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Household Responses To The Environmental Problem, Shouchao Fu
Household Responses To The Environmental Problem, Shouchao Fu
Digitized Theses
This study examines household responses to The Environmental Problem (TEP). TEP is a conceptualization of the complex of natural and human forces and processes that threaten irreversible destruction, degradation, and contamination of earth-sustaining conditions. TEP represents any or all environmental conditions of concern to human beings, at whatever scale, in whatever form(s), exceeding natural recovery capacities. Human beings are taken to be an integral part of the environment, exerting a distinctive environmental force.;Cluster analysis was used to define five separate and socioeconomically distinctive neighborhoods in London, Ontario, from which by stratified random sampling, 300 households were selected. Global Action Plan …
Effects Of Industrial Effluents On Populations Of The Freshwater Mussel Lampsilis Radiata In The St Lawrence River, Lee Curtis Grapentine
Effects Of Industrial Effluents On Populations Of The Freshwater Mussel Lampsilis Radiata In The St Lawrence River, Lee Curtis Grapentine
Digitized Theses
The objective of this study was to assess the effects of industrial discharges, contaminated primarily with trace metals, on populations of Lampsilis radiata (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in the upper St. Lawrence River. Effects on shell growth were examined by (a) comparing growth curves derived from analyses of external annual rings of clams sampled from sites located upstream and downstream of four localized sources of discharges, and (b) measuring shell growth for one year from clams that were transplanted into contaminated and uncontaminated sites. Allozyme frequencies in clams from above and below discharges were determined for glucose-phosphate isomerase (GPI) and phosphoglucomutase (PGM), …
A New Photocatalytic Reactor For The Photodegradation Of Organic Contaminants In Water, Julio E. Valladares
A New Photocatalytic Reactor For The Photodegradation Of Organic Contaminants In Water, Julio E. Valladares
Digitized Theses
The {dollar}\rm TiO\sb2{dollar} photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of organic pollutants in water has been broadly demonstrated at the laboratory level for a wide number of organic pollutants. However, there are still some problems that need to be addressed in order to make this technology more practical. The design of heterogeneous photocatalytic reactor systems, still in the infancy of their development, is facing different problems such as light scattering, oxygen starving, particle separation and mass transfer. Additionally, there have also been a lack of a general method to evaluate the performance of the different reactor systems.;The present work addresses these problems …
A New Statistic For The Contaminant Dilution Process In Turbulent Flows, Honglin Ye
A New Statistic For The Contaminant Dilution Process In Turbulent Flows, Honglin Ye
Digitized Theses
A new statistic, the expected fraction of release mass, is derived for the important practical problem of monitoring the dilution of concentrations that result when a quantity of contaminant is suddenly released in an environmental flow. This new statistic is the expected distribution of the conserved released mass amongst various levels of concentration. The advantage of this approach is that both theoretical prediction and experimental validation are made more tractable. The expected-mass-fraction is defined in terms of a spatial integral over the distributed one-point probability density function of concentration. This definition is shown to lead to a relatively simple differential …
The Mineralogy And Inorganic Geochemistry Of Coal And Combustion Products From The Mae Moh Mine, Thailand: Environmental Implications Of Resource Utilization, Brian R. Hart
Digitized Theses
The coals, associated sediments and combustion products, from the Tertiary, Mae Moh Lignite Mine Lampang, Thailand, have been investigated using XRD, XRF, NAA and SEM/EDS. The investigation is primary aimed at documenting the overall mineralogy and geochemistry of the coal and combustion products, in an attempt to briefly describe the local environmental impacts of resource utilization.;Ash content in composite run of mine samples in three important (J, K and Q) coal zones averages 44%. Ash in the power plant feed coal averages 41%. Dominant mineral phases in the zones include: detrital quartz, illite and kaolinite along with authigenic calcite and …
Sustainability And Canada's National Parks: Suitability For Policy, Planning And Management, Stephen William Boyd
Sustainability And Canada's National Parks: Suitability For Policy, Planning And Management, Stephen William Boyd
Digitized Theses
As a term, sustainability has often come to be adopted as the 'panacea' for many problems without any clear understanding that the solutions will vary given the nature of the problem, the scale involved and the goals and objectives set out. As a result, what has emerged in the literature has been many different 'pictures' of sustainability, all of which may be relevant in certain contexts. This research examined the potential of the concept within the context of Canadian national parks. Emphasis was directed toward understanding, through the perceptions of 'expert' groups knowledgeable about parks, the key elements needed to …
The Reduction Of Concentration Values In A Contaminant Cloud In Environmental Flows, William Kenneth Heagy
The Reduction Of Concentration Values In A Contaminant Cloud In Environmental Flows, William Kenneth Heagy
Digitized Theses
This thesis considers the spread of contaminant after the release of a cloud of toxic gas into the atmosphere. A new measure, the Expected Mass Fraction (EMF), presents an improvement over the mean dosage as an indicator of the risk associated with the cloud release. The study shows that the variability of estimates of the EMF should be comparable to that of the dosage, so that reliable evaluation should be possible in many situations. The theory is based on the Chatwin-Sullivan {dollar}\alpha{dollar}-{dollar}\beta{dollar} formulation, which relates the mean concentration to the moments of the probability density function of the concentration. The …
Evaluation Of Yukon Environmental Assessment Interest Representation, Mark Vincent Prystupa
Evaluation Of Yukon Environmental Assessment Interest Representation, Mark Vincent Prystupa
Digitized Theses
Conflict is inherent in resource management. To effectively alleviate or eliminate interest incompatibilities, public policy processes must provide adequate opportunities for the representation of interests by concerned parties. The difficulty lies in ascertaining successful means of incorporating various interests into the decision-making process. Yet, to date, there has been little attention to what works, where, and why.;Evaluation may serve to remedy this problem by serving the dual functions of generating knowledge and improving practice. Models of the evaluation of interest representation were reviewed. None were found adequate to present needs. A new evaluative framework was developed that incorporated the properties …
Multiple Fluxes Influencing Amazonian River Chemistry, Kurt O. Konhauser
Multiple Fluxes Influencing Amazonian River Chemistry, Kurt O. Konhauser
Digitized Theses
The rivers flowing through the Amazon Basin are both physically and chemically heterogeneous. Through detailed geochemical analyses, this study indicates that variability is primarily controlled by substrate lithology in the source region and the erosional regime. Observations suggest that it is possible to classify the chemical composition of Amazonian rivers according to the geochemistry of the soils in their catchment regions and vice versa.;The ability of microorganisms to undergo chemical exchanges with their aqueous environment, involving both the uptake and excretion of various elements, has been overlooked as an important factor in determining the chemistry of Amazonian rivers. Silicon extracted …
Economic Growth: Dynamic Interactions With International Trade And Global Environment, Zhiqi Chen
Economic Growth: Dynamic Interactions With International Trade And Global Environment, Zhiqi Chen
Digitized Theses
The thesis comprises four essays that, through theoretical analysis, explore the dynamic impact of capital accumulation on international trade (Chapters 1 and 2) and the dynamic interaction between economic activities and the global climate (Chapters 3 and 4).;Chapter 1 presents a dynamic Heckscher-Ohlin model in which agents' labor supply and investment decisions are endogenous. It is shown that analogues to the major results of the standard Heckscher-Ohlin model are valid in this model. Using the model developed in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 studies the determinant of comparative advantage in the long-run between countries with identical preferences. It is shown that …
A Study Of Thermally Stratified Plumes In A Channel, Hani A. Farghaly
A Study Of Thermally Stratified Plumes In A Channel, Hani A. Farghaly
Digitized Theses
The problem of waste heat discharge into natural bodies of water is one of the environmental problems that has received considerable attention in recent years. The scope of most of the previous investigations has been limited to summer flow conditions and did not address the problem of waste heat discharge in cold climate regions. This thesis is concerned with the problem of a thermal discharge in a channel in the range of temperatures encountered in practice, including temperatures anticipated in cold climate regions.;More specifically, this study was conducted to: (i) develop numerical models of surface and bottom discharges in a …