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European History

James Madison University

Gender

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Full-Text Articles in History

Single, Unwed, And Pregnant In Victorian London: Narratives Of Working Class Agency And Negotiation, Virginia L. Grimaldi Jun 2017

Single, Unwed, And Pregnant In Victorian London: Narratives Of Working Class Agency And Negotiation, Virginia L. Grimaldi

Madison Historical Review

Unmarried working women who got pregnant in Victorian London and were abandoned by the fathers were in a sticky situation. If a woman kept the baby, she would unlikely be able to provide for it, especially under the ‘Bastardly Act’ of the 1834 Poor Law, which deemed all illegitimate children under the sole responsibility of the mother. If she concealed her pregnancy and abandoned the child, or risked her life by having an illegal abortion, she would at best be held liable for infanticide, at worst, dead. One institutional option available to these vulnerable mothers was the London Foundling Hospital …


The Model Of Masculinity: Youth, Gender, And Education In Fascist Italy, 1922-1939, Jennifer L. Nehrt May 2015

The Model Of Masculinity: Youth, Gender, And Education In Fascist Italy, 1922-1939, Jennifer L. Nehrt

Senior Honors Projects, 2010-2019

Youth and masculinity are keys to understanding Italian Fascist culture. The Fascost regime used educational institutions to enforce binary gender roles to encourage boys grow into heroic soldiers and girls to become dutiful wives. However, by the mid-1930s, their was a frustrated awareness among the youth that the regime had not fulfilled its promise to deliver Italy to glory. Young citizens were denied a voice in the government and they became disillusioned with Fascism.