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New Environmental Demands And The Future Of The Helsinki−Tallinn Freight Route, Olli-Pekka Hilmola, Harri Lorentz, Dawna L. Rhoades
New Environmental Demands And The Future Of The Helsinki−Tallinn Freight Route, Olli-Pekka Hilmola, Harri Lorentz, Dawna L. Rhoades
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The environmental friendliness of short sea shipping has been justified in Europe by the ensuing lower congestion at hinterlands and unneeded large-scale infrastructure investments on roads and railways. However, the attractiveness of short sea shipping is about to change. This is because of increasing environmental regulations (International Maritime Organization (IMO) sulfur regulation in the Baltic Sea and planned CO2 emissions trading) and increased world market oil prices. In this research, we analyze this potential change using data envelopment analysis on the existing transportation chain alternatives in the Helsinki (Finland)−Tallinn (Estonia) short sea route (chains using either roro, ropax or container …