Digital Commons Network^™

Sevoflurane Induces Cardioprotection Through Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Upregulation Of Autophagy In Isolated Guinea Pig Hearts., Mayumi Shiomi, Masami Miyamae, Genzou Takemura, Kazuhiro Kaneda, Yoshitaka Inamura, Anna Onishi, Shizuka Koshinuma, Yoshihiro Momota, Toshiaki Minami, Vincent M. Figueredo

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Sevoflurane increases reactive oxygen species (ROS), which mediate cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Emerging evidence suggests that autophagy is involved in cardioprotection. We examined whether reactive oxygen species mediate sevoflurane preconditioning through autophagy.

METHODS: Isolated guinea pigs hearts were subjected to 30 min ischemia followed by 120 min reperfusion (control). Anesthetic preconditioning was elicited with 2 % sevoflurane for 10 min before ischemia (SEVO). The ROS-scavenger, N-(2-mercaptopropionyl) glycine (MPG, 1 mmol/l), was administered starting 30 min before ischemia to sevoflurane-treated (SEVO + MPG) or non-sevoflurane-treated (MPG) hearts. Infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride stain. Tissue samples were obtained …

Targeting Cell Cycle And Hormone Receptor Pathways In Cancer., C E S Comstock, M A Augello, J F Goodwin, R De Leeuw, M J Schiewer, W F Ostrander, R A Burkhart, A K Mcclendon, Peter Mccue, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Costas D. Lallas, Leonard G Gomella, Md, M M Centenera, Jonathan Brody, Md, L M Butler, W D Tilley, K E Knudsen, Phd

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

The cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)/retinoblastoma (RB)-axis is a critical modulator of cell cycle entry and is aberrant in many human cancers. New nodes of therapeutic intervention are needed that can delay or combat the onset of malignancies. The antitumor properties and mechanistic functions of PD-0332991 (PD; a potent and selective CDK4/6 inhibitor) were investigated using human prostate cancer (PCa) models and primary tumors. PD significantly impaired the capacity of PCa cells to proliferate by promoting a robust G1-arrest. Accordingly, key regulators of the G1-S cell cycle transition were modulated including G1 cyclins D, E and A. Subsequent investigation demonstrated the ability …

Collagen Content In Skin And Internal Organs Of The Tight Skin Mouse: An Animal Model Of Scleroderma., Jayanthi Manne, Marina Markova, Linda D Siracusa, Sergio A Jimenez

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

The Tight Skin mouse is a genetically induced animal model of tissue fibrosis caused by a large in-frame mutation in the gene encoding fibrillin-1 (Fbn-1). We examined the influence of gender on the collagen content of tissues in C57BL/6J wild type (+/+) and mutant Tight Skin (Tsk/+) mice employing hydroxyproline assays. Tissue sections were stained with Masson's trichrome to identify collagen in situ. Adult Tsk/+ mice skin contains ~15% more collagen, on average, than skin from +/+ mice of the same gender. The heart of Tsk/+ males had significantly more collagen than that of +/+ males. No significant gender differences …

Combination Of Necroptosis And Apoptosis Inhibition Enhances Cardioprotection Against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury., Shizuka Koshinuma, Masami Miyamae, Kazuhiro Kaneda, Junichiro Kotani, Vincent M. Figueredo

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Necroptosis has been proposed as a mode of cell death that is a caspase-independent programmed necrosis. We investigated whether necroptosis is involved in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolated guinea pig hearts and, if so, whether simultaneous inhibition of necroptosis and apoptosis confers enhanced cardioprotection.

METHODS: Isolated perfused guinea pig hearts were subjected to 30 min ischemia and 4 h reperfusion (control = CTL, n = 8). Necrostatin-1 (necroptosis inhibitor, 10 μM), Z-VAD (apoptosis inhibitor, 0.1 μM) and both inhibitors were administered starting 5 min before ischemia and during the initial 30 min of reperfusion (Nec, Z-VAD, Nec + Z-VAD; …

Care In Columbia: What We Can Glean From South American Medicine, Neil Flannery Haidorfer, Robert Simmons, Drph, Mph, Mches, Cph

CwiC-PH

The information presented is the product of a two month international rotation at Medellin General Hospital and the non-profit pediatric clinic, Santa Ana through an academic affiliation with La Universidad CES in Medellin, Antioquia. The goal of the rotation was to obtain an understanding of healthcare in Columbia and identify potential practices that could be utilized in the U.S.

Sevoflurane Confers Additive Cardioprotection To Ethanol Preconditioning Associated With Enhanced Phosphorylation Of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3Β And Inhibition Of Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening., Anna Onishi, Masami Miyamae, Hiroshi Inoue, Kazuhiro Kaneda, Chika Okusa, Yoshitaka Inamura, Mayumi Shiomi, Shizuka Koshinuma, Yoshihiro Momota, Vincent M. Figueredo

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to investigate whether sevoflurane (SEVO) enhances moderate-dose ethanol (EtOH) preconditioning and whether this additional cardioprotection is associated with glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), protein kinase B (Akt), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), 70-kDa ribosomal s6 kinase-1 (p70s6K), and/or mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening.

DESIGN: In vitro study using an isolated heart Langendorff preparation.

SETTING: University research laboratory.

PARTICIPANTS: Male guinea pigs (n = 170).

INTERVENTIONS: Isolated perfused guinea pig hearts underwent 30-minute ischemia and 120-minute reperfusion (control). The EtOH group received 5% EtOH in the drinking water for 8 weeks. Anesthetic preconditioning was …

Equivalence Of Students' Scores On Timed And Untimed Anatomy Practical Examinations., Guiyan Zhang, Bruce Fenderson, Richard R Schmidt, J J. Veloski

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Untimed examinations are popular with students because there is a perception that first impressions may be incorrect, and that difficult questions require more time for reflection. In this report, we tested the hypothesis that timed anatomy practical examinations are inherently more difficult than untimed examinations. Students in the Doctor of Physical Therapy program at Thomas Jefferson University were assessed on their understanding of anatomic relationships using multiple-choice questions. For the class of 2012 (n = 46), students were allowed to circulate freely among 40 testing stations during the 40-minute testing session. For the class of 2013 (n = 46), students …

Bortezomib (Ps-341) Treatment Decreases Inflammation And Partially Rescues The Expression Of The Dystrophin-Glycoprotein Complex In Grmd Dogs., Karla P C Araujo, Gloria Bonuccelli, Caio N Duarte, Thais P Gaiad, Dayson F Moreira, David Feder, José E Belizario, Maria A Miglino, Michael P Lisanti, Carlos E Ambrosio

Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

Golden retriever muscular dystrophy (GRMD) is a genetic myopathy corresponding to Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) in humans. Muscle atrophy is known to be associated with degradation of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In the present study, we investigated the effect of bortezomib treatment on the muscle fibers of GRMD dogs. Five GRMD dogs were examined; two were treated (TD- Treated dogs) with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, and three were control dogs (CD). Dogs were treated with bortezomib using the same treatment regimen used for multiple myeloma. Pharmacodynamics were evaluated by measuring the inhibition of 20S proteasome activity …

Helping Refugees Navigate The Health Care Maze, Jenna Fox, Andy Kay

CwiC-PH

Jenna’s main focus during her Bridging the Gaps assignment at NSC was an outcomes assessment for use in grant applications. Her side projects included client service and education development

Assessing The Health Needs Of The Burmese And Bhutanese Refugees In South Philadelphia, Patricia Tolu-Ajayi

CwiC-PH

While refugees initially receive government aid (eg, Refugee Medical Assistance) upon arrival to the US, they often have unresolved medical concerns that persist beyond their initial period of government assistance (8 Months). To address these unmet health needs, Refugee Health Partners at Thomas Jefferson University started a free clinic targeting refugees from Bhutan and Burma living in South Philadelphia. An important finding from this clinic was that many refugees do not utilize the health care system, regardless of insurance status. Consequently, it is not known what health and social issues are most prevalent.

Analysis Of Importance Of Implementing Spiritual Assessment And Care Of Patients In Clinical Settings, You Na Park

CwiC-PH

Health professionals need to take care of patients’ spirituality, evaluate various spiritual approaches from both professional and public voices, and address concerns and potential conflicts in meeting the patients’ spiritual needs. There is a number of strategies and solutions to addressing the concerns of spiritual assessments and management of the patients in clinical setting.

Tracking Transplanted Bone Marrow Stem Cells And Their Effects In The Rat Mcao Stroke Model., Gregory V Goldmacher, Rena Nasser, Daniel Y Lee, Sargon Yigit, Robert Rosenwasser, Lorraine Iacovitti

Farber Institute for Neuroscience Faculty Papers

In this study, rat bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) were tracked after IV administration to rats with experimental stroke caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In addition, the effects of BMSC treatment on blood cell composition, brain glia and sensorimotor behavior was studied and compared to that which occurred spontaneously during the normal recovery process after stroke. We found that the vast majority of radiolabeled or fluorescently labeled BMSCs traveled to and remained in peripheral organs (lungs, spleen, liver) 3 days after IV injection in the MCAO rat. Once in the circulation, BMSCs also produced rapid alterations in …

Advancing The Future Of Nursing: A Report By The Building Academic Geriatric Nursing, Jennifer L. Bellot, Dana Carthron, Melissa O'Connor, Karen Rose, Casey Shillam, Janet Van Cleave, Amy Vogelsmeier

College of Nursing Faculty Papers & Presentations

In the United States, the number of older adults will double during the next 25 years (United States Census Bureau, 2008). This dramatic demographic shift is changing the landscape of health care practice as more people live longer with multiple chronic conditions. To better prepare nurses to care for this future population, the John A. Hartford Foundation partnered with the American Academy of Nursing in 2000 to launch the Building Academic Geriatric Nursing Capacity (BAGNC) program. Since that time, 251 scholarships and fellowships have been awarded to nurses to advance geriatric nursing education, research, and practice. In 2009, …

Periodontal Disease Is An Independent Predictor Of Intracardiac Calcification., Gregg S Pressman, Atif Qasim, Nitin Verma, Masami Miyamae, Kumiko Arishiro, Yasuhiro Notohara, Vitalie Crudu, Vincent M. Figueredo

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is the most common chronic inflammatory condition worldwide and is associated with incident coronary disease.

HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesized that periodontal disease would also be associated with cardiac calcification, a condition which shares many risk factors with atherosclerosis and is considered a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis.

METHODS: Cross-sectional study at two sites (USA and Japan) involving subjects with both clinical echocardiograms and detailed dental examinations. Semiquantitative scoring systems were used to assess severity of periodontal disease and echocardiographic calcification.

RESULTS: Fifty-six of 73 subjects (77%) had cardiac calcifications, and 51% had moderate to severe periodontal disease (score > 2). In …

Endovascular Treatment Of Cerebral Mycotic Aneurysm: A Review Of The Literature And Single Center Experience., Mario Zanaty, Md, Nohra El-Chalouhi, Md, Robert M Starke, Stavropoula Tjoumakaris Md, L Fernando Gonzalez, Md, David Hasan, Md, Robert Rosenwasser, Md, Pascal Jabbour, Md

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

The management of mycotic aneurysm has always been subject to controversy. The aim of this paper is to review the literature on the intracranial infected aneurysm from pathogenesis till management while focusing mainly on the endovascular interventions. This novel solution seems to provide additional benefits and long-term favorable outcomes.