Business Commons^™

A New Approach To Financial Literacy Education Through An Introductory Business Course, Megan Klein

Honors Theses

This study discusses the overall definition of financial literacy, dissects the shortcomings of financial education, and identifies key factors that influence financial awareness of young adults. The survey is conducted through the use of classroom-based survey on a population of collegeage students at Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Michigan. As a result, we found that although significant improvement was not present between the pre and post-course surveys, the student’s perception of their personal knowledge and confidence in applying the topics tested significantly improved throughout the course of the semester. In conclusion, we believe that further research should be examined into …

Ethical Monetization For Social Media Companies, Leo Phillips

Honors Theses

The most popular social media companies today all monetize primarily through the same revenue stream, advertising. Popular social media strategies have developed similar methods to increase the advertising revenue that each user generates. These strategies for monetization have become ever increasingly exploitative and harmful to the social media user population as these major companies are gripped in a technological arms race to capture as much of their user’s time and attention as possible. The effects of increased social media use are a general overall decline in our society’s physical, emotional, and social health (Haugen, 2021 & Harris, 2019). These health …

Accounting And Sustainability: Cost And Benefit, Emma Smith

Honors Theses

In today’s busy, complex, and technically advanced world, it is too easy to get caught up in day to day activities that distract from what needs to be accomplished and conserved. Therefore, there is a needed emphasis on sustainability in all industries, more specifically in the realm of accounting with respect to protecting the environment and citizens. Whether it be material, information, or human capital sustainability, appropriate practices are important and require attention (Sustainability Accounting Standards Board). This thesis will (a) document information regarding the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board, (b) discuss sustainability practices businesses can take to benefit the environment …

The Effects Of The H2-A Program On Southwest Michigan Farmers, Marisol Quiroz

Honors Theses

Growing up as the daughter of migrant farm laborers has sparked an interest in researching the effects of the H-2A program. With more and more unwilling domestic laborers, farmers were left with a significant lack of workers. The H-2A program is a guest worker program, that brings foreign laborers into the United States in order to assist farmers in their harvesting efforts. The lack of willing domestic labors to assist farmers in times of harvest has created the need for such program. This is a reoccurring trait throughout American history, where other guest worker programs such as the H-2A program …

An Examination Of Western Michigan University's Financial Statements, Jordan Farrel

Honors Theses

In the attempt to fulfill the university’s mission, the leaders must constantly balance each decision and its effect on the various stakeholders at the university. Students, faculty, and outside enterprises all want what is best for themselves, and sometimes those wants can clash. In order to ensure that the university is allocating its resources in a way that is beneficial to stakeholders collectively and focuses on the long-term, financial analysis can be done on the university’s annual financial reports. The financial reports for universities experienced massive changes in the early to late 1990s as the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) …

The Effects Of Repealing The Estate Tax And Reducing The Corporate Tax Rate Coupled With A Repatriation Act, Trenton Vanderlende

Honors Theses

Given that significant U.S. federal tax reform is taking place for the first time in over 30 years, this paper examines how changing specific tax provisions may affect the average individual taxpayer as well as the wealthiest 1% of Americans. Three potential federal tax law changes are addressed: repealing the estate tax, reducing the corporate statutory income tax rate, and offering a repatriation holiday for remitting the foreign profits earned by U.S. businesses. These changes are analyzed using publicly available data from U.S. Congressional hearings, the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA), and the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Based on this …

Who Is The One Percent?, Christopher Chupp

Honors Theses

This paper explores the topic of the wealthiest one percent of Americans, in terms of net economic wealth. I have observed many generalizations of this group from school, work, media, and so forth, thus, I will be approaching the topic from a statistical standpoint to gain a deeper understanding of the role that these Americans play in our society. The goal of this paper is to inform the reader, through the presentation and discussion of available data used to define this group. To accomplish this, I will be covering several topics. First, I will discuss who the one percent is …

Corporate Social Reponsibility Reporting: Industry Comparisons, Yu Cao

Honors Theses

According to the shareholder theory, the sole social responsibility of a company is to increase its profits and shareholders’ value (Friedman, 1970). However, the stakeholder theory states that a company owes the social responsibility to a wider group of stakeholders (Donaldson & Preston, 1995). Stakeholders refer to any person or group which can affect or be affected by the actions of a business, such as employees, customers, suppliers, creditors, competitors and the wider community. Around the world, more and more firms are increasing their engagement in corporate social responsibility (hereafter, CSR) and exploit CSR as the center of their corporate …

The Effects Of Tourism In Jamaica, Natalie Kearns

Honors Theses

Tourism is a fast and continuously growing industry throughout every region of the world. The effect that tourism has on a location usually isn’t the first thought when vacationers enter their destination location. In order to understand the effect of tourists and the tourist industry have had on Jamaica, I examined Jamaica’s historical development, including the tourist industry and the racial inequalities that developed as slaves were brought to the island. Then, using theories on place, identity, and authenticity, I conducted a content analysis of images tourists see while researching vacations to Jamaica.

This analysis confirmed that tourism to Jamaica …

Tax Effects Of The Affordable Care Act On Individuals And Small Businesses, Lindsey Atteberry

Honors Theses

This paper examines how the Affordable Care Act, passed into law in 2010, will affect individuals and businesses in regards to taxes. There are many different tax implications resulting from the Affordable Care Act. For individuals, these include the premium assistance credit, the net investment income tax, the increase in the medical expenses deduction threshold, the additional hospital insurance for high-income tax payers, and the individual mandate. For small businesses, these include the small business tax credit, the excise tax, and the new SIMPLE cafeteria plans which are now available. After discussing these new taxes and tax credits, several cases …

The Dynamics Of Business Communication: A Look At Social Media Use In The Workplace, Lindsey Munro

Honors Theses

This paper reviews the use of social media in a work place setting. Reviews on the history of social media and definitions are initially made to prepare the reader for the language of the paper. The main section of the paper covers the advantages and disadvantages of social media use in the work place from the perspective of inside an organization using a private social media platform. Private social media platforms are referred to as enterprise social media. Enterprise social media has advantages and disadvantages when used for communication in team settings, for individual communication and learning, and for knowledge …

The Effectiveness Internal Auditing Has To Help Improving Companies, Kelsey Miller

Honors Theses

Internal auditing is an independent consulting activity done within the company to insure and improve a company’s operation. The thesis is going to look at, if internal auditing has good effectiveness and efficiency in helping improve companies. Can internal auditing help a company stay on the right track? In the past, there has been much fraud, lies, scandals made by big companies, like Enron and Worldcom. These upsets have cost investors billions of dollars when the share prices of affected companies collapsed. Internal auditing should be able to know what is going on in the company and create ways to …

A Discussion Of Ethics In Relation To Business And Non-Business Students, Casey Mejeur

Honors Theses

In recent years, society has seen a major shift when it comes to the importance of ethical behavior, and also in what constitutes ethical behavior. One of the biggest reasons for this shift is because of scandals in the last couple of decades (ex. Enron). As the public loses trust in upper management because of these scandals, a greater emphasis is placed on the importance of ethics. This paper discusses ethics in relation to business majors and how their behaviors carry over into the workforce.

The thesis begins by determining different sources of ethical behavior, and what may drive people …

Impact Of Adoption Of Ifrs 8 On Quality Of Financial Reporting Of Foreign Companies Listed On U.S. Securities Exchanges, Qiqi Li

Honors Theses

In this study, the results on the difference between reporting under IFRS 8 “Operating Segments” and under IAS 14 “Segment Reporting” are reported for a sample of foreign publicly traded companies listed on the U.S. stock exchanges for the periods of pre- and post-adoption of IFRS 8. Seven aspects related to the comparison are examined: definition of segments, number of segments disclosed, line items reported for each segment, number of items and words reported for segments, number of geographic areas disclosed, definition of geographic segments, and items reported in geographic disclosure. Upon adopting IFRS 8, the …

Cost Accounting Applied To Farming In Southwest Michigan, Toni Fisher

Honors Theses

The purpose of this study is to discuss how cost accounting is applied to the farming process. Specifically, this study evaluates and defines costs incurred within the farming industry where products are produced and sold after being generated from raw materials. Successful farmers must know the costs of raw materials acquired to produce cash corps.

While there are many types of crops farmed in southwest Michigan, this study specializes in cash crops, specifically corn and soybean production. Cost accounting methods applicable to the farming industry are introduced, discussed and applied in this study. A spreadsheet is presented which displays typical …

Economic Effects Of A Lifo Reserve Rollover, Michael Eubanks

Honors Theses

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) have been working together toward the convergence of accounting standards to provide a single set of high quality global standards. Companies who are currently in compliance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) will need to make necessary adjustments as those standards converge with International Standards. GAAP uses a rules based approach while the IFRS is more principle based. These contrasting approaches create differences that need to be reconciled at various levels of the two standards’ applications. Perhaps the most telling example, under AIS 2 Inventories, the …

Financial And Management Records For Wmu Softball, Lindsey M. Truitt

Honors Theses

The major purpose of this thesis is to create new documents, charts, and forms to better organize the financial, recruiting, and travel information for the Western Michigan University (WMU) softball team. The three forms created include a hotel log, recruiting log, and budget form. Each form is essential for recording events and should enhance the efficiency and ease of recordkeeping. The forms will also help with organizing different files and information. The creation of a hotel log will help plan softball trips and provide a history of well-liked hotels with reasonable prices in locations convenient to the playing fields. The …

The Increased Savings Of Cash By United States Firms, Robert M. Zak Jr.

Honors Theses

Today, many United States firms are holding nearly double the amount of cash they held in the 1980s. The purpose of this discussion is to interpret and analyze the increase of cash-holdings of United States firms throughout the last 30 years, and to determine exactly how and why firms are holding so much more cash than they used to hold in the past. This discussion conveys significant reasons of why firms throughout the United States are holding more cash, including: a recent drop in on-hand inventories, an increased risk of cash flows for firms, money spent on capital by firms …

Harley-Davidson, Inc.: A Strategic Audit, Sheila Lenz

Honors Theses

Thesis presents a strategic audit to assess the strategy of Harley-Davidson, Inc. Includes financial information, risks and strategies, and marketing information.

Running Out Of Options: An Investigation Of Stock-Based Compensation, Mark A. Powell

Honors Theses

One of the most heated debates witnessed by the accounting industry was rekindled at the dawn of the new millennium, a resurgence of an issue discussed from the early 1990s. Brought to new light, in part by the corporate debacles of Enron and WorldCom (among others), the concern of expensing employee stock options has taken a forefront in the halls of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). Not only is the accounting profession facing a difficult polarization of ideas as to how to appropriately account for stock options, but Congress has also joined in the discussion and has threatened intervention …

The Effects Of Fasb Statement No. 121 On Financial Statements, Karen Courtade

Honors Theses

As managers contemplate the adoption of SFAS 121, Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to be Disposed of, most will be considering the impact of these new requirements on their particular reporting situation. This effect is important to managers because whenever the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issues a new statement, financial statements need to be in compliance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). New requirements also cause tax and auditing concerns, effects on financial statement users, and extra costs to companies involved. The FASB's intent in issuing SFAS 121 was to force more …

A Study Of The Utility And Validity Of Earnings Forecasts, Michael P. Howell

Honors Theses

According to William J. Casey, the past Chairman of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and recently appointed Under Secretary of State and Economic Affairs, forecasting should be the first and most important priority of all areas of management and public accounting. Only large institutional investment corporations have had access to such "useful" information when needed. Consequently, large investors are able to make more objective and intelligent investment decisions. A recent study determined that few investment corporations veritably have access to pertinent internal forecasting models. In fact, when interviewed, many executives claimed that even if they could procure such information, they …