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Pharmacokinetics Of Vancomycin In Critically Ill Infants Undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, R. Davis Maker, Joseph T. Dipiro, Jatinder Bhatia

Publications from the Office of the Dean

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a widely used therapy for neonates with respiratory failure. Because of sepsis, many of these infants require antibiotics like vancomycin during ECMO treatment. ECMO transiently alters renal function and increases the circulating blood volume by 75%. Initial vancomycin pharmacokinetics were determined in 12 infants undergoing ECMO to determine an adequate drug administration regimen. Vancomycin dosage was based on current recommendations for weight and gestational age. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by fitting the data to a two compartment model. This study yielded a mean steady-state volume of distribution of 1.1 +/- 0.5 (range, 0.6 to 2.1) …

Physical And Chemical Stability Of Spray Dried Sugars And Protein-Sugar Molecuiar Mixtures For Inhalation, Venkatesh Naini

Theses and Dissertations

The feasibility of producing inhalable microparticles of sugars and protein-sugar molecular mixtures using spray drying was investigated as an alternative to conventional micronization techniques. Four sugars; lactose (L), trehalose (T), sucrose (S) and mannitol (M) were spray dried using a commercial bench-top spray dryer and their physicochemical stability, with respect to particle size, moisture uptake and crystallinity changes, investigated after storage at 23%, 52%, 75% and 93% relative humidity (RH) and 25 °C for 30 days. Two crystalline size fractions (“coarse” = 125-212 μm and “fine” = 44-74 μm) of each sugar, were also characterized, as possible replacements for lactose …

Evaluation Of Cannabinoid Receptor Interaction Of Anandamide, The Endogenous Cannabinoid Receptor Ligand, Irma Bateman Adams

Theses and Dissertations

Recent evidence implicates anandamide as the endogenous ligand for the cannabinoid receptor. One purpose of this study was to determine the structural requirements for anandamide's receptor interaction and the influence of phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF), an enzyme inhibitor, on receptor affinity. A second objective was evaluation of the correlation between affinities of the analogs and in vivo pharmacological activities. The ability of anandamide and analogs to displace [3H]- CP 55,940 was determined by a filtration assay. Displacement curves for anandamide in the presence of PMSF produced a Ki of 89 ± 10 nM; without PMSF the Ki increased to 5400 ± …

Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics Of Ethanol In Healthy Volunteers: Effects Of Input-Rate And Degree Of Ethanol Exposure On Subjective And Objective Measures Of Impairment, Vijay A. Ramchandani

Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this project was to investigate the effect of input-rate (oral and intravenous) and degree of exposure on the pharmacokinetics of ethanol and on subjective and objective measures of impairment, as well as on the development of acute tolerance to the effects of ethanol in young, healthy volunteers.

The primary objective of this research was to test the following hypotheses: 1) the rate and degree of ethanol exposure (oral and intravenous) in normal healthy males and females affect the pharrnacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynarnics (PD) of ethanol in a non-linear fashion; 2) the EEG changes after ethanol administration correlate …