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Spreading The Washington Consensus Into Food And Agriculture Sectors: The Case Of The International Monetary Fund, Adel Daoud, Bernhard Reinsberg, Alexander E. Kentikelenis, Thomas H. Stubbs, Lawrence P. King
Spreading The Washington Consensus Into Food And Agriculture Sectors: The Case Of The International Monetary Fund, Adel Daoud, Bernhard Reinsberg, Alexander E. Kentikelenis, Thomas H. Stubbs, Lawrence P. King
PERI Working Papers
The mandate and competence of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) do not cover food and agriculture policies. Yet, signs indicate that IMF enages in these policies. Scholars lack a systematic empirical foundation to monitor the extent and impact of IMF’s operations on these sectors. Based on a combination of machine and human coding, we present a comprehensive database on IMF’s policy interventions in food and agriculture. Using new data on IMF conditionality between 1980 and 2014, we assess to what extent the IMF targets these sectors through its ‘conditionalities’—policies that governments need to implement to access IMF credit. The analysis …
Resources For Peace? Managing Revenues From Extractive Industries In Post-Conflict Environments, Philippe Le Billon
Resources For Peace? Managing Revenues From Extractive Industries In Post-Conflict Environments, Philippe Le Billon
PERI Working Papers
The need to build legitimate and capable states in wartorn societies is now widely recognized. The Principles for Good International Engagement in Fragile States, adopted by the development ministers of major donor countries in March 2005, declares that statebuilding is ‘the central objective.’ This represents a striking break from the prevailing wisdom in the closing decades of the 20th century, when the state was widely regarded as the problem. The state has been rediscovered: it is now invoked as the solution. The policy rhetoric has changed from downsizing states to building state capacity. Yet little systematic work has been done …
Certification Systems As Tools For Natural Asset Building: Potential , Experience To Date, And Critical Challenges, Michael E. Conroy
Certification Systems As Tools For Natural Asset Building: Potential , Experience To Date, And Critical Challenges, Michael E. Conroy
PERI Working Papers
Certification systems are becoming important tools to encourage and reward social and environmental responsibility. This paper explores whether these systems, which generally have not been designed for the explicit aim of poverty reduction, can assist poor people, either individually or in community-based and small-to-medium production units, to build their natural assets as a basis for sustainable livelihoods. The paper examines two leading certification systems – the Forest Stewardship Council™ and the Fair Trade Certified™ system – and emerging systems in tourism and mining. The results to date have been mixed. In the forestry sector, poverty reduction benefits of certification have …
Extractive Reserves: Building Natural Assets In The Brazilian Amazon, Anthony Hall
Extractive Reserves: Building Natural Assets In The Brazilian Amazon, Anthony Hall
PERI Working Papers
Amazonia possesses the world's largest remaining area of tropical rainforest (3.5 million sq. km). Despite three decades of settlement and intensive development, the forest is still relatively intact compared with similar areas elsewhere. The region is an increasingly important source of natural assets for both regional and national economic growth, and provides livelihood support to a population of several million. In addition, the Amazon supplies key environmental services in terms of the conservation of biological diversity, climate regulation, and watershed management, as well as sequestering an estimated ten percent of global carbon emissions.
Natural And Cultural Assets And Participatory Forest Management In West Africa, Kojo Sebastian Amanor
Natural And Cultural Assets And Participatory Forest Management In West Africa, Kojo Sebastian Amanor
PERI Working Papers
This chapter explores the ways in which concepts of 'community' and 'environmental crisis' are constructed and implemented in contemporary forest policy in West Africa and the implications of these policies for the relationships among people, their production, and the environment. It argues that many West African communities have interacted with the environment in ways that have enhanced the natural resource base. A forestry strategy rooted in a conception of building natural assets – rather than in protecting a threatened and ostensibly pristine nature from human intervention, as characterizes much environmental thinking – can meet the objectives of reducing poverty and …