitation and length of stay data for nonresident travelers to Montana. It also displays average daily spending for various expenditure categories, as well as total expenditures for those categories.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: 2002, Norma Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examines spending profiles of nonresident travelers to Montana. It displays the average daily expenditures by purpose of trip for different spending categories during 2002.