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Health Of Transgender Adults, 2020, Addie Furrer
Health Of Transgender Adults, 2020, Addie Furrer
University Honors Theses
Transgender and gender diverse individuals are known to experience barriers to accessing medical care while also being at higher risk of chronic conditions. In this study, the health conditions, disabilities, and health care access of 1,017 transgender and gender diverse(TGD) respondents to the 2020 Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System were examined in relation to both cisgender men and cisgender women. This analysis was done to further the effort of understanding the health disparities experienced by TGD populations. Transgender and gender diverse individuals were more likely to have poor overall health and mental health, have multiple chronic health conditions, and have …
Tuberculosis And Poor Health Among Migrant And Seasonal Farmworkers In The United States, Lucy Cummins
Tuberculosis And Poor Health Among Migrant And Seasonal Farmworkers In The United States, Lucy Cummins
Health Studies Capstones
The following paper will explore the prevalence of TB among migrant and seasonal farmworkers in the United States, and the systemic forces that contribute to that prevalence. Cyclical of poverty, dangerous working conditions, and barriers to healthcare overall have all led to increased risk of TB infection for farmworkers and their families. Moreover, structural violence traps these farmworkers in conditions of increased risk that have a major impact on their general health. Thus, the issue of TB is not a single issue, but one that relates to a range of social, economic, and political factors. Improving TB outcomes for farmworkers …
Association Between Learning Methods And Analgesic Opioid Abuse, Nicole Marie Blanchard
Association Between Learning Methods And Analgesic Opioid Abuse, Nicole Marie Blanchard
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Opioids are an extremely addictive class of medication used to treat pain; overprescribing practices and chronic misuse has led to an epidemic that continues to grow. The opioid epidemic not only has the potential to cause injury or even death but also has a large impact on the U.S. economy. Research regarding determinants of abuse are needed to improve safeguards for opioid abuse prevention. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine if learning capabilities and/or learning medium preference are correlated with analgesic opioid abuse. The social-ecological model was used to evaluate the social levels of influence for abuse …
Educational Intervention To Change Knowledge And Attitudes Regarding Sexual Behaviors To Reduce Rates Of Sexually Transmitted Infections Among University Of Kentucky’S Sorority Life Students., Julianna Maita
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
Sexually transmitted infections disproportionally affect young adults. Within this age group, women are at an increased risk for contracting and STI and face more severe long-term adverse consequences than men. College aged individuals are at an increased risk for contracting an STI due to risky sexual behaviors such as unprotected sex with multiple partners. College students involved in Greek Life have been found to engage in risker sexual behaviors than non-Greek life students. These individuals perceive themselves to be at a higher risk for contracting an STI and have an increased number of unprotected sexual encounters under the influence of …
Organizational Risk In Multi-Sector Health Partnerships: A Case Study Of Oregon's Accountable Health Communities, Shauna Jean Nicole Petchel
Organizational Risk In Multi-Sector Health Partnerships: A Case Study Of Oregon's Accountable Health Communities, Shauna Jean Nicole Petchel
Dissertations and Theses
The literature on collective action has documented that the perception of organizational risk -- both the uncertainty of potential outcomes and the meaning attached to them -- is an important factor in whether and how organizations engage in cross-sector collaborations. Yet there are few examples to date that document how health and social service leaders perceive organizational risks in cross-sector health partnerships focused on social determinants of health, or how their perceptions influence organizational commitment and willingness to engage in these partnerships over time.
This research aimed to fill this gap through a mixed methods case study of health and …
Comprehensive Review Of Telehealth Law And Literature: Implications For Future Policy And Patients, Morgan Kristensen
Comprehensive Review Of Telehealth Law And Literature: Implications For Future Policy And Patients, Morgan Kristensen
Capstone Experience
PURPOSE: The purpose of this Capstone is to determine whether telehealth is effective at producing positive health outcomes, and what the current status of state telehealth law is in the United States and how can the law be changed to improve the implementation and use of telehealth services. METHODS: A literature review of PubMed was used to find articles relating to telehealth and its effectiveness. A law review of each state’s telehealth and telemedicine laws was conducted using Westlaw. RESULTS: The literature review uncovered that telehealth has the potential to produce positive health outcomes for a variety of conditions and …
An Analysis Of The Economic Barriers To Oral Healthcare Access In Omaha, Nebraska, Elias Witte
An Analysis Of The Economic Barriers To Oral Healthcare Access In Omaha, Nebraska, Elias Witte
Theses/Capstones/Creative Projects
Existing research regarding the analysis of the distribution of oral healthcare practitioners has been conducted across large metropolitan areas within the United States in order to determine the magnitude of healthcare resource deficits. Such research has demonstrated significant deficits in access to oral healthcare predominantly in lower-income urban areas. Consequently, patients in these socioeconomically disadvantaged areas have less access to routine oral care, which impacts their overall health and well-being. While there is an abundance of studies examining this issue in other localities across the country, there is a lack of information regarding the distribution of oral healthcare practitioners in …
Impactful Care: Addressing Social Determinants Of Health Across Health Systems, Nicole Lisa Friedman
Impactful Care: Addressing Social Determinants Of Health Across Health Systems, Nicole Lisa Friedman
Dissertations and Theses
There is emerging evidence that addressing health-related social needs through enhanced clinical-community linkages can improve health outcomes and reduce costs. Unmet health-related social needs, such as food insecurity, inadequate or unstable housing, and lack of access to transportation may increase the risk of developing chronic conditions, reduce an individual's ability to manage these conditions, increase health care costs, and lead to avoidable health care utilization. In response, work on social needs is happening across large health systems in the United States, but the pace of progress is slow and accountability is diffuse.
The goal of this applied research project is …
Let Me Upgrade You: Common Measures In Public Health Accreditation Action Plans, Gurleen K. Roberts
Let Me Upgrade You: Common Measures In Public Health Accreditation Action Plans, Gurleen K. Roberts
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to understand the success rates for health departments pursuing and achieving accreditation in version 1.0 and 1.5 of the Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB) standards and measures. During the accreditation process, health departments that present performance gaps are asked to complete an Action Plan to specify how they plan to improve to meet the desired conformity. This study will highlight specific measures that are often included in Action Plans so that health departments pursuing accreditation can be better prepared to address these common pitfalls.
Methods: This study is a non-experimental, secondary …
E-Cigarettes And Conventional Cigarettes: Perceived Risks And Benefits Among College Students, Evi Addoh
E-Cigarettes And Conventional Cigarettes: Perceived Risks And Benefits Among College Students, Evi Addoh
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
ABSTRACT Background: Accompanying the decline in cigarette smoking rates has been a rise in prevalence of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use. The ongoing investigations on the health impact of e-cigarettes have been accompanied by mixed messages and a lack of consensus which may lead college students to rely on their own perceptions of risk and benefits in deciding whether to use e-cigarettes. Conclusion: Considering the significant association of perceived risks and benefits with e-cigarette and cigarette use this study yields some findings that show the importance of appropriately addressing perceptions. It is paramount to keep the public updated on pertinent research …
Prospective Policy Analysis Of The Kentucky Health Demonstration Waiver, Keahna Akins
Prospective Policy Analysis Of The Kentucky Health Demonstration Waiver, Keahna Akins
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
In January 2018, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services approved Kentucky’s Section 1115 Medicaid demonstration waiver, which gave the state approval to require work/community engagement as a condition of Medicaid eligibility, charge premiums of up to 4% household income, and add an incentive account for dental and vison services. The waiver projected nearly 100,000 fewer enrollees and $2.4 billion less in spending over the five-year demonstration period. Two days short of the waiver July 1st implementation date a federal judge ruled the waiver invalid. This finding held that the Health and Human Services Secretary’s judgement was arbitrary and capricious. …
Impact Of The School Health Innovations Grant Act On Healthcare Access, Outcomes, And Cost In The District Of Columbia, Robert West
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
This paper provided a prospective policy analysis of the Washington, D.C. School Health Innovations Grant Act. This act establishes a grant program to facilitate the formation of school-based telehealth centers to provide mental health services to District school children. The purpose of this act is to improve access to mental health services for children, especially children in disadvantaged populations, such as those low-income, predominantly African American neighborhoods in eastern Washington, D.C., where a high burden of need is compounded by a shortage of health professionals.
This analysis was guided by the Bardach framework of policy analysis. The various factors affecting …
Implementation Of An Evidenced-Based Opioid Treatment Program To Improve Maternal-Child Outcomes In Eastern Kentucky, Jordan Rice
Implementation Of An Evidenced-Based Opioid Treatment Program To Improve Maternal-Child Outcomes In Eastern Kentucky, Jordan Rice
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
The Kentucky River Area District Health Department proposes implementation of CHARM-Kentucky, a treatment program for pregnant women with opioid use disorder (OUD), in eastern Kentucky. Over 115 Americans die each day from an opioid overdose, resulting in approximately 42,000 deaths in 2016. In addition to an overall increase in opioid use in recent years, the use of opioids in pregnancy has also increased from 1.19 per 1,000 hospital births in 2000 to 5.63 in 2009. Opioid use during pregnancy results in poor neonatal outcomes including: low birth weight, preterm delivery, small head circumference, increased child maltreatment, and risk for long-term …
The Effect Of Rescheduling Of Hydrocodone On Prescription Writing Among University Of Kentucky Dentists, Robert Taylor
The Effect Of Rescheduling Of Hydrocodone On Prescription Writing Among University Of Kentucky Dentists, Robert Taylor
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
Opioid abuse has become a public health crisis over the last two decades. Hydrocodone is the most frequently prescribed opioid to patients whose deaths are related to prescription drug abuse. On October 6, 2014, Federal law changed hydrocodone, an opioid-based analgesic, from Schedule III to Schedule II. This limits the number of ways it can be prescribed, including eliminating refills. This study examined hydrocodone and oxycodone prescriptions written across all dental clinics associated with the University of Kentucky College of Dentistry and analyzed three different dental disciplines that perform procedures that require pain management. Prescription data was obtained through axiUm, …
The Relationship Between Obesity And Periodontal Disease, Jean Conover
The Relationship Between Obesity And Periodontal Disease, Jean Conover
Dental Hygiene Master's Papers and Projects
Obesity has been targeted as the sixth most significant risk factor worldwide that is known to contribute to both oral and other associated systemic diseases.2 According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the prevalence of obesity among adults in the U.S. is 40% and 18.5% in youth with prevalence higher among middle aged adults (42.8%) than younger adults (35.7%).3 As of 2016, nearly two billion people worldwide were either overweight or obese.1 Research indicates accumulated excessive fat from being overweight or obese contributes to serious health impairments.4 World-wide obesity is associated with increased …
Consequences Of Community Water Fluoridation Cessation For Medicaid Eligible Children And Adolescents, Jennifer Meyer
Consequences Of Community Water Fluoridation Cessation For Medicaid Eligible Children And Adolescents, Jennifer Meyer
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Oral health impacts general health and well-being throughout the lifespan. Recent trends in the United States towards cessation of community water fluoridation (CWF) may increase disparities in oral health. The purpose of this quantitative retrospective cohort study was to analyze Medicaid dental claims records for caries related procedures among 0 to18-year-old patients during an optimal CWF year 2003 (n = 854) and compare them to claims records from 2012 (n = 1,053), 5 years after CWF was ceased. The theoretical framework of this study was the diffusion of innovations theory. Statistically significant results included higher mean number of caries related …
All 4 Hardin County Freshman!, Cortney Lynn Gandy
All 4 Hardin County Freshman!, Cortney Lynn Gandy
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
Within this application for funding the Lincoln Trail Health Department proposes an evidenced based intervention for implementation into two high schools in the Hardin County with the long term goals of decreasing the rate of sexually transmitted infections in the county. The LTHD based in Elizabethtown, Kentucky services six counties in central Kentucky. The community health needs assessment and community health improvement plans for the county highlighted the problem of sexually transmitted infections in the community. The Centers for Disease Control also produces data about the higher rate of STIs in Hardin county in respect to Kentucky and the US …
Compliance And Treatment Failure Of Hepatitis C With Direct-Acting Antivirals: A 2-Year Retrospective, Observational Study In Kentucky Medicaid Patients, Juequan Nie
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
Background: New generation Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection have been on the market for more than 3 years since late 2013. Whether these medications cure patients at the rates claimed in clinical trials is not clear. Furthermore, as compliance is known to affect treatment outcomes, DAAs compliance rate is worth studying.
Methods: We analyzed the association of social-demographic, DAA use, enrollment with Kentucky Medicaid Managed Care Organizations (MCOs) and comorbidities, and DAA compliance in 1128 Kentucky Medicaid members treated with DAAs between August 07, 2014 and August 06, 2016.
Results: Age, MCOs, liver fibrosis …
Smart Moves Bright Bodies: A Rural Adaptation To Combat Obesity Among African-American Teenagers In Wilcox And Lowndes Counties, Alabama, Nicole D. Fields
Smart Moves Bright Bodies: A Rural Adaptation To Combat Obesity Among African-American Teenagers In Wilcox And Lowndes Counties, Alabama, Nicole D. Fields
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
Obesity is a significant problem in the United States; however, it is a burgeoning epidemic among youth in the United States. As of 2016, Alabama is the second-most obese state in the nation1 and 16% of Alabama adolescents are obese2. While obesity is a significant problem across all ethnic groups, minorities bear a disproportionate burden in Alabama: one in five African-American adolescents is obese2. This disproportionate burden is demonstrated in two Alabama counties: Wilcox and Lowndes. Both counties are predominately African-American and rank in the bottom ten counties, statewide, for overall health outcomes9,14. …
Revamp It: Utilization Of Socioecological Approach To Combat Adolescent Obesity In Knott County, Kentucky, Jonathan Wang
Revamp It: Utilization Of Socioecological Approach To Combat Adolescent Obesity In Knott County, Kentucky, Jonathan Wang
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
The Kentucky River District Health Department proposes the implementation of REVAMP IT in four selected elementary schools in Knott County, Kentucky to improve subjective attitudes towards various aspects of health knowledge, physical activity, social support, and screen-time, as well as reduce biometrically measured television time and increased step count. REVAMP IT is an evidence-based program that utilizes the socioecological model of Public Health to target aspects of the individual, relational, and community level to facilitate changes from multiple aspects. Screen-time and physical activity goals will be individually set by students, and Knott County Elementary School teachers will be responsible for …
Using Structural Equation Modeling To Predict Orofacial Pain-Related Outcomes, Marcia Vanessa Rojas-Ramirez
Using Structural Equation Modeling To Predict Orofacial Pain-Related Outcomes, Marcia Vanessa Rojas-Ramirez
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
Objectives: To test if the structure of a proposed theoretical model comprised of specific observed variables clustered to measure three latent variables of anxiety, depression, and fatigue exhibited good global fit with the observed data and had adequate reliability using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). A secondary objective was to use structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the direct effect of the latent variables of depression, anxiety, and fatigue on orofacial pain outcomes.
Methods: Subjects were evaluated and treated at an orofacial pain clinic between 2009 and 2014. Those who completed a battery of psychosocial and pain-related questionnaires were …
Use Of Clonidine In Sedation Dentistry, Asma Kumar
Use Of Clonidine In Sedation Dentistry, Asma Kumar
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
Background:
Clonidine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist which has been used to treat hypertension for over 40 years. In October 2008, clonidine was approved by the FDA for use as a premedication agent prior to sedation. The overall goal of this study is to determine if clonidine can be used as a pre- operative sedative agent in moderate sedation dentistry and if so, what should be considered a safe level.
The following specific aims were established for this study:
- To determine whether patients receiving clonidine required less intravenous medications.
- To determine if clonidine can lower blood pressure and pulse to …
Wnc Healthy Teens: A Multi-Level Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative, Katharine Macmillan
Wnc Healthy Teens: A Multi-Level Teen Pregnancy Prevention Initiative, Katharine Macmillan
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
WNC Healthy Teens is a multi-component, community-based teen pregnancy prevention initiative. The program will be targeted in rural areas of Buncombe and Henderson Counties that have aggregate rates showing that over half the population of women aged 15-19 years are giving birth. Sexual education is necessary, but not sufficient to preventing risky sexual behaviors1. Tying multiple levels of evidence-based school interventions together with standardization of adolescent sexual health care will provide a well-rounded approach to address teenage pregnancy. Starting the initiative at age 14, it is anticipated the majority of teens will have yet to initiate sexual activity. Reducing the …
Risking Connection: A Multi-Level Trauma-Informed Care Approach To Refugee Services In Lexington, Ky, Marie Paige Higginson-Rollins
Risking Connection: A Multi-Level Trauma-Informed Care Approach To Refugee Services In Lexington, Ky, Marie Paige Higginson-Rollins
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
This project proposes to implement a multi-level, trauma-informed care approach to refugee services in Lexington, KY. The intervention will be carried out at three sites, the Bluegrass Community Health Center, the Kentucky Refugee Ministries, and the Lexington Global Engagement Center. These sites were chosen because of their extensive work with the refugee community. The intervention proposed is Risking Connection, a SAMHSA recommended trauma-informed care program, with a cultural-sensitivity training module and marketing campaign, and a group therapy pilot intervention for Congolese women based on the Bashal program at the Center for Torture and Trauma Survivors. The short-term goals of this …
Colorectal Cancer Prevention In The North Slope Borough Of Alaska Utilizing The Flu-Fit Intervention, Jennifer Jenkins
Colorectal Cancer Prevention In The North Slope Borough Of Alaska Utilizing The Flu-Fit Intervention, Jennifer Jenkins
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
The intention of the Flu-FIT intervention is to increase colorectal cancer screening rates by combing two annual activities into one visit that doesn’t necessitate a doctors visit. The original study increased colorectal cancer screening rates by 14 percentage points and this program should be able to show similar results in the North Slope Borough of Alaska. The North Slope Borough has the highest incidence rate of colorectal cancer in the United States, and this proposed intervention could lead to a reduction in that rate by increasing screening and knowledge about colorectal cancer in the community.
Eat Well, Keep Moving: Decreasing Childhood Obesity In Fulton County, Kentucky, Sandra Onekhena
Eat Well, Keep Moving: Decreasing Childhood Obesity In Fulton County, Kentucky, Sandra Onekhena
Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)
With the high rates of childhood obesity in Fulton County, the Purchase District Health Department proposes the implementation of the Eat Well and Keep Moving Program in all the county’s elementary schools among fourth and fifth graders. It is an interdisciplinary, evidence-based program that will be aimed at our short-term goal of increasing knowledge about nutrition and physical activity and inspiring positive behavioral change. It works by integrating lessons and activities about proper nutrition and activity into various aspects of the children’s lives — in the classroom, cafeteria, at home and in the community. We hope to see children move …
Effectiveness Of A Volunteer Transportation Program To Increase Access To Healthcare In Vietnam, Kyla Crisp
Effectiveness Of A Volunteer Transportation Program To Increase Access To Healthcare In Vietnam, Kyla Crisp
Undergraduate Theses, Professional Papers, and Capstone Artifacts
As a part of the Global Leadership Initiative capstone project at the University of Montana, my group created a website and transportation program that works to increase access to healthcare in Missoula, Montana. Ancillary aspects of healthcare such as health literacy, transportation, housing, and food are all major factors affecting a person’s health. Our project titled UM Volunteers for Global Health Access seeks to unite University students and the low-income population in Missoula in order to provide rides to healthcare appointments. The transportation framework will allow patients at Partnership Health Center to be connected with University of Montana student volunteers. …
Listening To The Ranks: Perceptions Of The U.S. Air Force Occupational Health And Safety Training, Melissa Jo Breunig
Listening To The Ranks: Perceptions Of The U.S. Air Force Occupational Health And Safety Training, Melissa Jo Breunig
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones
Occupational health and safety hazards are abundant in military environments. Due to the hazardous occupational settings, injuries remain a public health concern in the United States military. Public health plays a critical role in injury reduction by addressing the need for comprehensive safety education training, and more specifically, exposure related injuries. A secondary data analysis was completed using Communication Theory as the overarching framework to analyze 13 qualitative interviews conducted with Airmen to gain their perceptions of the occupational health and safety training at Nellis and Creech Air Force Base (AFB). Pedagogy and training content were the two main themes …
Discovering Community Assets: Master Of Public Health Culminating Experience, Megan E. Sirna
Discovering Community Assets: Master Of Public Health Culminating Experience, Megan E. Sirna
Master's Projects and Capstones
The Sonoma County Department of Health Services, through Cradle to Career, promotes collective impact around educational attainment and workforce development, and has become a leader in developing a framework for community schools. The first step in developing a community schools model is to understand and inventory what is already going on in the community. This process, known more formally as asset mapping, is a participatory process focused on documenting the strengths and resources of a community. The collaborative nature of the process helps to promote community involvement and build community cohesion. In order to assist schools wanting to begin an …
Preventing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Educating Emergency Room Nurses, Dana M. Ferrazzano
Preventing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Educating Emergency Room Nurses, Dana M. Ferrazzano
Master's Theses, Dissertations, Graduate Research and Major Papers Overview
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the second most common hospital acquired infection and is primarily found in the intensive care units. The presence of an endotracheal tube is the primary risk factor for developing VAP. Many times the process of intubation occurs pre-hospital, in the emergency room (ER) or in the operating room. Ventilator associated pneumonia is associated with increased hospital stay and costs. Evidence-based guidelines have been developed to decrease the occurrence of VAP and decrease patient mortality. Preventative measures are initiated on the intensive care unit once the patient is transferred. The purpose of this study was to evaluate …