Digital Commons Network^™

The Influence Of Entrepreneurial Marketing On Sustainable Competitive Advantage In Tanzanian Smes: A Lower-Order Dimensional Analysis, Omari Khalifa Mbura

Business Management Review

Although entrepreneurial marketing is increasingly recognised as multidimensional, limited understanding remains of whether its individual behaviours exhibit equivalent relationships with competitive advantage, particularly when behaviours associated with the same broad dynamic-capability process are considered separately. This study examines the associations between five lower-order dimensions of entrepreneurial marketing (EM)—proactiveness, innovativeness, resource leveraging, customer intensity and value creation—and sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) among food-processing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Guided by Dynamic Capability Theory (DCT), cross-sectional survey data from 255 SMEs were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) in the SEMinR package in R. …

Lessons From Tanzania’S Ujamaa For Smart Settlements In Nepal: Social Justice And Economic Development, Keshav Bhattarai, Ambika P. Adhikari

Himalayan Research Papers Archive

Nepal’s constitutional commitment to a “socialism-oriented” state places social justice, equitable access to resources and housing, and protection of marginalized populations at the center of national development discourse. However, persistent landlessness, informal settlements, unemployment, youth outmigration, and unequal access to infrastructure reveal a significant gap between constitutional aspirations and socioeconomic realities.

This article examines lessons Nepal can draw from Tanzania’s experience with Ujamaa, the African socialist development model initiated by President Nyerere in 1967. Using comparative policy analysis, published research, official documents, and exploratory field observations from selected Tanzanian locations, including the capital and villages in the Iringa Region, the …

Designing And Evaluating A Human-Centered Faq Chatbot For Public Service Delivery: A Case Study Of The Tanzania Ports Authority, Barnabas Masanja, Joel Mtebe, Aron Kondoro

The African Journal of Information Systems

Chatbots are increasingly used in public service delivery, yet many remain difficult to use because their scope, conversational flow and persona are poorly designed. This study evaluates whether a human-centered design (HCD) approach can improve the usability of a Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) chatbot developed for the Tanzania Ports Authority (TPA). The chatbot was designed iteratively through stakeholder consultation and expert input, with explicit attention to scope clarity, error handling, multi-turn flow and transparent persona design. Usability was assessed through heuristic evaluation, task-based testing and post-use questionnaires with 15 domain experts. The chatbot achieved a 95.1% weighted task success rate, …

Beyond The “Him-Her-Ing” Dichotomy: Unpacking Gendered Power Logics In Tanzanian Public Administration, Furaha Julius

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Despite decades of policy commitment to gender equity in Tanzania, substantive inequality within public administration endures. This study moves beyond quantifying women's underrepresentation to investigate the discursive and performative mechanisms that sustain a gendered power logic, termed him-her-ing. Situated within post-structural feminist theory and drawing on qualitative data from 21 in-depth interviews and a critical review of policy documents, this paper reveals how administrative practices—from leadership norms to routine task allocation—continuously reproduce a binary that privileges masculine-coded authority. Findings demonstrate that ostensibly neutral bureaucratic procedures, religious and customary influences, and informal patronage networks coalesce to marginalize feminine subjectivities, even within …

Public Perception Of Community Policing In Tanzania, Bernadeta Killian, William John Walwa

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Community policing is widely recognized as a viable means to address increasing security challenges. However, security problems in Tanzania have increased even though the police force has formalized and implemented a community policing structure called Ulinzi Shirikishi (participatory security) during the past 20 years. In this paper, both qualitative and quantitative methods are applied to analyse the community perception of Ulinzi Shirikishi to determine its viability. Located in the concept of social capital, it reveals that even though the police and government have favoured the use of Ulinzi Shirikishi to organize security, it is not the most preferred security structure …

Broadband Diffusion And Digital Preparedness In Tanzania: Harnessing The Role Of Technology In Formal Education, George Matto, John J. Iwata

Journal of Global Education and Research

Broadband, as a high-speed Internet connectivity, is an essential enabler for digital preparedness. However, little is known, in the case of Tanzania, about the nexus between broadband diffusion and digital preparedness, particularly in the facilitation of the teaching and learning process. This study, therefore, aimed at investigating the nexus between broadband diffusion and digital preparedness in Tanzania by focusing on the country’s readiness to leverage the same for formal education. The study employed a systematic review, guided by the PRISMA framework, to obtain the empirical evidence from existing literature. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes, analyze, and interpret qualitative …

Firm Level Labour Productivity Drivers And Export Status In Tanzania, Mgeni E. Msafiri, Vincent Leyaro, Rosemary Taylor

Tanzanian Economic Review

This study analysed the drivers of firm-level labour productivity by export status and estimated the counterfactual gains from exporting. Using the 2022 nationally representative Tanzania Enterprise Survey and an endogenous switching regression model, results revealed significant differences in the drivers of labour productivity between exporting and non-exporting firms. The productivity of exporting firms was positively associated with business linkages with small and medium-sized enterprises, foreign ownership, access to finance, and capital intensity. Similar factors were associated with labour productivity among non-exporting firms, alongside linkages with large firms. However, access to finance had asymmetric patterns: exporting firms benefited from greater financial …

Barriers To Essential Services On Construction Sites: A Reflection Of Sexual Health Services., Henerico Henerico, Geraldine Kikwasi, Joel Zambi

CIB Conferences

Sexual health services being are critical for the well-being of construction workers, however, it has been lacking attention in many occupational settings. In Tanzania, construction workers, many of whom operate under informal or temporary conditions, face various sexual health challenges. This study examines the barriers to providing sexual health services on construction sites. Data was obtained from 80 randomly selected respondents on ongoing construction sites using questionnaires. The main barriers to providing sexual health are lack of funding for sexual health education, exclusion of sexual health from occupational health and safety, absence of collaborations between workplace with clinics or NGOs, …

Co-Designed Interventions Package For Enhancing Women's Resilience In Reproductive And Child Health Through Income-Generating Associations: A Human-Centered Design Study In Tanzania, Kahabi Isangula, Aminieli Itaeli Usiri, Eunice Pallangyo

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: Maternal and under-five mortality remain major public health concerns in many low- and middle-income countries, including Tanzania. Despite their widespread use in strengthening economic resilience, income-generating associations (IGAs) have not fully utilized their potential as platforms for addressing reproductive and child health (RCH) challenges.

Objective: This study aimed to co-design an intervention package with women participating in income-generating associations to enhance their preparedness and resilience in addressing RCH challenges in Tanzania.

Methods: A qualitative descriptive study guided by a Human-Centered Design (HCD) framework was conducted in the Arusha and Shinyanga regions of Tanzania. The study followed …

Tanzania Mbesese Initiative 2026, June Ezzell, Sam Liebman, Noah Beyer, Kate Hamilton, Luke Vollert, Kylee Borgen, Cody Balazs, Meg Mclaughlin

Architectural Engineering

The Tanzania Mbesese Initiative 2026 Senior Project supports a multi-year design-build effort to establish the Same Polytechnic College in Same, Tanzania. This community faces high poverty levels and limited access to higher education, necessitating sustainable infrastructure to support tertiary education. To prepare for the upcoming July phase of construction, an eight-student Architectural Engineering team designed three practical and resilient structures: a Shade Structure, a Water Collection Structure, and a Reusable Scaffolding system. The final design applied structural analysis, modeling, and hand-tool fabrication practice to balance material efficiency with long-term structural durability. The deliverables provide comprehensive construction documentation, complete material takeoffs, …

Clinician Perspectives On Fistula Mental Health, Victoria K. Leonard

Doctoral Dissertations

Background – Obstetric fistula is a childbirth injury caused by prolonged labor that leads to stillbirth and incontinence, spurring social exclusion and isolation. These layers of trauma put women with fistula at great risk for psychological suffering, which has profound negative socioeconomic impacts on them, their families, and communities. This study captured treatment as usual at Comprehensive Community Based Rehabilitation in Tanzania (CCBRT), the country’s largest provider of fistula care.

Method – Improving holistic fistula treatment requires engaging the clinicians who care for women with fistula. This study aimed to investigate the training, beliefs, and treatment approaches of nurses and …

The Influence Of Financial Literacy On The Financial Behavior Of Students In The Higher Learning Institutions In Tanzania, Lisa John Baltazar, Evelyn Mweta Richard

Business Management Review

This study examines how financial literacy influences financial behavior as measured by spending, saving and investment and borrowing behavior of university students. The study was informed by the theory of planned behavior. Explanatory research design was used to test the research hypothesis. Data was collected through using a structure questionnaire which was administered both physically and online.  446 random selected students across Universities in Tanzania participated in the study, and simple linear regression analysis was used to establish the effect of financial literacy on financial behavior.  It was established that majority of the students are considered financially illiterate. However, the …

Enhancing Hope In Mathematics From An East African Perspective, Howard Omukami

Institute for Educational Development, East Africa

No abstract provided.

From Awareness To Action: Exploring The Behavioral Gap In Green Computing Among Surveyed University Students In Tanzania, Victor G. Wilson

Business Management Review

As digital technologies become increasingly embedded in higher education, promoting environmentally responsible computing practices has become an important sustainability and management concern. This study applies the Norm Activation Model (NAM) to examine green computing behavior among university students in Tanzania. Drawing on responses from 868 students across science, education, and business programs, the study investigates how Awareness of Consequences, Ascription of Responsibility, and Personal Norms influence green computing behaviors. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to assess both the explanatory power of the NAM variables and the selective moderating roles of gender and academic program. Findings reveal that both awareness and …

Revitalising Tanzania’S Textile Industry Through The Uk Textile System’S Role, Charles M. Kahabi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Currently, there is the environmental and social challenges emerging from the global clothing and textile industry, specifically on textile waste management.  Additionally, the flow of second-hand clothing (SHC) between European countries especially the UK and Tanzania is increasing. In the UK, rapid growth of second-hand clothing (mitumba) driven by fast fashion results in vast quantities of discarded garments, of which only a fraction is recycled, leaving the remainder in landfills. Conversely, Tanzania has long depended on imported SHC a practice that, while affordable, has undermined local textile industries and contributed to waste accumulation. By examining Tanzania’s textile landscape, the research …

Implementation Of The Fourth Industrial Revolution Technologies In Tanzania’S Downstream Oil And Gas Industries, Vitalis John Mwinyi

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

The advent of the fourth industrial revolution (IR4.0) has resulted in the digital transformation of multiple sectors of the economy due to the disruptive nature of the technologies driving the revolution. The technologies have already found their way into the oil and gas industries across the globe, especially in upstream, midstream, and downstream operations. However, the degree of implementation is not the same for these operations, considering the complexities involved, integrated process, the associated risk and investment cost, among others. This study aimed to establish the implementation level of IR4.0 technologies in the downstream operations. A survey method was employed …

Entrepreneurial Orientation And Performance Of Microfinance Cooperatives: Evidence From Tanzania, Grace Thomas Mori, Omari Khalifa Mbura

Business Management Review

Microfinance cooperatives (MFCs) play a key role in socio-economic development, predominantly in developing countries. However, studies focusing on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and the performance of MFCs are limited, particularly in Tanzania. This study was informed by the resource-based view to examine the influence of EO dimensions on the performance of MFCs in Tanzania. Specifically, the study focused on four dimensions of EO namely; innovativeness, proactiveness, risk taking, and competitive aggressiveness behaviours. Data were obtained from 299 stratified sampled managers of MFCs through the administration of a structured questionnaire. In testing this relationship, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation …

Constraints To Adopting Locally Based Innovation Systems In Adapting To Climate Change Impacts In Serengeti District, Tanzania, Donald Mwiturubani

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Smallholder farmers in rural Tanzania depend mainly on rain-fed agriculture, which makes them vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. This paper is based on a study conducted in Burunga and Musati villages in Serengeti District, Tanzania. The study employed a mixed methods approach; combining qualitative and quantitative methods. It involved 154 participants and employed household surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions as data collection methods. The findings suggest that smallholder farmers in the study area are aware of climate change and do, indeed, develop, adopt, and use locally-based innovation systems that avert or minimise its impacts. Smallholder …

Influential Factors In Agricultural Technology Adoption By Maize Farmers In Tanzania: Insights From The 2020–21 National Panel Survey, Rebecca Yauleni, Wiggins Kyatikila, Cornel Joseph

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Abstract

In many developing countries, agriculture remains a vital source of food, employment, and income. The adoption of agricultural technologies can boost farm revenue and productivity, reduce food insecurity, and lessen poverty. This study investigates the main factors influencing farmers’ decisions to adopt fertilizers, improved seeds, soil conservation practices, and pesticides in Tanzania. The analysis uses cross-sectional data from the fifth wave of the Tanzania National Panel Survey (TNPS), and employs an ordered probit model. The findings revealed that access to extension services, higher household years of schooling, poor soil quality, livestock ownership, and use of hired labour significantly increase …

Ecosystem-Based Flood Disaster Risk Reduction In The Little Ruaha River Basin, In The Southern Highlands Of Tanzania, Mawazo Ghambi, Tiemo Romward Haule

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Ecosystem-based approach that integrates floods and environmental risk management is believed to reduce flood disaster risk while providing socio-economic and environmental benefits to floodplain occupants. This study examined the socio-economic and environmental benefits of the ecosystem-based approach in managing flood disaster risk in the Little Ruaha River Basin in the southern highlands of Tanzania. The study involved 157 participants and employed the mixed research design to collect quantitative and qualitative data. Semi-structured interviews, in-depth interviews, direct field observation and Focus Group Discussions were used to collect primary data, whereas documentary review was used to collect secondary data. Findings revealed that …

The Local Outsider: Sleeping Sickness Drug Trials, Social Exclusion, And Responses Of Women In The Uyui District Of Tanzania, 1964-2005, Hamisi M. Machangu

Journal of International Women's Studies

Unethical practices in sleeping sickness drug trials conducted in the Uyui District of Tanzania from 1964 to 2005 resulted in physical and psychological disabilities among participants and contributed to the social exclusion of its women participants. Although these practices are understood to have caused disabilities, existing studies have overlooked their contribution to the social exclusion of women. Drawing from both primary and secondary sources, this article treats the impact of such practices as a window to examine the nature and dimensions of social exclusion of women with disabilities and how these women responded to social exclusion at the grassroots level. …

The Drivers Of The Gender Gap In Financial Inclusion For Entrepreneurial Development: Empirical Analysis From Tanzania, Cornel Joseph, Chakupewa Joseph Mpambije

Business Management Review

The gender gap in financial inclusion is a significant concern for both the academic community and policymakers, as it represents a critical factor influencing the development of entrepreneurship in Tanzania. Using the World Bank’s Findex database of 2021, this paper examines the drivers of the gender gap in financial inclusion for entrepreneurial development in Tanzania. The study adopts the Fairlie decomposition to examine the contribution of these factors to the gender gap in access and usage of financial services. The empirical results from the Fairlie decomposition analysis confirm the existence of a gender gap in access to financial services in …

Understanding The Epidemiology Of Malaria In Zanzibar Through Molecular And Serological Analysis Of Samples Collected During Reactive Case Detection, Vanrun Goel, Wahida Hassan, Caroline Murphy, Barbara B. Choloi, Mohamed Ali, Shija J. Shija, Jeffrey A. Bailey, Anders Björkman, Billey E. Ngasala, Eric Rogier, Jonathan J. Juliano, Jessica T. Lin

Faculty Publications

Background

The Zanzibar archipelago has been a pre-elimination region for malaria thanks to rigorous control interventions, but recent surges in malaria cases have been observed. The contribution of non-falciparum species to the current malaria situation is unknown.

Method

This study investigates the epidemiology of falciparum and non-falciparum malaria species in Zanzibar. Leveraging plasma extracted from dried blood spots (DBS) collected during reactive case detection (RCD) activities across Unguja island from May 2022 to January 2023, we measured immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to Plasmodium MSP1-19kD antigens using a multiplex bead-based immunoassay. Additionally, active infections were detected using species-specific real-time PCR.

Results …

Can Tanzanian Neurosurgeons Access Tanzanian Neurosurgical Literature? A Systematic Review And Survey Of Neurosurgical Publications, Romani R. Sabas, Julie Woodfield, Chibuikem Anthony Ikwuegbuenyi, Magalie Cadieux, Consolata Shayo, Zarina Shabhay, Happiness Rabiel, Beverly Cheserem, Joel Bwemelo, Drew N. Wright

General Surgery, East Africa

Background and Objectives: Free and open access to research data and findings promotes equity in access to healthcare knowledge and equity in patient care and treatment. To benefit the health care of the population studied, research findings must be accessible to clinicians, academics, and policymakers serving those populations. The aim of this study was to assess the extent of published Tanzanian neurosurgical data and its accessibility to those practicing within the country.

Methods: A systematic review of all published neurosurgical studies from Tanzania was conducted. Authorship, funding, and open-access status were recorded. Tanzanian neurosurgeons were surveyed by telephone or in …

From De-Emphasizing Public Health And Social Measures For Covid-19 To Vaccine Acceptance: An Analysis Of Two Tanzanian Administration’S Responses To Covid-19, Simon Mutebi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Recent global public health literature on politics and pandemics has explored the diversity of African political leaders’ responses to COVID-19. In this article, analysis is done of two Tanzanian administrations’ responses to COVID-19 to show how they departed from each other. For instance, the late President John Magufuli’s administration promoted ‘Afrocentric’ medical knowledge, endogenous initiatives, and spiritual prowess while de-emphasizing ‘Western’ biomedical and public health measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. His successor, President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s administration, however, favoured and promoted public health and social interventions and authorized the importation and use of COVID-19 vaccines in Tanzania. Drawing …

Public Sector Reform In Tanzania: Implementation Of The National Five-Year Development Plan Towards Social Service Provision, Gelas Rubakula

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Since independence, Tanzania has had a tradition of formulating and implementing long-term and medium-term development plans including the Five-Year Development Plan II (FYDP II) of 2016/17-2020/21. This article aims to assess the implementation of the FYDP II in relation to the provision of social services such as water, health, and education. The empirical question however is whether or not, and to what extent this plan has been implemented. The study thematically analysed secondary data to assess the implementation process. The results show that, to some extent, the implementation was affected by the continued financial dependence on foreign aid and loans, …

From De-Emphasizing Public Health And Social Measures For Covid-19 To Vaccine Acceptance: An Analysis Of Two Tanzanian Administration’S Responses To Covid-19, Simon Mutebi

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Recent global public health literature on politics and pandemics has explored the diversity of African political leaders’ responses to COVID-19. In this article, analysis is done of two Tanzanian administrations’ responses to COVID-19 to show how they departed from each other. For instance, the late President John Magufuli’s administration promoted ‘Afrocentric’ medical knowledge, endogenous initiatives, and spiritual prowess while de-emphasizing ‘Western’ biomedical and public health measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19. His successor, President Samia Suluhu Hassan’s administration, however, favoured and promoted public health and social interventions and authorized the importation and use of COVID-19 vaccines in Tanzania. Drawing …

Public Sector Reform In Tanzania: Implementation Of The National Five-Year Development Plan Towards Social Service Provision, Gelas Rubakula

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

Since independence, Tanzania has had a tradition of formulating and implementing long-term and medium-term development plans including the Five-Year Development Plan II (FYDP II) of 2016/17-2020/21. This article aims to assess the implementation of the FYDP II in relation to the provision of social services such as water, health, and education. The empirical question however is whether or not, and to what extent this plan has been implemented. The study thematically analysed secondary data to assess the implementation process. The results show that, to some extent, the implementation was affected by the continued financial dependence on foreign aid and loans, …

How Power Distancing Mentality Hinders A Citiens Readiness To Report A Witnessed Corruption Incident In Tanania., Eric Clement Mgalula, Audax Kweyamba

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

In this paper, citien’s reportage of corruption means a citien’s readiness to report a witnessed corruption incident to the anticorruption agencies. Citiens’ reportage of corruption is largely conditioned by a free will decision. In this study, the decision to report corruption or not, noted as a critical concern in anti-corruption efforts. The influence of the social-psychological factors, particularly a powerdistancing mind-set on a citizens intentional behaviour to report a corruption event, has been utilized as a method to establish factors that would affect citizens to report witnessed corruption incidents in Tanzania. A case study was used. This paper used qualitative …

Tanzania's Compliance To International Covid-19 Standards: Determinants And Extent, Maria Joseph Tairo, Boniphace Shimba Francis

Tanzania Journal of Sociology

This article assesses Tanzania’s level of compliance to international COVID-19 preventive measures, with a focus on the political, economic, and socio-cultural factors that influenced the adherence. A qualitative research approach with descriptive design were adopted. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 28 purposively selected participants, including healthcare workers and government officials from Dar es Salaam and Dodoma. Moreover, relevant documents from health sector were reviewed. Thematic analysis was performed using Computer-Assisted Qualitative Data Analysis Software (CAQDAS). The findings revealed that political leadership played a pivotal role in shaping compliance levels. The 5th regime demonstrated skepticism toward WHO guidelines and …