Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons^™

Social Media As Second Creation: Cyber-Space As A Denial Of Cosmic Community, Carter Ford

Scholar Week 2016 - present

Social media aims to move the communal sphere into the digital world. It is often quipped that the current generation is the most “connected” yet “disconnected” generation in history. If social media truly succeeds in moving the social community into a digital sphere, what is the source of the widely experienced disconnect from one another? I will argue that evaluating social media in light of Bonhoeffer’s cosmic community reveals that social media insufficiently invades the space of human relationship, not capable of supporting either connection between individuals or creation. Thus, rather than affirming real relationship online, social media replaces community …

Best Leadership Practices Of Senior Pastors In The Church Of The Nazarene, David Thornhill

Ed.D. Dissertations

The current study explored the leadership style and practices of 12 senior pastors in the Church of the Nazarene in the United States whose churches had experienced numerical growth under their leadership. The researcher theorized that uncovering the common leadership style and common leadership practices of these pastors would lead to suggesting growth strategies that may be taught to clergy and applied to churches in the USA region of the Church of the Nazarene. This qualitative collective case study revealed collaboration as the common leadership style among pastors of growing churches. This study also identified 11 common leadership practices among …

Augustine Of Hippo: A Historical Theology Critique, Zachary Monte

Honors Program Projects

This study evaluates how current historical theology survey texts understand and present the theology of Augustine. The texts are examined to assess the following: accuracy of presentation on discussed topics, specific theological topics Augustine addressed excluded in the surveys, and theological bias on the part of the authors. The historical theology surveys include Gregg Allison’s Historical Theology: An Introduction to Christian Doctrine, Justo González’s A History of Christian Thought, and Alister McGrath’s Historical Theology: An Introduction to the History of Christian Thought. The three major topics treated include Augustine’s Trinitarian thought, the Donatist Controversy, and the Pelagian Controversy. The findings …

Augustine Of Hippo: A Historical Theology Evaluation, Zachary Monte

Scholar Week 2016 - present

Historical Theology Survey Critique: Augustine of Hippo evaluates how current historical theology survey texts understand and present the theology of Augustine. The texts will be examined to assess the following: the accuracy of presentation on discussed topics, the specific theological topics which Augustine addressed which are excluded in the surveys, and if there is any discernible theological bias on the part of the authors. The historical theology surveys that are focused on within this research paper include Greg Allison’s Historical Theology: An Introduction to Christian Doctrine, Justo González’s A History of Christian Thought, and Alister McGrath’s Historical Theology: An Introduction …

Origen’S Christian Philosophy: Misunderstood Master Or Horrendous Heretic?, Shelby Karch

Scholar Week 2016 - present

Throughout history, there has been no more a divisive figure than Origen of Alexandria with regards to his teachings being considered complete heresy or pure genius. Heretic or not, it is unquestionable that Origen’s innovative influence as the Father of Systematic Theology is far-reaching in Christian philosophy and systematic theology. His most important written work, On First Principles, exemplifies the most important goals of systematic theology by organizing the foundations of faith thematically to be best understood. Because he is one of the first to present theology in this manner, his method can be directly traced to secular sources. …

Elaia 2019, Stephen Case

ELAIA

DIRECTOR'S NOTE in Volume 2

Each fall, the Honors Program at Olivet Nazarene University admits a small number of academically gifted students into its freshman class. From the moment they set foot on our campus, these women and men join a community of scholars, and together they read, reflect upon, and discuss the most important ideas of the past and present—all within a Christian fellowship. The first two years of the program involve a series of Honors courses, taught by a team of faculty and modeled on the historic “old-time college,” where small class relationships, interdisciplinary discussion, and debate prevailed. …

Can The Holy Grail Teach Us About Holiness?, Karen Knudson

Scholar Week 2016 - present

In Malory's Tale of the Sankgreal, Galahad is presented as a knight who, as part of a magus tradition, is unique to history, with singular, supernatural traits as he completes the quest for the Holy Grail, but who, as part of another tradition, is also presented as a pilgrim in whose footsteps the earnest, Christian knight can follow and learn. Through the narrative of medieval romance, the pilgrim Galahad illuminates the path from practical wisdom, through disengagement with worldly realities, to ultimate union with Christ.

Open Theodicy: Can Open Theism Answer The Problem Of Evil?, Nicholas Schoon

Scholar Week 2016 - present

In the summer of 2005, people living in the residential areas surrounding the Gulf of Mexico would have their lives changed forever. Hurricane Katrina ravaged the Gulf Coast, resulting in over 1,000 fatalities and displacing millions of others. The category 5 major hurricane is recorded as one of the costliest and deadliest storms in United States history. While many are at a loss for words at such a devastation, one common question is echoed from the mouths of those in disbelief: “Where was God?” “Why did this happen?” “Why didn’t he prevent this from happening?” It seems common for humanity …

Stewardship, Jacob Arnold

Sylvanus Carter Homiletics Award

This is a sermon submission for the 2018 Sylvanus Carter Homiletics Award. The sermon originates from Philippians 4:10-20 (NIV) and discusses the topic of stewardship. This was presented to a group of professors and peers within the School of Theology and Christian Ministry on April 10th, 2018. It was one of three presented, with Hannah Jones receiving first, Marcus Winters second, Jacob Arnold third.

Discovering The Current Opinions Of The Lesbian, Gay, Bi-Sexual, Transgender, And Questioning Individuals Towards The Evangelical Protestant Churches, Joseph Dagostino

Scholar Week 2016 - present

This research addressed the current opinions held by the LGBTQ community toward Evangelical Protestant churches. As a Pastor of a church that is concerned about this subject, the researcher developed and implemented a survey instrument that attempted to discover the over-all opinions, differences among sexual orientations in opinions, factors that encouraged and discouraged LGBTQ individuals’ involvement within Evangelical Protestant churches, and various levels of involvement by the participants in Evangelical Protestant churches. The researcher used the services of Survey Gizmo to distribute the survey tool amongst those self-identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and questioning to complete the survey instrument. …

Square Peg: Why Wesleyans Aren't Fundamentalists, Al Truesdale (Editor), Craighton T. Hippenhammer

Faculty Scholarship – Library Science

A review of a book that delineates the differences between Christian fundamentalism and Wesleyanism, including theological control beliefs and why the distinctions matter, written by and published by well-known leaders in the Church of the Nazarene.

Me And We: God's New Social Gospel, Leonard Sweet, Craighton T. Hippenhammer

Faculty Scholarship – Library Science

A review of a book by Leonard Sweet that attempts to redefine the old social gospel into a new social gospel that is more evangelical in nature than the recent social justice movement.

Wesleyanism, Fundamentalism, And The Dones, Mature Christians Who Are Done With The Institutional Church: Two Book Reviews, Craighton Hippenhammer

Scholar Week 2016 - present

Book #1: "Square Peg: Why Wesleyans Aren't Fundamentalists," written by Nazarene and published by the Nazarene Publishing House. Book #2: "Church Refugees: Sociologists Reveal Why People Are DONE with Church but Not Their Faith," by Josh Packard and Ashleigh Hope, which tells why there are mature, highly educated Christians leaving the institutional church. The reasons why they are leaving are for the same four unexpected reasons. While these folks may not be large in numbers, they may be large in impact because they are doers and leaders at all levels of the church, so they may be leading the church …

Church Refugees: Sociologists Reveal Why People Are Done With Church But Not Their Faith, Craighton T. Hippenhammer (Reviewer)

Faculty Scholarship – Library Science

This is a sociological study written for church leaders that examines the phenomenon of mature Christians leaving the institutional church, who keeping their faith, look for alternatives to church, having become convinced that church as it exists is detrimental to their spiritual growth.

Can We Still Believe The Bible? An Evangelical Engagement With Contemporary Questions By Craig L. Blomberg, Craighton T. Hippenhammer (Reviewer)

Faculty Scholarship – Library Science

This book is an apologetic treatment of six questions most often asked these days about the reliability of the Bible. Those questions are: Aren’t the copies of the Bible hopelessly corrupt? Wasn’t the selection of books for the canon just political? Can we trust any of our translations of the Bible? Don’t these issues rule out biblical inerrancy? Aren’t several narrative genres of the Bible unhistorical? And don’t all the miracles make the Bible mythical?

An Existential Interpretation Of The Doctrine Of Holiness, Mildred Bangs Wynkoop

Wesleyan Holiness Books

The purpose of this book is three-fold. First, to analyze and evaluate the status of the "holiness" message today. In this analysis the problems raised by the preaching of holiness will be faced squarely. Then, a fresh examination of the Scriptures will be attempted upon which the holiness message is based. Finally, a constructive theological statement will be proposed in which, it is hoped, some of the most serious questions will find a satisfactory answer.

This is not a book for the scholar primarily though it is hoped he will find it worth his time to examine either to approve, …

Resourcing The Postmodern Pastor: An Examination Of Young Pastors’ Attitudes And The Implications For Denominational Publishers, Bonnie J. Perry

Ed.D. Dissertations

This study explored the influence of postmodernity on the changing attitudes of young pastors regarding spirituality and discipleship in their adult congregants. The purpose of this study was to educate and equip Christian publishers to resource young pastors who are ministering in a postmodern culture. The study focused on Church of the Nazarene pastors 35 years old or younger in the calendar year 2012, exploring their attitudes toward Christian faith, spirituality, and discipleship. At certain junctures in the study, the young pastors’ attitudes were compared to those of pastors who were 36 years or older in order to determine what …

The Message In Our Music : What Popular Congregational Songs Say About Our Beliefs, Neal W. Woodruff, Mark A. Frisius

Faculty Scholarship and Creative Work – Music

Congregational singing is a source of basic theological instruction, both reflecting and shaping what we believe. It is crucial, therefore, that we say what we believe when we sing. In this study, the authors focused on the songs most accessed by users of the Christian Copyright Licensing, Inc. (CCLI) service between 2006-2012. Twenty songs were identified as having received significant usage during this time period.

The results of this study found that a representative sampling of the lyrics of the most popular congregational songs did not sufficiently express foundational concepts of the Christian faith. Although individual congregations may have a …

Engaging Capitalism With Wesleyan Theology, Paul R. Koch, Kevin Twain Lowery

Faculty Scholarship – Economics

In this paper presented at the Wesleyan Theological Society Annual Meeting in March 2014, two professors from Olivet Nazarene University – one from the field of Economics and the other from Theology – address the intersection of Wesleyan theology and ethics with the theoretical foundations of capitalism. The paper consists of four major sections:

• A Wesleyan voice in the capitalist jungle
• The compatibility of capitalism and Wesleyan thought
• Elements of Wesleyan theology most relevant to capitalism
• Toward a Wesleyan approach to free market economics

My Struggle With Evolution, Kevin Twain Lowery

Faculty Scholarship – Theology

The author recalls the long, personal struggle he had with accepting evolution, due to the challenges evolution posed for the Fundamentalist Evangelical beliefs he was taught since early childhood. He relates how he eventually was able to accept evolution and to reconcile it with his Christian faith, but not without yielding his former fundamentalist dogmatism. At the end of the essay, the author describes some key ways that evolution impacts traditional Christian theology.

A Theodicy Of Redemptive Suffering In African American Involvement Led By Absalom Jones And Richard Allen In The Philadelphia Yellow Fever Epidemic Of 1793, Kyle Boone

Undergraduate Student Scholarship – History

This paper is a historical investigation into the involvement of African Americans during the Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793. It explores key figures, details, medical realities, and media representation. The particular focus lies on the dilemma of suffering in the world and how the African American understanding of evil in this community led to their decision of involvement. Their understanding of theodicy will be weighed against modern philosophical and theological attempts to deal with theodicy.

Wesleyan Theology And Christian Ethics, Kevin Twain Lowery

Faculty Scholarship – Theology

This presentation provides an overview of the intersection between Wesleyan theology and Christian ethics, essentially sketching the contours of Wesleyan moral theology. Of all the available options for framing Christian ethics, Wesleyan theology’s doctrines of: 1) sin, 2) prevenient grace, 3) revelation, and 4) sanctification make it best suited for virtue ethics. In essence, conscience (i.e., practical reasoning) and moral transformation are the primary means to pursuing the goals of moral purity, wholehearted love for God and others, and acting in ways that glorify God and edify others. Nevertheless, like other versions of virtue ethics, Wesleyan virtue ethics still requires …

A Wesleyan Approach To Knowledge, Kevin Twain Lowery

Faculty Scholarship – Theology

This presentation explores how Wesley’s philosophical and theological commitments shaped his approach to scriptural interpretation, and how this has particular implications for doing faith integration. Within this presentation, the empiricist tradition is defined and compared with rationalism, Catholic and Reformed/Calvinist views on human nature and divine providence are compared with Wesleyan views, the Wesleyan doctrine of grace is explained, and the roots of the Wesleyan Quadrilateral are traced.

Wesleyan values call for an integrative approach to faith. Knowledge should not be compartmentalized into sacred and secular spheres. An integrative approach to knowledge and faith suggests that we should seek to …

Approaching Christianity: Exploring The Tragic Impact Of Greek Philosophical Thought On Christian Thought, Tammy Galvan-Barnett

M.A. in Political Theory Theses

This study explores the impact of Greek philosophical thought on Christian thought. I argue that Greek dualism is the fundamental contradiction in Christian thought creating problems for the doctrines of Christianity and ultimately thwarting a biblical approach to Christianity. From the early days of Christianity, Greek philosophy became absorbed into Christian thinking. Christian theology is often incorrectly interpreted through Platonic metaphysics. Platonic Christianity distinguishes between sacred and secular realms of the cosmos and devalues physical things. Furthermore, the tragedy is not only that Greek philosophy has had such a profound impact on Christianity, but also that its influence is still …

Frank Lloyd Wright: Influences And Worldview, Brock Stafford

M.A. in Philosophy of History Theses

Wright was uniquely qualified to see the changing face of America. Born two years after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln and the end of the Civil War, Wright lived to nearly ninety-two years of age. During his lifetime, he lived through the American Industrial Revolution, both World Wars, the Wright Brothers flight, the invention of television.... Architecturally, he straddles the gap between the neoclassical period of the 19th century, marked by the admiration of Greek and Roman architecture, and the modernism of the 20th. Philosophically, he was a product of the early 19th century Romanticism, but followed his own, often …

Symbolic And Literal Interpretations Of Eschatological Passages: Reconsidering Biblical Language, Carl M. Leth

Faculty Scholarship – Theology

The lessons of the history of exegesis serve as the primary resource in addressing the question of problematic eschatological passages of Scripture and the challenge of rightly discerning the correct reading. Our goal is a hermeneutic that is adequate for our understanding of the text. If our understanding of the text – and the reality to which it refers - is multivalent, then our hermeneutic must be adequate to account for multivalent meaning. Neither endlessly plural, nor narrowly referential, historical exegesis approaches the text as rich with inherent, but multivalent meaning. When asked if the text should be understood literally …

The Quest For The Historical Jesus' Use Of Gehenna: A Critical Appraisal Of The Work Of N. T. Wright And His Portrayal Of The Eschatology Of The Historical Jesus, Ian C. Cole

M.A. in Biblical Studies Theses

The Quest for the Historical Jesus is a hallmark of modern biblical scholarship that has, in recent decades, given birth to the so-called “Third Quest.” A prominent “Third Quest” scholar, N. T. Wright, and his work are the focus of this study. After summarizing some of the monumental works of Historical Jesus research throughout its 200+ year history (chapter 1), this thesis presents a summary of Historical Jesus research since the 1980s (chapter 2) and then enters into specific dialog with the work of Wright. Wright’s portrait of the Historical Jesus is summarized, with special attention given to Wright’s presentation …

Japanese Jesus: Presenting The Character Of Christ In An Eastern Context, Jessica Schewe

Honors Program Projects

This Capstone Project looks at the differences between Western and Eastern literature, focusing on the Asian genre of manga, a graphic novel. This project culminates in a Japanese graphic novel entitled Rosalee. It attempts to unite the Western concept of Christianity with the Eastern literary conventions, bridging a gap between un-churched Japan and the truth of the Gospel. The story is designed to inspire readers to read the bible and learn more about Christ.

Everyman, A Modern Adaptation (Or, Number's Down), Merrick Robison

Honors Program Projects