Digital Commons Network^™

Body Mass Index, Prebiotic Supplementation During Pregnancy And Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Risk: An Effect Modification Analysis From A Randomised Controlled Trial, Rachelle A. Pretorius, Thomas R. Sullivan, Summer V.M. Walker, Johan Garssen, Jeffrey A. Keelan, Desiree Silva, Susan L. Prescott, Debra J. Palmer

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Prebiotic dietary supplementation has been shown to improve glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetes patients. The aim of this analysis was to determine whether pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) modifies the effect of prebiotic supplementation from mid-pregnancy on reducing the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: In a double-blinded, randomised controlled trial, pregnant women < 21 gestational weeks were randomly assigned (1:1) to consume daily prebiotics (14.2 g galacto-oligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides) or placebo (8.7 g maltodextrin) powder. An effect modification analysis was performed to assess the heterogeneity of the effect of prebiotic supplementation in relation to pre-pregnancy BMI on GDM diagnosis. Results: Between June 2016 and November 2021, 329 women were assigned to the prebiotic group (50.4%), and 323 (49.5%) were assigned to the placebo group. Overall, 288 of 652 women (44.2%) were classified as overweight/obese prior to pregnancy (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²). The distribution was balanced, with 146/329 (44.4%) randomised to the prebiotics group and 142/323 (44.0%) in the placebo group. Pre-pregnancy BMI modified the effect of prebiotic supplementation, with the intervention reducing GDM rates in women with a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m^{2 …}

Living Next Door To Mcdonald’S: A Qualitative Study Of Community Submissions And Resident Realities Pre- And Post Development, Roslyn Giglia, Jacinta Francis, Jana Buckle, Clare Whitton, Ros Sambell, Frith Klug, Lukar Thornton, Siobhan Hickling, Katherine Kent, Gina Trapp

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: The proliferation of fast-food outlets (FFOs) in residential areas has raised growing concerns about their impact on community health, safety, and wellbeing. This qualitative study examined both pre-development community consultation submissions and post-development resident experiences surrounding the development of a McDonald’s outlet in a newly established suburb on the urban fringe of Perth, Western Australia (WA). Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive design, the study analyzed 183 community submissions lodged with the local council prior to development and conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 residents living within 300 m of the outlet after construction. Results: Content analysis revealed strong opposition, with …

Streamlining Diagnosis Of Bardet-Biedl Syndrome: New Diagnostic Algorithm With Updated Criteria., Jeremy J. Pomeroy, Jesse Richards, Brooke Sweeney, Seema Kumar, Katie E. Queen, Joshua Zaritsky, Carl H. Cramer, Elias I. Traboulsi, Brittni A. Scruggs, Erica E. Davis, Ekaterina Keifer, Emma Mcgibbon, Timothy Ogden, Bendert De Graaf, Tonia Hymers, Elizabeth Forsythe, Philip Beales

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Considerable advances have been made in our understanding of Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), particularly in its core clinical features and molecular genetics, warranting an update to the existing diagnostic criteria framework. Using a rigorous, evidence-based, and consensus-driven process, a multidisciplinary group of international experts and patient-led organizations developed an updated diagnostic algorithm. This algorithm provides practical, updated guidance for clinicians, including a pathway for accurately incorporating genetic findings into the diagnostic process. We recommend that a clinical diagnosis requires either 4 major criteria or 3 major and 2 minor criteria. Revised major criteria are retinal dystrophy, obesity (or overweight in individuals <  2 years old), congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract or chronic kidney disease, hypogonadism/genital anomalies, neurodevelopmental/neurocognitive manifestations, and postaxial polydactyly. The diagnosis can also be established with a positive genetic testing result in patients exhibiting ≥ 1 major criterion, provided that genetic findings should be interpreted in the context of the patient's clinical presentation, age, family history, and overlap with related ciliopathies. These consensus criteria offer a simple algorithm incorporating updated definitions for major and minor criteria and genetic testing to support a timely and accurate diagnosis of patients with BBS, inform genetic counseling, and potentially facilitate earlier access to treatment. Trial Registration: CRIBBS Registry; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02329210.

Barriers And Facilitators To Health Literacy Among Black Americans With Overweight And Obesity In South Carolina: A Mini-Ethnographic Study, Shelly Campbell-Timmons

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this qualitative mini ethnography adapted from traditional ethnography with limited time and scope, was to explore and understand perceptions of barriers and facilitators to health literacy among Black Americans with overweight and obesity in three South Carolina counties. Population data showed that approximately 40.3% of U.S. adults are obese. Moreover, Non-Hispanic Black communities are disproportionately affected by overweight and obesity despite efforts to combat the weight-related health risk. Still, limited health literacy should be the focus of public health strategies like teach-back and plain language communication, to address overweight and obesity prevalence and disparities. The study was …

Intensive Longitudinal Assessment Of Stress And Stress-Related Concepts Across A Weight Loss Program: Protocol For A Longitudinal Ecological Momentary Assessment Study., Chelsea L. Kracht, Ann M. Davis, Udayan Apte, Madigan Snodgrass, Taylor Y. Collier, Jeffery J. Honas, John M. Jakicic

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Fluctuations in daily stress and the inability to cope with this stress (i.e., coping) can negatively impact behavior and potentially weight loss. Longitudinal studies using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of psychological factors and behavior may inform interventions that can be adapted in real-time to modify stress and stress-related factors to enhance weight loss. This study's purpose is to examine variability in stress and stress-related concepts and weight loss during a behavioral weight loss program with the intent of this informing future interventions.

METHODS: Individuals with obesity (body mass index: ≥ 30 kg/m2) who are newly enrolled in an existing …

Intermittent Fasting: Effectiveness In Lowering Bmi Of Postmenopausal Women, Becky Hanna

SIU Journal of Medical Science Scholarly Works

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to review the intervention of an intermittent fasting diet in postmenopausal women with a BMI greater than or equal to 30 kg/m² in comparison with a nonintervention diet for lowering BMI.

Method: A literature search was performed utilizing PubMed. Keywords such as intermittent fasting, fasting, obesity, weight loss, time-restricted feeding, postmenopausal, and menopause were used in the search. The search was limited to free full articles with dates of 2019-2024. A few combinations of terms were used to focus the results of the search. Articles examining exercise plus intermittent fasting as …

Skin Carotenoid Scores Are A Valid Approximation Of Fruit And Vegetable Intake Among Adults With Obesity, Stephanie B Jilcott Pitts, Qiang Wu, Elizabeth Gates, Melissa N Laska, Andrew R Dinardo, Nancy E Moran

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Skin carotenoid score (SCS) as measured using pressure-mediated reflection spectroscopy has been validated among adults with normal and overweight body mass index, with little validation research among adults with obesity. Therefore, the purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the validity of SCS as an approximation of fruit and vegetable intake among adults with obesity. We used samples from adults with obesity from three prior studies: The first study examined the validity of SCS among 213 adults, 34 with obesity; the second, examined sensitivity of SCS to a β-carotene-rich juice intervention among 162 adults, 14 with obesity; the third …

The Association Between Rapid Growth In Children Under The Age Of Five And Adolescent Obesity, Ratu Ayu Dewi Sartika, Fadila Wirawan, Iche Andriyani Liberty, Nurul Husna Mohd Shukri, Siti Arifah Pujonarti, Edy Purwanto, Munaya Fauziah

Kesmas

Early-life nutrition is a critical predictor of long-term health, yet the association between rapid early-childhood growth and adolescent obesity, particularly in relation to the “double burden of malnutrition,” remains under-researched in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the association between rapid growth and adolescent obesity. Data were obtained from the 1997, 2000, and 2014 waves of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS). This study included 641 children (aged 0–23 months at baseline) with complete anthropometric measurements across all three waves. Rapid growth was defined as an increase in z-scores of >0.67 in weight-for-age (WAZ), height-for-age (HAZ), or weight-for-height (WHZ) between …

Glucagon Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists In Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Safety, Clinical Effectiveness And Anti-Inflammatory Mechanisms, Shannon Fernando, Joy Zhao, Kevan Josloff, Nida Zubair, Aakash Desai, Raina Shivashankar, Patricia L. Kozuch, Cuckoo Choudhary, Gary Lichtenstein, Priya Sehgal

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of obesity among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to rise and is associated with adverse IBD outcomes and diminished treatment response. This study reviews the clinical safety and efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) in patients with IBD and comorbid obesity and explores their theorized anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

METHODS: Published articles through July 2026 were identified via a PubMed search for a narrative review using terms related to GLP-1RA, IBD, safety, effectiveness, and outcomes. Data extraction focused on GLP-1RA intervention details, IBD-related outcomes and inflammatory markers, and proposed anti-inflammatory mechanisms.

RESULTS: GLP-1RA therapy promotes weight …

Assessing Healthcare Access Among Overweight And Obese Individuals In Türkiye Using Latent Variable Modeling, Banu Beyaz Sipahi

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: Overweight and obesity are critical determinants of healthcare access, yet evidence on how the COVID-19 pandemic reshaped these dynamics in Türkiye remains limited. This study investigates whether the early post-pandemic recovery period altered healthcare access patterns for individuals with excess weight.

Methods: Using nationally representative microdata from the 2014, 2016, 2019, and 2022 Turkish Health Surveys, we constructed a latent Healthcare Access Index based on six indicators of unmet care needs. Probit models were estimated to assess associations between BMI categories and healthcare access, controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors. The 2022 wave serves as the early …

Non-Enzymatic Hepatic Abhd6 Interacts With Akt-Foxo1 Axis To Regulate Metabolic Health, Guannan Li, Laurence T Maeyens, Jiyuan Yin, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Chanmin Joung, Ruizhen Li, Ziying Xu, Ting Wu, Xin Li, Nisi Jiang, Mbolle Ekane, Maria Paula Lopez, Pengju Cao, Sijia He, Adam B Salmon, S R Murthy Madiraju, Marc Prentki, Juli Bai, James F Nelson, Xianlin Han, Yi Zhu, Shangang Zhao

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The enzymatic role of ABHD6 in insulin secretion and resistance is well documented. However, its non-enzymatic function, especially its effects on metabolic health, including selective hepatic insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is poorly understood. To define the role of ABHD6 in liver physiology, we generated liver-specific ABHD6 knockout mice, as well as liver-specific native and enzymatically inactive mutant ABHD6 overexpression mouse models. We demonstrate that non-enzymatic ABHD6 contributes to the regulation of selective hepatic insulin resistance and MASLD progression. Mechanistically, we show that ABHD6 localizes to the nucleus and interacts with Akt/FoxO1 axis to regulate insulin …

A Cooking Skills Intervention For Long-Term Weight Loss In Young Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Rationale And Design For A Randomized Trial., Lauren T. Ptomey, Jessica C. Danon, Delwyn Catley, Richard A. Washburn, Amy Bodde, Francisco J. Diaz, Brian C. Helsel, Anna M. Rice, Joseph R. Sherman, Madison Koester, Walker S. Mckinney Ph.D., Joseph E. Donnelly

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Young adults with intellectual disability (ID) are an underserved population with a high prevalence of obesity, obesity-related health conditions, and reduced ability to complete instrumental and basic activities of daily living (I/ADLs). After leaving the structured environment of public school, many young adults with ID spend more time at home or in day programs, begin living more independently, or enter the workforce. These transitions may increase reliance on fast or processed foods and reduce opportunities for physical activity, contributing to accelerated weight gain. Previous research has demonstrated clinically meaningful short- and long-term weight loss (18-24 months) in adults with mild-to-moderate …

Incretin-Based Medications In Women And Reproduction: A Systematic Scoping Review And Consensus Guidelines For Clinical Practice, Kate Maslin, Jill Shawe, Sinead Blowers, Michael Ceulemans, Kathryn Hart, Sam Schoenmakers, Amihai Rottenstreich, Heather Hopper, Mojca Jensterle, Angela C. Flynn

School of Nursing and Midwifery

Introduction: Pregnancy concurrent with incretin-based medications is contraindicated due to unknown risk of teratogenicity, as is breastfeeding. The aim of this systematic scoping review was to investigate potential risks and benefits of incretin-based medications in relation to preconception, pregnancy, and postnatal health, and to propose expert guidelines for clinical practice.Methods: An international expert multidisciplinary group was formed. Research questions relevant to women's reproductive health and incretin-based medications were refined collaboratively, utilizing a lifecourse approach. A systematic search was undertaken on July 23, 2025, across several databases and grey literature sources. Primary data from human studies were prioritized above animal studies. …

Experiences Of Cholesterol Management Among Obese Individuals: A Qualitative Exploration Of Statin Use, Diet, And Physical Activity, Ke'andra S. Foggie

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia has increased over the past decade, with obesity identified as a major contributing factor. This study examined how individuals with obesity and hypercholesterolemia managed cholesterol and experienced related challenges within their daily lives. Guided by the Chronic Care Model, the research explored participant-reported experiences of statin therapy and lifestyle practices, including dietary behaviors and physical activity, as components of cholesterol management. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis to analyze participant-reported barriers, supports, and contextual factors that shape how these practices are incorporated into daily routines. Although extensive research has examined statin …

Increasing Patient Education On Obesity, Claire Maddux, Linda Hughes

Group: Nebraska Methodist College

Obesity is a prevalent and undertreated chronic disease associated with significant morbidity and mortality, yet patient education and engagement in treatment remain limited in primary care. This quality improvement project aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief, theory-driven educational handout in improving patient knowledge, self-awareness, and readiness to engage in obesity-related care. The intervention was implemented in a Midwestern primary care clinic and targeted adult patients with a body mass index of 30 or greater. Participants were provided with an educational handout and completed pre- and post-handout tests assessing knowledge of obesity etiology, risks, and treatment options, as well …

Implementation Of A Follow-Up Call To Improve Glp-1 Medication Compliance, Hanna Weitzman-Flanigan

DNP and Student Works

Background: Obesity is a major driver of healthcare spending in the United States. GLP-1 receptor agonists are effective for weight management; however, high rates of early discontinuation reduce both clinical and economic value.

Methods: A pre–post quality improvement project implemented a nurse-led follow-up call at four weeks.

Results: Adherence improved significantly (p=0.009), weight decreased by 10 pounds (p=0.023), and estimated annual savings per patient were $6,472, contingent on sustained long-term adherence. Total estimated project savings were $80,141.

Conclusion: Nurse-led follow-up calls are a high-value intervention supporting economic sustainability.

Dnp Final Report: Implementing The 5-2-1-0 Lifestyle Framework To Address Elevated Bmi In Pediatric Primary Care, Mary K. Williams

DNP Final Reports

Pediatric obesity remains a significant public health concern, particularly in rural areas where access to specialty care is limited. Primary care settings provide an important opportunity for early identification and intervention through family-based lifestyle modification. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary impact of implementing the 5-2-1-0 healthy habits framework, developed by researchers at Penn State, in a rural pediatric primary care clinic to promote improved lifestyle behaviors among children with elevated body mass index (BMI).

This project included pediatric patients ages 5–16 years presenting for well-child visits with a BMI at or …

Sagittal Abdominal Diameter And Abdominal Aortic Calcification Are Associated With Incident Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: The Manitoba Bone Density Registry, Haftom N. Abraha, Abadi K. Gebre, Marc Sim, Cassandra Smith, Syed Zulqarnain Gilani, Zaid Ilyas, Fatima Zarzour, John T. Schousboe, Lisa M. Lix, Neil Binkley, Siobhan Reid, Barret A. Monchka, Douglas Kimelman, Joshua R. Lewis, William D. Leslie

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

BackgroundSagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), a measure of visceral adiposity, has been linked to major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). However, the relationship between SAD and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), a marker of subclinical vascular disease, and whether they independently and jointly predict MACE remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate whether weight-normalized SAD and AAC scored using a validated machine learning algorithm (ML-AAC24) are independently and jointly associated with incident MACE.MethodsSAD and ML-AAC24 were measured from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) posteroanterior and lateral spine images, respectively, from the Manitoba Bone Density registry.ResultsAmong 8806 individuals (mean age 75.1 ± 6.6 years, 93.9% women), 11.3% experienced MACE …

Facilitating Living Kidney Donation: Retrospective Evaluation Of Weight Loss Interventions To Support Kidney Donation, Julia Dumitrescu, Roslyn Mannon, Scott Westphal, Ashley Brabec, Regina Rau, Amy Olsen, Taylor Cidlik

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Background. Living kidney donor transplantation provides recipients with kidney failure with an excellent graft function and survival. Donation of a kidney entails a thorough medical and psychosocial evaluation. Obesity is an increasingly prevalent medical condition and a known risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease post-donation. Accepting overweight and obese individuals as living kidney donors remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to review the impact of obesity on the determination of candidates for living kidney donation at a single transplant center.

Methods. We performed a retrospective chart review of living kidney donors evaluated over 5 …

Exercise-Induced Gene Expression Profiles In Adults With Obesity: A Systematic Review Of Molecular Adaptation, Brandon Galvan, Luis Alberto Flores, Flor Isela Torres-Rojo, Natanael Cervantes-Hernández, Cinthia Verónica Villegas-Balderrama, Liliana Aracely Enríquez-Del-Castillo

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Obesity is a multifactorial and chronic condition characterized by excess adiposity and systemic low-grade inflammation. Exercise exerts metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects partly mediated through gene expression modulation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. However, heterogeneous responses among obese individuals suggest that genetic and epigenetic mechanisms shape exercise adaptation. Objective: This systematic review aimed to identify the genes and molecular pathways modulated by physical exercise in adults with obesity, and to classify them according to their biological functions across different exercise modalities. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, randomized controlled trials were searched in PubMed, SpringerLink, Science Direct, Cochrane, LILACS, Web of …

Prevalence And Determinants Of Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults Attending Primary Health Care Centers In Baghdad: A Cross-Sectional Study, Muammar Basheer Yasir, Almottesembellah Abdalruhman Gaiz, Noor Abdulredha Jaleel

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Medical Sciences

Metabolic syndrome has emerged as an important health concern globally, especially in developing countries where urbanization and lifestyle changes are rapidly increasing. No reliable epidemiological information regarding the prevalence and risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome is available among Iraqi adults in primary health care (PHC) clinics. This study was designed to determine the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome and identify potential risk factors among adults attending PHC centers in Baghdad. Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study design was used, targeting 412 adult subjects selected randomly from multiple PHC centers in Baghdad. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected. The …

Metabolic Markers And Gut Microbiota In Big Cats: A Relationship Between Diet, Health And Environment, Javeria Saman, Saima Sharif, Bushra Nisar, Shagufta Naz

Journal of Bioresource Management

The wild animals that occupy large territories were found to adapt less easily to captive environments compared to those with small home ranges. Among big cats, captivity posed a range of challenges, with stress emerging as central factor influencing overall welfare. Transition into captive environment was shown to alter both behavior and physiological processes, largely due to changes in their natural habitat, environmental complexity and diet. Several health issues reported in big cats including alopecia, gastrointestinal issues, neuromuscular disorders such as hindquarter paralysis were associated with underlying metabolic dysregulation. Metabolic health was recognized as critical component of overall well-being, closely …

Diabetes And Insulin Resistance, Causes And Treatment- A Review, Aoss Moez Abed–Alhussian Alyassery, Anas Al-Yasiry, Zainab Mahmood Al-Jammali

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: Insulin resistance, is a hormone that is produced in the beta cells of the pancreas and works to manage the sugar balance in the body, it usually occurs when the cells in the muscles, fat and liver do not respond properly to insulin and thus cannot absorb glucose from the blood, which leads to increased work of the pancreas to increase glucose.

HOMA-IR is probable a person may be infected 10 or 15 years ago from beginning the type 2 diabetes. When it derives addressing insulin resistance, life style changes should be the importance.

Objective: to review the causes …

Integrative Assessment Of Body Composition And Micronutrient Status In An Adult Egyptian Population, Roua Aref Nouh

Theses and Dissertations

Integrative Assessment of Body Composition and Micronutrient Status in an Adult Egyptian Population: A Functional and Biochemical Approach

Obesity and metabolic dysfunction are increasingly recognized as heterogeneous conditions that cannot be sufficiently characterized by body mass index (BMI) alone. Alterations in body composition, particularly central adiposity and skeletal muscle mass, may coexist with micronutrient imbalances even among individuals who fall outside conventional BMI-based obesity classifications. In clinical settings, such metabolic vulnerability is frequently accompanied by non-specific functional symptoms, highlighting the need for integrative assessment approaches that extend beyond weight-centered metrics. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the associations between micronutrient …

The Effect Of Hunger On The Likelihood Of Glucose Excursions In Adults With Overweight Or Obesity: Continuous Glucose Monitoring And Ecological Momentary Assessment Observational Study, Byunggul Lim, Phrashiah Githinji, Yue Liao, Jacob Szeszulski, Alexandra L Macmillan Uribe, Rebecca A Seguin-Fowler, Jane Anderson, Chad D Rethorst

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Maintaining stable glucose levels is important for metabolic health. Glucose excursions (GEs), which are marked increases in glucose following food intake, have been associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular disease and metabolic dysfunction. Individuals with overweight or obesity who do not have diabetes may still show impaired glucose regulation, as reflected in increased glucose variability. Hunger, as a real-time physiological cue, may be associated with subsequent glucose changes and represents a potential target for just-in-time adaptive interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the temporal relationship between self-reported hunger and subsequent glucose dynamics, including the likelihood of GE …

Relationship Between Sleep And Meal Timing With Glycemia Parameters In Individuals With Obesity Participating In A Randomized Time-Restricted Eating Study., Sirimon Reutrakul, Stacey L. Simon, Qi Wang, Emily N C Manoogian, Satchindananda Panda, Suryeon Ryu, Zan Gao, Caleb Griffiths, Erika Helgeson, Douglas G. Mashek, Niki Oldenburg, Lisa Senye Chow

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background/Objectives: Circadian misalignment, including mistimed sleep or eating, is associated with altered glucose metabolism. The importance of eating window timing for time-restricted eating (TRE) is increasingly recognized. This secondary analysis examined associations between meal to sleep timing intervals and glycemic parameters in individuals with obesity across three dietary interventions [TRE, CR: caloric restriction, and UE: unrestricted eating]. Methods: Participants aged 18-65 years with obesity were randomized to a 12-week intervention: TRE (8 h eating window), CR (15% reduction in daily caloric intake), or UE (usual eating habits). CGM and actigraphy were assessed over two weeks at baseline and end-intervention. Mixed …

Effects Of L-Baiba Supplementation With And Without Grains Of Paradise On Changes In Resting Metabolic Rate, Body Composition, And Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Leah E. Allen, Paige J. Sutton, Alex Schrautemeier, Kevin Holley, Connor J. Gaige, Joesi M. Krieger, Anthony M. Hagele, Karenina Antequera Gutierrez, Petey Mumford, Chad Kerksick

Faculty Symposium

To evaluate the impact of 56 days of supplementing with L-BAIBA or L-BAIBA + GOP (BGOP) on resting metabolic rate, body composition, perceptual indicators of mood and affect, and cardiometabolic markers in overweight and obese men and women.

METHODS: Healthy men and women (43.2±11.4 years, 169.4±7.6 cm, 90.3±15.6 kg, 31.4±4.4 kg∙m-2) completed a weekly exercise program and followed a calorierestrictive diet and were randomly assigned in a double-blind and blocked manner according to sex and DXA lean mass to consume daily either a placebo (PLA) (n=12 [11F, 1M]), 500 mg L-BAIBA (L-BAIBA: MitoBurn™, NNB Nutrition) (n=13 [9F, 4M]), or …

Antioxidant Therapy Reverses Hepatotoxicity Induced By Microcystin-Lr In A Cellular Model Of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (Masld), Apurva Lad, Jason Kindle, Prajwal Hegde, Gabriel G. Kleer, Andrew L. Kleinhenz, Johnna A. Birbeck, Judy Westrick, Nicholas J. Peraino, Terry D. Hinds, Neeraja Purandare, Andrew M. Fribley, Steven T. Haller, David J. Kennedy

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is a potent hepatotoxin that has been shown to cause liver damage even at doses lower than the established Low Observable Adverse Effect Level (LOAEL) of 200 μg/kg in animal models. We have previously observed that low-dose exposure to MC-LR in animals with diet-induced Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and subsequent treatment with antioxidants like N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and the Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase-Src kinase inhibitor pNaKtide significantly alleviated hepatic infiltration of immune cells, downregulated markers of inflammation and hepatotoxicity, increased the breakdown of the toxin molecule, and restored phase I and II drug metabolism pathways, including …

GαQ Is A Heterotrimeric G-Protein Subunit That Directs The Selectivity Of Pparγ-Induced Gene Pathways Toward Energy-Related Processes Rather Than Adiposity, Evelyn A. Bates, Zachary A. Kipp, Wang Hsin Lee, Genesee J. Martinez, Sally N. Pauss, Philipp E. Scherer, Terry D. Hinds

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Background/Objectives: Signaling mediators of PPARγ influence pathways involved in adipogenesis, lipid storage, inflammation, energy-related processes, and glucose utilization. Recent research indicates that PPARγ coregulators, recruited or released during ligand binding, govern specific gene pathways. It was recently discovered that Gα_q, a heterotrimeric G protein subunit, also signals to PPARγ and may significantly affect adipogenesis and glucose sensitivity. Methods: To explore Gα_q’s role in adipocytes, we generated CRISPR-mediated Gα_q (Gnaq) knockout (Gnaq KO) and scramble control cells from 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Results: The absence of Gα_q resulted in increased lipid accumulation and elevated serine 273 (but …

Associations Among Pork Intake, Weight-Loss, And Diet Quality Outcomes In A Commercial Weight-Management Program, Ana M Palacios, Grace Anderson, Beate Henschel, Alexandra M Lee, Kelli M Richardson, Chelsie Parker, Stephanie L Dickinson, Jing X Kersey, David B Allison, Gary D Foster, Michelle I Cardel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Pork is a common source of high-quality protein. However, it is typically recommended in moderation due to its saturated fat content, especially as its role in weight management, weight-loss (WL) programs, and overall diet quality is not well understood. This study aimed to identify associations among pork intake, WL, and diet quality among adults with overweight or obesity participating in a weight management program (WMP).

Methods: This secondary analysis used data from a 6-month randomized controlled trial (NCT05648344) evaluating the effectiveness of a WMP on diet quality. Data were collected through online surveys and the Automated Self-Administered …