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Specific Aspects Of Social Anxiety Related To Children's Peer Sociometric Status, Abby H. Friedman
Specific Aspects Of Social Anxiety Related To Children's Peer Sociometric Status, Abby H. Friedman
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The present study examined the association between specific aspects of social anxiety and sociometric status. Participants included 268 children in grades 4, 5, and 6. The children completed the Social Anxiety Scale for Children-Revised (SASC-R) and the Social Phobia and Anxiety Inventory for Children (SPAI-C). A sociometric nomination procedure was used to categorize participants into sociometric status groups (i.e., neglected, rejected, controversial, popular, and average). Results replicated and extended previous literature. Neglected children scored the highest on both measures of social anxiety, followed by rejected children. This was one of the first investigations to associate socometric status with SPAI-C factor …
Caregiver Factors Related To Unintentional Burn Injuries In Young Children, Karen E. Joseph
Caregiver Factors Related To Unintentional Burn Injuries In Young Children, Karen E. Joseph
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The main purpose of this study was to examine the contribution of caregiver behavioral versus demographic factors to the prediction of a child burn injury and caregiver safety behavior using a sample of primary caregivers of children (aged 0--5 years) with a burn injury (case participants) or without one (comparison participants). Case participants (n = 30) were recruited from a burn center in the Northeastern United States, whereas comparison participants (n = 30) were recruited from pediatric facilities, balanced to cases by child age, gender, race, and geography, and caregiver socioeconomic and marital status. Measures of demographic and burn information, …
Pain-Related Acceptance And Physical Impairment In Individuals With Chronic Pain, Kevin E. Vowles
Pain-Related Acceptance And Physical Impairment In Individuals With Chronic Pain, Kevin E. Vowles
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Treatments using acceptance-based approaches have been utilized for a variety of health care concerns with data regarding their application to a chronic pain population recently emerging. These approaches may be particularly suited to chronic pain as they target potentially harmful avoidance and ineffective pain control strategies. Acceptance of chronic pain is related to psychosocial constructs generally (e.g., depression, pain-related anxiety); however, its relation to the overt behavioral variables associated with such states remains unevaluated. The present investigation assessed the specific effects of an acceptance-based versus control-based instructional set on demonstrated physical impairment in 74 individuals with chronic low back pain. …
Operant Conditioning In Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease, Adam P. Spira
Operant Conditioning In Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease, Adam P. Spira
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Behavioral interventions are commonly implemented to manage agitation in older adults with dementia. However, the extent to which operant conditioning can occur in this population is unclear. The present study used a button-pressing task to evaluate the sensitivity of the responding of individuals with probable Alzheimer's disease to changes in schedules of reinforcement. Results indicate that operant conditioning can occur in older adults with AD. Specifically, three participants with AD exhibited responding that was highly sensitive to a transition from a fixed interval schedule to an extinction schedule. One participant's responding was sensitive to a more subtle transition. Comparison data …
Multicultural Competence And Levels Of Effectiveness In Adventure -Based Counseling, David M. Cummins
Multicultural Competence And Levels Of Effectiveness In Adventure -Based Counseling, David M. Cummins
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
The current study explored the relationship between adventure based counselor multicultural competency and their levels of effectiveness as perceived by youth at risk. The sample consisted of 22 counselors (19 White and 3 ethnic minority) who competed the Multicultural Knowledge and Awareness Scale and 86 youth at risk participants (52 White and 34 ethnic minority) who completed the Counselor Effectiveness Rating Scale. Analysis of the data suggests a very small negative relationship between multicultural competence of adventure based counselors and their levels of effectiveness as rated by the ethnic minority and White youth at risk participants. Limitations of the study …
Detection Of Coached Malingering Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Jennifer L. Guriel
Detection Of Coached Malingering Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Jennifer L. Guriel
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Although assessing malingering is recognized as a challenge to mental health professionals who evaluate posttraumatic stress symptomatology, little empirical investigation into which factors may impact an individual's ability to feign symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been conducted. This study utilized 113 undergraduate students in a simulation design to examine the effects that traumatic exposure (i.e., a history of experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event) and coaching (i.e., providing participants with information on PTSD symptoms and strategies for avoiding detection on psychological validity indices) had on the ability to feign posttraumatic stress symptoms. Vulnerability of three different types of …
Use Of A Token Economy To Increase Exercise In Children With Cystic Fibrosis, Rebecca S. Bernard
Use Of A Token Economy To Increase Exercise In Children With Cystic Fibrosis, Rebecca S. Bernard
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Cystic fibrosis is a chronic illness that affects several major organ systems, primarily the respiratory system and the exocrine glands of the pancreatic system. The treatment regimen is extensive (e.g., medications, vitamins, high fat diet, airway clearance sessions). Although adherence to medications is high, adherence to the airway clearance techniques (chest physiotherapy and exercise) is less consistent. Increasing exercise adherence is of utmost importance because pulmonary difficulties are associated with the highest mortality rate and exercise is more beneficial than other airway clearance methods. Despite this, very little research has focused on increasing exercise adherence in this population. The purpose …
Evaluation Of Time Out-Based Discipline Strategy To Manage Children's Noncompliance With Cystic Fibrosis Treatment, Catherine Bradford Mcclellan
Evaluation Of Time Out-Based Discipline Strategy To Manage Children's Noncompliance With Cystic Fibrosis Treatment, Catherine Bradford Mcclellan
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a chronic, terminal illness that requires intensive, time-consuming, and sometimes painful treatment for optimal health and longevity. Given the complex and aversive nature of treatment, children with CF frequently develop avoidance behaviors resulting in noncompliance to parents' treatment requests. The purpose of this study was to use a single-subject reversal design to compare children's compliance with parents' typical strategies to children's compliance when a time out based discipline strategy is in effect. Participants were two children who displayed noncompliant behavior to their parent's treatment requests. Outcome measures included parent and child behaviors as assessed by an …