Digital Commons Network^™

The Relationship Between Obesity And Periodontal Disease, Jean Conover

Dental Hygiene Master's Papers and Projects

Obesity has been targeted as the sixth most significant risk factor worldwide that is known to contribute to both oral and other associated systemic diseases.² According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the prevalence of obesity among adults in the U.S. is 40% and 18.5% in youth with prevalence higher among middle aged adults (42.8%) than younger adults (35.7%).³ As of 2016, nearly two billion people worldwide were either overweight or obese.¹ Research indicates accumulated excessive fat from being overweight or obese contributes to serious health impairments.⁴ World-wide obesity is associated with increased …

Salivary And Serum Adiponectin And C-Reactive Protein Levels In Acute Myocardial Infarction Related To Body Mass Index And Oral Health, Jeffrey L. Ebersole, Richard J. Kryscio, C. Campbell, D. F. Kinane, J. Mcdevitt, N. Christodoulides, P. N. Floriano, Craig S. Miller

Oral Health Practice Faculty Publications

Background and Objective

Adiponectin is produced by adipose cells and is considered an anti‐inflammatory molecule. In contrast, C‐reactive protein (CRP) has been identified as a hallmark of systemic inflammation and used as a risk marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Of interest was the relationship of these two biomarkers to oral health and CVD risk.

Material and Methods

This investigation examined these two molecules in serum and unstimulated whole saliva of patients within 48 h of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared to control subjects. We hypothesized a differential response in these biomolecules resulting from the heart attack that would be …

Hedonic Mechanisms Of Weight Changes In Medication Assisted Treatment For Opioid Addiction, Elizabeth Mcdonald

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

Opioid abuse and addiction affects more than 2.4 million people in the United States. Medication assisted treatment (MAT), in combination with counseling, is recognized as the most effective treatment for patients with opioid dependence and abuse. Although MAT is considered the most effective treatment, previous research has found clinically significant weight gain with methadone. The purpose of this study was to determine if hedonic eating behaviors, sugar cravings, and addictive like eating was related to weight gain in opioid addicted patients receiving methadone and buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone™). Hedonic eating behaviors were measured using three validated surveys. Following survey collection, a chart …

Comparison Of Anthropometric Measurements Of Abdominal Obesity As Predictors Of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: Nhanes 2011-2014, Carli Kettel

All Master's Theses

Background It has been well established that screening tools for cardiometabolic diseases are less useful among obese populations as risk of these diseases is already high. However, research is lacking in regard to efficient screening tools for cardiometabolic diseases among normal weight and overweight populations. Objective This study compared the predictive strengths of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), and SAD-to-height ratio (SADHtR) with respect to risk of cardiometabolic disorders in normal and overweight U.S. populations. Design This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Participants/setting …

Motivational Interviewing, And Healthy Eating Intervention With Low Income Diabetic Patients, Cornelius Bela

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Projects

Purpose: The project’s aim was to investigate whether motivational interviewing made a difference for the participants in terms of healthy behaviors, as measured by their weight, BMI, HgA1C and total health eating habits score.

Method: A motivational interviewing intervention was used on thirteen diabetic patients in three monthly group meetings and weekly phone calls surrounding healthy eating. The health behaviors such as improving dietary choices, decreasing sedentary behaviors, and increasing habitual physical activity and exercises were assessed at both pre and post intervention as well as weight, body mass index (BMI), Hemoglobin A1c, and healthy eating habits total score.

Results: …

Exploring The Role Of Dopamine Circuits In Eating Behavior, Kara Elizabeth Furman

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

In its simplest terms, obesity is a disease of exaggerated food intake. While current treatment of obesity focuses on changing behavior, few successful models of behavior modification have been developed. Even those treatments that are successful in the short-term, have failed to demonstrate lasting effect. The problem of over-eating, then, needs to be studied in terms of basic motivational programs that are encoded by the brain’s reward system. Understanding the way in which reward system activity directs eating behavior will allow more sophisticated and efficacious treatment options in the future. Several studies have focused on the nucleus accumbens (NAc) as …

The Effects Of A 16-Week Introductory Nutrition Course On Dietary Habits And Body Composition Of College Students, Emily Ashton

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

As the rates of obesity continue to increase among adolescents and young adults, adopting healthy dietary and lifestyle habits is necessary in order to prevent obesity-related chronic disease later in life. Although several studies have addressed nutrition education and its effect on weight in college students, few studies have assessed percent fat as it relates to a semester-long nutrition course. As such, the effectiveness of a formal introductory nutrition course on lifestyle habits and percent fat of college students was examined. The current study aimed to address the relationship between percent body fat and nutrition education over the course of …

Smart Moves Bright Bodies: A Rural Adaptation To Combat Obesity Among African-American Teenagers In Wilcox And Lowndes Counties, Alabama, Nicole D. Fields

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Obesity is a significant problem in the United States; however, it is a burgeoning epidemic among youth in the United States. As of 2016, Alabama is the second-most obese state in the nation¹ and 16% of Alabama adolescents are obese². While obesity is a significant problem across all ethnic groups, minorities bear a disproportionate burden in Alabama: one in five African-American adolescents is obese². This disproportionate burden is demonstrated in two Alabama counties: Wilcox and Lowndes. Both counties are predominately African-American and rank in the bottom ten counties, statewide, for overall health outcomes^9,14. …