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1992

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

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Leukocyte Function In Vitro After Adding Vitamins A, E, And Beta-Carotene (1992), S.D. Eicher, J.L. Morrill, Frank Blecha Jan 1992

Leukocyte Function In Vitro After Adding Vitamins A, E, And Beta-Carotene (1992), S.D. Eicher, J.L. Morrill, Frank Blecha

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Blood neutrophils and pulmonary alveolar macrophages isolated from calves at 3 and 6 wk of age were cultured in medium without added vitamins or supplemented with vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin A and vitamin E, or ßcarotene and vitamin E. Macrophage bactericidal activity improved with A-E supplementation compared to ß-carotene-E supplementation at wk 3. Neutrophil bactericidal activity decreased with all vitamin E treatments at wk 3 and with vitamins E and A-E at wk 6. Neutrophil phagocytosis improved at wk 3 with A, E, and A-E supplementations. The chemotactic index improved at wk 3 with ß-carotene- E compared to vitamin …

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Swine Day 1991, Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Jan 1992

Swine Day 1991, Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Blood Meal Source Influences Starter Pig Performance (1992), L J. Kats, T L. Weeden, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach Jan 1992

Blood Meal Source Influences Starter Pig Performance (1992), L J. Kats, T L. Weeden, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A total of 144 weanling pigs (initially 14.1 lb and 24 d of age) was used to compare three different blood meal sources in starter diets. The three sources included spray-dried porcine, spray-dried bovine, and flash-dried bovine blood meal. Each diet contained 10% dried whey and 2.5% of one of the three blood meal sources. Diets were formulated to contain 1.25%lysine and .31% methionine. Pigs receiving diets containing either source of spray-dried blood meal had improved average daily gain and feed efficiency during the first 2 weeks of the experiment and the overall trial compared to pigs receiving diets containing …

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Does Diet Form (Pelleted Vs Meal) Affect Optimum Particle Size Of Corn For Finishing Pigs? (1992), K J. Wondra, G A. Kennedy, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1992

Does Diet Form (Pelleted Vs Meal) Affect Optimum Particle Size Of Corn For Finishing Pigs? (1992), K J. Wondra, G A. Kennedy, Robert H. Hines, Joe D. Hancock, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred and sixty pigs, with an average initial wt of 121 lb, were used in an experiment to determine the effects of diet form and particle size on growth performance and nutrient digestibility. The pigs were fed corn-soybean meal-based diets with the corn milled to particle sizes of 1,000, 800, 600, or 400 p,m. The diets were fed in meal and pellet forms. In general, reducing particle size increased electrical energy required for milling and decreased production rate. Milling to 400 p,m, as opposed to 600 JLm, required twice as much electrical energy and reduced production rate by 50%. …

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The Interrelationship Between Genotype, Sex, And Dietary Lysine Effects On Growth Performance And Protein Accretion In Finishing Pigs Fed To 230 And 280 Lb (1992), K G. Friesen, L J. Kats, J A. Hansen, J L. Laurin, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, John A. Unruh Jan 1992

The Interrelationship Between Genotype, Sex, And Dietary Lysine Effects On Growth Performance And Protein Accretion In Finishing Pigs Fed To 230 And 280 Lb (1992), K G. Friesen, L J. Kats, J A. Hansen, J L. Laurin, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, John A. Unruh

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred and twenty pigs (initially 96 lb BW) were used to determine the interrelationship between genotype, sex, and dietary lysine effects on growth performance and carcass composition in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Genetic comparisons were made between pigs characterized by either high or medium potential for lean tissue gain. Within genotype, barrows and gilts were separately fed either a .90 or a .70% lysine diet until the mean weight of pigs in each pen of three reached 230 lb. One pig per pen was then slaughtered to determine carcass characteristics and chemical composition. From 230 …

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The Effect Of Moist And Dry Extrusion Processing On Growth Performance And Nitrogen Digestibility In The Early-Weaned Pig (1992), K G. Friesen, L J. Kats, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Keith C. Behnke Jan 1992

The Effect Of Moist And Dry Extrusion Processing On Growth Performance And Nitrogen Digestibility In The Early-Weaned Pig (1992), K G. Friesen, L J. Kats, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband, Keith C. Behnke

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred pigs (initially 13.0 lb and 21 d of age) were used to assess the differences between moist and dry extruded soybean meal in diets for early-weaned pigs. Dietary treatments included: 1) corn+ dried skim milk+dried whey+casein, 2) corn+soybean meal, 3) corn+dry extruded soybean meal, and 4) com+moist extruded soybean meal. The diets were formulated to contain 1.4% lysine and 24.4% lactose. Soybean meal (with or without extrusion processing) replaced milk protein on an equal lysine basis. Experimental diets were fed for the entire 28 d experiment. On d 14, fecal samples were collected to determine apparent DM and …

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Influence Of Fumaric Acid And Calcium Formate On Starter Pig Performance (1992), L J. Kats, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1992

Influence Of Fumaric Acid And Calcium Formate On Starter Pig Performance (1992), L J. Kats, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

A 25 d growth trial utilizing 198 pigs was conducted to determine the influence of fumaric acid and calcium formate on starter pig performance. At weaning (19 d of age and 11.9 lb), pigs were blocked by weight and allotted to one of three dietary treatments: a control diet without acid addition or diets containing 1.5% fumaric acid or 1.5% calcium formate. Adding calcium formate to the diet had no influence on average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), or feed efficiency (F/G). Pigs fed the diet containing fumaric acid had improved feed efficiency during the first 2 …

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Evaluation Of Expelled Soybean Meal In Swine Finishing Diets (1992), J L. Lauren, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen Jan 1992

Evaluation Of Expelled Soybean Meal In Swine Finishing Diets (1992), J L. Lauren, Robert D. Goodband, Michael D. Tokach, Jim L. Nelssen

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Thirty crossbred fmishing gilts (initial weight = 150 lb) were used to evaluate the effects of feeding expelled soybean meal (41% analyzed CP) or conventionally extracted soybean meal (46.5% analyzed CP) on growth performance. Gilts were fed a control diet containing conventionally processed soybean meal or diets containing expelled soybean meal formulated to replace conventionally extracted soybean meal on either a guaranteed protein basis or an analyzed protein basis. Thus, the effects of possible variation in the protein content and quality of expelled soybean meal as a result of expeller processing could be established. Gilts fed either diet containing expelled …

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Effects Of Wheat Gluten On Nursery Pig Performance (1992), B T. Richert, J L. Morrill, Joe D. Hancock Jan 1992

Effects Of Wheat Gluten On Nursery Pig Performance (1992), B T. Richert, J L. Morrill, Joe D. Hancock

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred eighty weanling pigs, averaging 23 d of age and 12.6 lb initial weight, were used to evaluate spray-dried wheat gluten (WG) in phase 1 (d 0 to 14) and(or) phase 2 (d 14 to 37) nursery diets. Phase 1 treatments were 1) dried skim milksoybean meal-dried whey-based control (DSM-SBM), 2) Diet 1 with WG and lactose used to replace the DSM (WG-SBM), and 3) Diet 1 with WG used to replace the SBM (DSM-WG). Phase 2 treatments were 1) corn-SBM-dried whey-based control and 2) WG and lactose used to replace the dried whey. During phase 1, diets with …

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The Effect Of Dietary Soybean Meal Level In Phase I On Subsequent Phase Ii Growth Performance (1992), K G. Friesen, L J. Kats, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach Jan 1992

The Effect Of Dietary Soybean Meal Level In Phase I On Subsequent Phase Ii Growth Performance (1992), K G. Friesen, L J. Kats, Robert D. Goodband, Jim L. Nelssen, Michael D. Tokach

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

One hundred and four pigs (initially 11.7 lb and 21 d of age) were used to determine the effect dietary soybean meal has on growth performance in the early-weaned pig. Pigs were fed one of four diets from d 0 to 14 postweaning. Diets were formulated to 1.5% lysine and 24.4% lactose with either 0, 7.5, 15.0, or 22.5% soybean meal. Soybean meal and lactose replaced dried skim milk to maintain equal lysine and lactose levels. From d 14 to 35 postweaning, all pigs were fed a common (1.25% lysine) corn-soybean meal diet containing 10% dried whey and 4% select …

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The Effects Of Slow-Release Copper Boluses On Cow Reproductive Performance And Calf Growth, J.D. Arthington, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah Jan 1992

The Effects Of Slow-Release Copper Boluses On Cow Reproductive Performance And Calf Growth, J.D. Arthington, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two Kansas cow/calf herds known to be copper deficient were utilized to examine the effect of slow-release copper boluses. In herd I, 34 spring-calving cows and calves were divided into a treated and control group at 3-4 months following calving. In herd II, 1106 fall-calving cows and 172 calves were divided into a treated and control group at 3-4 months following calving. In both herds, cow liver and serum samples were collected and assayed for copper and iron. Cows in herd II were also examined for various reproductive parameters. Calf ADG was monitored over a 42-day treatment period in herd …

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Effect Of Supplemental Grain Sorghum And Overseeding With Ladino Clover On Grazing And Subsequent Feedlot Performance Of Steers Early-Intensively Grazed On Acremonium Coenophialum - Infected Tall Fescue Pastures, K.P. Coffey, Joseph L. Moyer, Lyle W. Lomas, F.K. Brazle Jan 1992

Effect Of Supplemental Grain Sorghum And Overseeding With Ladino Clover On Grazing And Subsequent Feedlot Performance Of Steers Early-Intensively Grazed On Acremonium Coenophialum - Infected Tall Fescue Pastures, K.P. Coffey, Joseph L. Moyer, Lyle W. Lomas, F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Eighty mixed breed steers (avg. wt. 560 lb.) were used to evaluate the effect on grazing gain and subsequent feedlot performance of different management options for steers early-intensively grazing Acremonium coenophialuminfected tall fescue pastures. Steers were allotted to pastures of infected fescue pastures or infected fescue overseeded with ladino clover and received no supplement or were offered grain sorghum at .25% of their body weight. Neither supplementation nor overseeding affected grazing or feedlot performance. However, grain supplementation on overseeded pastures reduced subsequent feedlot feed efficiency (P<.10). These management options did not substantially affect grazing or subsequent feedlot performance by steers early-intensively grazing infected fescue pastures.

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Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin F2Α System: Iii. Timed Insemination After 72 Hours Of Estrous Detection, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah Jan 1992

Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin F2Α System: Iii. Timed Insemination After 72 Hours Of Estrous Detection, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The percentage of heifers conceiving to artificial insemination (AI) following melengestrol acetate/prostaglandin F2"(MGA®/PG) estrous synchronization can be increased by mass insemination of all heifers not showing estrus by 72 h after PG. Inseminating at 12 h after estrus detection all heifers showing estrus within 72 h after PG; then inseminating those not detected in estrus by 72 h after PG as a group increased the proportion of heifers conceiving to AI by 10.8%.

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Record-Keeping Systems For Beef Safety And Feedlot Health, C.D. Cranwell, D.D. Simms Jan 1992

Record-Keeping Systems For Beef Safety And Feedlot Health, C.D. Cranwell, D.D. Simms

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Three hundred nine feedlots were mailed questionnaires to ascertain the types of recordkeeping systems currently being used to monitor health programs and FDA-specified treatment withdrawal times. Microcomputer systems were of special interest. Approximately one third of the feedlots responded. A majority with a one-time feeding capacity of more than 10,000 head were using a microcomputer record-keeping system, whereas most of those with fewer than 10,000 head used a manual, paper-based system. Those feedlots using computerized record-keeping systems had purchased their software package from one of five companies. Managers felt these software packages were adequate for billing customers, monitoring pharmaceutical inventory …

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Effects Of Estradiol Or An Estradiol-Trenbolone Acetate Reimplant Scheme And Time On Feed On Performance And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Steers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Michael E. Dikeman, Sally L. Stroda Jan 1992

Effects Of Estradiol Or An Estradiol-Trenbolone Acetate Reimplant Scheme And Time On Feed On Performance And Carcass Traits Of Finishing Steers, Robert T. Brandt Jr., Michael E. Dikeman, Sally L. Stroda

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two hundred eighty-eight predominantly British and British crossbred steers (702 lb) were used in a 2x3 factorially arranged experiment. Main effect factors were reimplant scheme [estradiol (E2) vs estradiol plus trenbolone acetate (E2 + TBA)] and time on feed (111, 125 or 139 days). The initial slaughter occurred when 65 to 70% of all steers were estimated to grade low Choice. No interactions occurred for any variable measured. Reimplanting 57 days after the initial implant with E2 + TBA increased overall daily gain 6.9% (P<.003) and feed efficiency 4.9% (P<.005). Feeding steers for an additional 14 or 28 days resulted in linear decreases in overall daily gain (P<.005) and feed efficiency (P<.0004). Reimplanting with E2 + TBA increased (P<.001) carcass weight but did not reduce marbling score or percent Choice carcasses. Feeding steers for an additional 14 or 28 days resulted in linear increases (P<.0001) in hot carcass weight, ribeye area, adjusted backfat (P<.004), and skeletal maturity (P<.0005). Additional days on feed increased dressing percentage (P<.002) and marbling score (P<.05) curvilinearly and tended (P=.25) to increase the percentage of carcasses grading Choice and Prime. Incidence of dark cutters was higher (P<.05) for E2 + TBA carcasses, and was very high at the first slaughter date (54 days after reimplantation). Although feeding for an additional 14 or 28 days can result in heavier live and carcass weights, higher dressing percentage, and increased marbling, poor efficiency of gain may create negative feeding margins.

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Variation In The Quality Of Forage Grazed By Pregnant/Lactating Beef Cows At Key Periods In The Year, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Stanley Jan 1992

Variation In The Quality Of Forage Grazed By Pregnant/Lactating Beef Cows At Key Periods In The Year, E.S. Vanzant, R.C. Cochran, T.A. Stanley

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Seven ruminal and esophageally fistulated crossbred beef cows were used to monitor changes in chemical composition of tallgrass-prairie forage selected during November of 1989 and January, March, June, and August of 1990. Quality of forage selected by beef cows was lowest during the period just before calving (cows calved in early February) but had begun to improve by the March sampling (postpartum period) and reached its peak during June sampling period (breeding season). Observed variability in the fiber and protein components of grazed forage highlights the dynamic nature of forage quality and emphasizes the importance of using such information when …

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Short-Run Impact Of Captive Supplies On Fed Cattle Prices, J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder Jan 1992

Short-Run Impact Of Captive Supplies On Fed Cattle Prices, J. Mintert, R. Jones, F. Brazle, Ted C. Schroeder

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Factors affecting western Kansas fed cattle prices during May through November 1990 were investigated. In particular, the impact of changes in captive cattle supplies on cash prices was examined. The term captive cattle supplies refers to cattle procured by a packer well in advance of slaughter. Captive supplies take one of three forms: 1) packer-owned cattle, 2) cattle procured on forward contracts, and 3) cattle procured under formula price (or marketing) agreements. Captive supplies were defined as cattle procured under forward contracts or formula price agreements, because data on packer-owned cattle were unavailable. Over the May through November 1990 period …

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Effect Of Feed Additives On Shipping Shrinkage Of Yearling Heifers, F.K. Brazle Jan 1992

Effect Of Feed Additives On Shipping Shrinkage Of Yearling Heifers, F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies were conducted to determine the effect of feed additives on the transit shrink of yearling cattle. In Trial I, 146 mixed-breed heifers were offered a mineral mixture containing either Terramycin® or Bovatec®, or without additive while grazing native grass pastures. Shrinkage after 300 miles in transit was lower (P<.09) for Bovatec-fed heifers than the other groups. In Trial II, 60 mixed-breed heifers were offered free choice prairie hay, plus soybean hulls without additive or containing either Aureomycin ®, Rumensin, or Bovatec®. Both ionophores tended to reduce live weight shrink following a 10-hour withholding of feed and water, but treatment differences were not significant (P>.05). The small shrinkage differences observed in these two trials would not justify changes in the weighing practices of feeder cattle.

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Interrelationship Between Copper And Bovine Health, Robert L. Larson, J.D. Arthington, L.R. Corah Jan 1992

Interrelationship Between Copper And Bovine Health, Robert L. Larson, J.D. Arthington, L.R. Corah

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Trace mineral nutrition is important to production efficiency and animal health. Trace mineral imbalances may be the roots of many diagnosed or undiagnosed problems in a herd. The low cost of a complete mineral analysis when compared to production losses encourages its use in the evaluation of any bovine herd in which trace mineral imbalances are suspected. A systematic gathering of information on mineral intake, antagonist intake, and serum and tissue values is necessary in order to make a diagnosis and a rational treatment decision. It is important to understand the complex interactions between minerals so that supplementation with one …

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Effects Of Source And Level Of Energy Or Protein Supplementation On Nitrate Toxicity In Cattle, M.W. Smith, M.R. Blanding, L.R. Corah, Dale A. Blasi Jan 1992

Effects Of Source And Level Of Energy Or Protein Supplementation On Nitrate Toxicity In Cattle, M.W. Smith, M.R. Blanding, L.R. Corah, Dale A. Blasi

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two experiments were conducted to investigate whether level or source of energy and protein supplementation would reduce the incidence or severity of clinical toxicity in cattle fed forages high in nitrate (NO3). Heavily fertilized sudan hay with 40,000 to 50,000 ppm NO3 was fed in both experiments. The percentage of total blood hemoglobin converted to methemoglobin by nitrate was used to compare treatment effectiveness. Energy supplementation at levels tested in Exp. 1 had no effect on methemoglobin concentration. In Exp. 2, all protein sources (wheat midds, urea, soybean meal) reduced the maximum methemoglobin levels and increased the rate of reconversion …

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Interactive Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And The Beta-Agonist Salbutamol On Growth And Carcass Criteria Of Three Genotypes Of Swine (1992), J A. Hansen, J T. Yen, J A. Nienaber, T L. Wheeler, J Klindt, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband Jan 1992

Interactive Effects Of Porcine Somatotropin And The Beta-Agonist Salbutamol On Growth And Carcass Criteria Of Three Genotypes Of Swine (1992), J A. Hansen, J T. Yen, J A. Nienaber, T L. Wheeler, J Klindt, Jim L. Nelssen, Robert D. Goodband

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The objective of this research was to examine the interactive effects of porcine somatotropin (pST) and the beta-agonist salbutamol on the growth and carcass characteristics of three genotypes of pigs differing in lean and fat deposition potential. Thirty-two pigs each of either 1/4 Duroc-3/4 white composite (Duroc crossbred), purebred Meishan, or 1/4 Meishan-3/4 white composite (Meishan crossbred) breeding were injected daily with 0 or 4 mg pST and fed a diet containing 0 or 2.75 ppm salbutamol for approximately 34 d and subsequently slaughtered. As the percentage Meishan in the genotype increased, loin muscle area, semitendinosus weight, average daily gain …

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Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin System: I. Effect On Inducement Of Puberty And Conception Rates, L.R. Corah, J.R. Yaeger, J.C. Whittier, J.C. Meiske, D.J. Patterson, K. C. Olson Jan 1992

Synchronization Of Estrus In Yearling Beef Heifers With The Mga®/Prostaglandin System: I. Effect On Inducement Of Puberty And Conception Rates, L.R. Corah, J.R. Yaeger, J.C. Whittier, J.C. Meiske, D.J. Patterson, K. C. Olson

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

We evaluated the estrous response and fertility of yearling beef heifers after treatment with melengestrol acetate (MGA) and prostaglandin F2" (PG). The 304 heifers, at three locations, were allotted to two treatments: nonsynchronized controls and those receiving .5 mg MGA per head daily for 14 days followed by a 25 mg PG injection 17 days after the end of MGA feeding (MGA/PG). Heifers in the control and MGA/PG groups were artificially inseminated 12 hours after observed estrus for 21 days or 6 days after PG, respectively. Conception rate at first service and overall pregnancy rate did not differ (P>.10) …

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Influence Of Source And Amount Of Dietary Protein On The Performance And Reproductive Function Of First-Calf Heifers, W.C. Rusche, R.C. Cochran, L.R. Corah, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D.L. Harmon Jan 1992

Influence Of Source And Amount Of Dietary Protein On The Performance And Reproductive Function Of First-Calf Heifers, W.C. Rusche, R.C. Cochran, L.R. Corah, Jeffrey S. Stevenson, D.L. Harmon

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Increasing the amount of dietary protein above the NRC requirement increased weight gain of nursing first-calf heifers. Feeding a protein source with higher ruminal escape potential and increasing protein in the diet both improved calf gains. No significant changes in reproductive function or milk production were observed from either source or amount of dietary protein.

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Effect Of Deworming With Ivomec® On Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Beef Heifers, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, R.C. Cochran Jan 1992

Effect Of Deworming With Ivomec® On Reproductive Performance Of Yearling Beef Heifers, Robert L. Larson, L.R. Corah, M.F. Spire, R.C. Cochran

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

To determine the effect of deworming fallborn yearling heifers on reproductive parameters, 78 heifers were allotted to a either Ivomec® or control treatments. The heifers were dewormed in June and October when they were approximately 7 and 11 months old, respectively. Ivomec effectively lowered fecal egg counts from treated heifers compared to controls. In these heifers that were maintained on a marginal plane of nutrition, deworming not only improved weight gains but also hastened onset of puberty and improved conception rate during a 60-day breeding season. The positive effect of Ivomec on these reproductive characteristics could not be explained by …

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Effect Of 1174® Silage Inoculant On The Fermentation Of Corn Silages, K.K. Bolsen, C. Lin, B.E. Brent, J.E. Bradford, A.M. Feyerherm Jan 1992

Effect Of 1174® Silage Inoculant On The Fermentation Of Corn Silages, K.K. Bolsen, C. Lin, B.E. Brent, J.E. Bradford, A.M. Feyerherm

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

The effect of 1174® Silage Inoculant on the ensiling process was studied using three Pioneer corn hybrids. All hybrids fermented rapidly, and 1174 did not significantly influence any of the fermentation characteristics during the 120 days. The epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts on the chopped corn plants were high; 14 times greater than the numbers of LAB provided by the inoculant. Although during fermentation, statistically significant differences occurred among the hybrids for fermentation end-products, no observed trends suggested that hybrid effects were real.

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A Comparison Of Beef Flavor Intensity Among Major Muscles, C.F. Carmack, J.R. Schwenke, Curtis L. Kastner, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1992

A Comparison Of Beef Flavor Intensity Among Major Muscles, C.F. Carmack, J.R. Schwenke, Curtis L. Kastner, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Twelve muscles from eight Select/Choice grade steers were evaluated for beef flavor intensity, tenderness, and juiciness. Sample steaks were cut, and evaluation was performed by a five-member professional panel. The biceps femoris ranked highest in beef flavor intensity but was not different (P>.05) from the psoas major, gluteus medius, semimembranosus, and triceps brachii (scores of 7.8, 7.5, 7.4, 7.4, and 7.3, respectively). The rectus femoris, longissimus lumborum, serratus ventralis, infraspinatus, semitendinosus, deep pectoral, and supraspinatus were less intense in beef flavor (7.1, 7.1, 7.0, 6.8, 6.8, 6.7, and 6.6, respectively). The psoas major was most tender (P<.05) of all muscles, followed by the infraspinatus, longissimus lumborum, rectus femoris, and serratus ventralis, which were all similar (P>.05). Muscles …

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Causes Of Diarrhea, Pneumonia, And Abortion In 1991 Cattle Submissions To The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, R.K. Frank, M.W. Vorhies, M. M. Chengappa Jan 1992

Causes Of Diarrhea, Pneumonia, And Abortion In 1991 Cattle Submissions To The Ksu Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, R.K. Frank, M.W. Vorhies, M. M. Chengappa

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Causes of diarrhea, pneumonia, and abortion in Kansas cattle submissions to the Kansas State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory during 1991 were summarized. Antimicrobial susceptibility results for Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Hemophilus somnus, and Salmonella spp., the common causes of pneumonia and/or diarrhea in cattle with increasing antibiotic resistance patterns, were also summarized. The most commonly diagnosed causes of diarrhea in young calves (under 1 month of age) were coronavirus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella. The three most common causes of diarrhea in 1 to 18 month-old cattle were BVD virus, coccidia, and Salmonella. Most respiratory submissions were 7- to 18-month-old cattle. …

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Effect Of Long-Acting Penicillin And Levamisole® On Gain And Health Of Stressed Calves, F.K. Brazle Jan 1992

Effect Of Long-Acting Penicillin And Levamisole® On Gain And Health Of Stressed Calves, F.K. Brazle

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Two studies were conducted to determine the effect of long-acting penicillin and/or levamisole injected at arrival or levamisole injected on day 1 and/or day 7 on the health and gain of newly received, highly stressed, light weight calves. Levamisole injected at arrival reduced (P<.05) sickness of newly arrived calves during the first 5 days. However, it did not reduce overall sickness during the receiving period. Long-acting penicillin injected at arrival did not reduce sickness, but did improve (P<.05) gain of calves during the growing period. The combination of levamisole and long-acting penicillin or the combination of levamisole on day 1 and day 7 did not reduce morbidity in these highly stressed calves.

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Comparison Of Feedlot And Carcass Characteristics Of Angus, Hereford, Brahman, Charolais, And Gelbvieh Crossbred Steers, D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman Jan 1992

Comparison Of Feedlot And Carcass Characteristics Of Angus, Hereford, Brahman, Charolais, And Gelbvieh Crossbred Steers, D.T. Hickok, R.R. Schalles, D.E. Franke, Michael E. Dikeman

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Feedlot performance of 207 steers with various percentages of Angus, Hereford, Charolais, Brahman, and Gelbvieh breeding were compared at a constant 1) days fed, 2) adjusted carcass backfat, and 3) slaughter weight. As the percentage of Angus, Hereford, or Brahman increased, growth rate decreased, whereas increasing the percentage of Charolais increased growth rate. Increasing the percentage of Gelbvieh increased weaning weight but had little effect on post-weaning gains. Increasing percentage of Charolais increased feed conversion efficiency, whereas the other breeds were similar, except that at a constant slaughter weight, greater percentage of Hereford improved feed conversion efficiency. Increasing the percentage …

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Southwest Research-Extension Center Field Day 1992 Jan 1992

Southwest Research-Extension Center Field Day 1992

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Each Field Day report consists of individual research reports on topics specific to the region, including cultural methods for most of the major crops grown in Kansas, mitigating the effects of weeds, insects, and disease associated with those crops, and irrigation. Research is conducted and reports written by staff of the K-State Research and Extension Southwest Research Extension Center.

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